Edgar Filing: PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL INC

10-K

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

(MARK ONE)

ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2013

TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM TO

COMMISSION FILE NUMBER 001-16707

Prudential Financial, Inc.

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)

New Jersey

22-3703799

(State or Other Jurisdiction of

Incorporation or Organization)

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification Number)

751 Broad Street

Newark, New Jersey 07102

(973) 802-6000

(Address and Telephone Number of Registrant’s Principal Executive Offices)

SECURITIES REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OF THE ACT:

Title of Each Class

Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered

Common Stock, Par Value $.01

(including Shareholder Protection Rights)

New York Stock Exchange

SECURITIES REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(g) OF THE ACT: NONE

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.

Yes x No ¨

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes ¨ No x

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of the Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes x No ¨

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):


Large accelerated filer x		Accelerated filer ¨
Non-accelerated filer ¨		Smaller reporting company ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes ¨ No x

As of June 30, 2013, the aggregate market value of the registrant’s Common Stock (par value $0.01) held by non-affiliates of the registrant was $33.81 billion and 463 million shares of the Common Stock were outstanding. As of January 31, 2014, 461 million shares of the registrant’s Common Stock (par value $0.01) were outstanding. As of June 30, 2013, and January 31, 2014, 2 million shares of the registrant’s Class B Stock, for which there is no established public trading market, were outstanding and held by non-affiliates of the registrant.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

The information required to be furnished pursuant to Part III of this Form 10-K is set forth in, and is hereby incorporated by reference herein from, the Registrant’s Definitive Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held on May 13, 2014, to be filed by the Registrant with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Regulation 14A not later than 120 days after the year ended December 31, 2013.

TABLE OF CONTENTS


			Page Number
PART I	Item 1.	Business		1
	Item 1A.	Risk Factors		35
	Item 1B.	Unresolved Staff Comments		55
	Item 1C.	Executive Officers of the Registrant		56
	Item 2.	Properties		58
	Item 3.	Legal Proceedings		58
	Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures		58
PART II	Item 5.	Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities		59
	Item 6.	Selected Financial Data		61
	Item 7.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations		64
	Item 7A.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk		196
	Item 8.	Financial Statements and Supplementary Data		203
	Item 9.	Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure		375
	Item 9A.	Controls and Procedures		375
	Item 9B.	Other Information		375
PART III	Item 10.	Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance		375
	Item 11.	Executive Compensation		376
	Item 12.	Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters		376
	Item 13.	Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence		377
	Item 14.	Principal Accountant Fees and Services		377
PART IV	Item 15.	Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules		377
SIGNATURES				393

