From orchards to motherboards: A timeline of how Silicon Valley came to be

From the early days of its evolution from an agricultural wonderland known for lush fruit orchards to “the capital city of the digital revolution,” Silicon Valley’s resilient, resourceful, endlessly inventive ecosystem has provided the foundation for a host of world-transforming innovations, from William Shockley’s transistor and the HP 35 electronic calculator to the microchip, the PC and the vast virtual engine we call the Internet.