Forward-Looking Statements

Certain of the statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, including but not limited to those in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of the U.S. Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Words such as “expects,” “believes,” “anticipates,” “includes,” “plans,” “assumes,” “estimates,” “projects,” “intends,” “should,” “will,” “shall” or variations of such words are generally part of forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements are made based on management’s current expectations and beliefs concerning future developments and their potential effects upon Prudential Financial, Inc. and its subsidiaries. There can be no assurance that future developments affecting Prudential Financial, Inc. and its subsidiaries will be those anticipated by management. These forward-looking statements are not a guarantee of future performance and involve risks and uncertainties, and there are certain important factors that could cause actual results to differ, possibly materially, from expectations or estimates reflected in such forward-looking statements, including, among others: (1) general economic, market and political conditions, including the performance and fluctuations of fixed income, equity, real estate and other financial markets; (2) the availability and cost of additional debt or equity capital or external financing for our operations; (3) interest rate fluctuations or prolonged periods of low interest rates; (4) the degree to which we choose not to hedge risks, or the potential ineffectiveness or insufficiency of hedging or risk management strategies we do implement, with regard to variable annuity or other product guarantees; (5) any inability to access our credit facilities; (6) reestimates of our reserves for future policy benefits and claims; (7) differences between actual experience regarding mortality, longevity, morbidity, persistency, surrender experience, interest rates or market returns and the assumptions we use in pricing our products, establishing liabilities and reserves or for other purposes; (8) changes in our assumptions related to deferred policy acquisition costs, value of business acquired or goodwill; (9) changes in assumptions for retirement expense; (10) changes in our financial strength or credit ratings; (11) statutory reserve requirements associated with term and universal life insurance policies under Regulation XXX and Guideline AXXX; (12) investment losses, defaults and counterparty non-performance; (13) competition in our product lines and for personnel; (14) difficulties in marketing and distributing products through current or future distribution channels; (15) changes in tax law; (16) economic, political, currency and other risks relating to our international operations; (17) fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates and foreign securities markets; (18) regulatory or legislative changes, including the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act; (19) inability to protect our intellectual property rights or claims of infringement of the intellectual property rights of others; (20) adverse determinations in litigation or regulatory matters and our exposure to contingent liabilities, including in connection with our divestiture or winding down of businesses; (21) domestic or international military actions, natural or man-made disasters including terrorist activities or pandemic disease, or other events resulting in catastrophic loss of life; (22) ineffectiveness of risk management policies and procedures in identifying, monitoring and managing risks; (23) effects of acquisitions, divestitures and restructurings, including possible difficulties in integrating and realizing projected results of acquisitions; (24) interruption in telecommunication, information technology or other operational systems or failure to maintain the security, confidentiality or privacy of sensitive data on such systems; (25) changes in statutory or U.S. GAAP accounting principles, practices or policies; (26) Prudential Financial, Inc.’s primary reliance, as a holding company, on dividends or distributions from its subsidiaries to meet debt payment obligations and the ability of the subsidiaries to pay such dividends or distributions in light of our ratings objectives and/or applicable regulatory restrictions; and (27) risks due to the lack of legal separation between our Financial Services Businesses and our Closed Block Business. Prudential Financial, Inc. does not intend, and is under no obligation, to update any particular forward-looking statement included in this document. See “Risk Factors” included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for discussion of certain risks relating to our businesses and investment in our securities.

Throughout this Annual Report on Form 10-K, “Prudential Financial” and the “Registrant” refer to Prudential Financial, Inc., the ultimate holding company for all of our companies. “Prudential Insurance” refers to The Prudential Insurance Company of America. “Prudential,” the “Company,” “we” and “our” refer to our consolidated operations.

PART I

ITEM 1.

BUSINESS

Overview

Prudential Financial, Inc., a financial services leader with approximately $1.107 trillion of assets under management as of December 31, 2013, has operations in the United States, Asia, Europe and Latin America. Through our subsidiaries and affiliates, we offer a wide array of financial products and services, including life insurance, annuities, retirement-related services, mutual funds and investment management. We offer these products and services to individual and institutional customers through proprietary and third party distribution networks. Our principal executive offices are located in Newark, New Jersey.

The businesses of Prudential Financial are separated into the Financial Services Businesses and the Closed Block Business. The Financial Services Businesses comprises our U.S. Retirement Solutions and Investment Management division, U.S. Individual Life and Group Insurance division, and International Insurance division as well as our Corporate and Other operations. The Closed Block Business comprises the assets and related liabilities of the Closed Block described below and certain related assets and liabilities.

We maintain diversified investment portfolios in our insurance companies to support our liabilities to customers in our Financial Services Businesses and the Closed Block Business, as well as our other general liabilities. Our investment portfolio consists of public and private fixed maturity securities, commercial mortgage and other loans, equity securities and other invested assets. As of December 31, 2013, the general account investment portfolio totaled $325.3 billion for the Financial Services Businesses and $66.0 billion for the Closed Block Business. For additional information on our investment portfolio, see “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—General Account Investments” and Note 4 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Prudential Financial has two classes of common stock outstanding. The Common Stock, which is publicly traded (NYSE:PRU), reflects the performance of the Financial Services Businesses, while the Class B Stock, which was issued through a private placement and does not trade on any exchange, reflects the performance of the Closed Block Business. However, the market value of the Common Stock may not reflect solely the performance of the Financial Services Businesses.

Demutualization and Separation of the Businesses

Demutualization

On December 18, 2001, Prudential Insurance converted from a mutual life insurance company owned by its policyholders to a stock life insurance company and became an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of Prudential Financial. The demutualization was carried out under Prudential Insurance’s Plan of Reorganization, dated as of December 15, 2000, as amended, which we refer to as the Plan of Reorganization. On the date of demutualization, eligible policyholders, as defined in the Plan of Reorganization, received shares of Prudential Financial’s Common Stock or the right to receive cash or policy credits, which are increases in policy values or increases in other policy benefits, upon the extinguishment of all membership interests in Prudential Insurance. In addition, on the date of demutualization, Prudential Holdings, LLC (“PHLLC”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of Prudential Financial that owns the capital stock of Prudential Insurance, issued $1.75 billion in senior secured notes, which we refer to as the IHC debt.

The Plan of Reorganization required us to establish and operate a regulatory mechanism known as the Closed Block. The Closed Block is designed generally to provide for the reasonable expectations of holders of participating individual life insurance policies and annuities included in the Closed Block for future policy dividends after demutualization by allocating assets that will be used for payment of benefits, including policyholder dividends, on these policies. See Note 12 to the Consolidated Financial Statements and “—Closed Block Business” below for more information on the Closed Block.

Separation of the Businesses

The businesses of Prudential Financial are separated into the Financial Services Businesses and the Closed Block Business for financial statement purposes. For a discussion of the operating results of the Financial Services Businesses and the Closed Block Business, see “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.” See “—Financial Services Businesses” below for a more detailed discussion of the divisions comprising the Financial Services Businesses. The Closed Block Business comprises the assets and related liabilities of the Closed Block and certain other assets and liabilities, including the IHC debt. We refer to the Financial Services Businesses and the Closed Block Business collectively as the Businesses.

The following diagram reflects the allocation of Prudential Financial’s consolidated assets and liabilities between the Financial Services Businesses and the Closed Block Business:

LOGO

There is no legal separation of the two Businesses. The foregoing allocation of assets and liabilities does not require Prudential Financial, Prudential Insurance, any of their subsidiaries or the Closed Block to transfer any specific assets or liabilities to a separate legal entity. Financial results of the Closed Block Business, including debt service on the IHC debt, will affect Prudential Financial’s consolidated results of operations, financial position and borrowing costs. In addition, any net losses of the Closed Block Business, and any dividends or distributions on, or repurchases of, the Class B Stock, will reduce the assets of Prudential Financial legally available for dividends on the Common Stock. Accordingly, you should read the financial information for the Financial Services Businesses together with the consolidated financial information of Prudential Financial.

In order to separately reflect the financial performance of the Financial Services Businesses and the Closed Block Business since the date of demutualization, we have allocated all of our assets and liabilities and earnings between the two Businesses, and we account for them as if they were separate legal entities. All assets and liabilities of Prudential Financial and its subsidiaries not included in the Closed Block Business constitute the assets and liabilities of the Financial Services Businesses. Assets and liabilities allocated to the Closed Block Business are those that we consider appropriate to operate that business. The Closed Block Business consists principally of:

•

within Prudential Insurance, the Closed Block Assets, Surplus and Related Assets (see below), deferred policy acquisition costs and other assets in respect of the policies included in the Closed Block and, with respect to liabilities, the Closed Block Liabilities and other liabilities associated with Surplus and Related Assets;

•

within PHLLC, dividends received from Prudential Insurance, certain tax benefits and reinvestment proceeds thereof, the principal amount of the IHC debt, related unamortized debt issuance costs and hedging activities, and a guaranteed investment contract; and

•

within Prudential Financial, the Class B stock and associated activity.

The Closed Block Assets consist of (1) those assets initially allocated to the Closed Block including fixed maturities, equity securities, commercial loans and other long- and short-term investments; (2) cash flows from such assets; (3) assets resulting from the reinvestment of such cash flows; (4) cash flows from the Closed Block Policies; and (5) assets resulting from the investment of cash flows from the Closed Block Policies. The Closed Block Assets also include policy loans, accrued interest on any of the foregoing assets and premiums due on the Closed Block Policies. The Closed Block Liabilities are Closed Block Policies and other liabilities of the Closed Block associated with the Closed Block Assets. The Closed Block Assets and Closed Block Liabilities are supported by additional assets held outside of the Closed Block by Prudential Insurance, to provide additional capital with respect to the Closed Block Policies, as well as invested assets held outside of the Closed Block that initially represented the difference between the Closed Block Assets and the sum of the Closed Block Liabilities and the interest maintenance reserve, which collectively we refer to as the Surplus and Related Assets.

On the date of demutualization, the majority of the net proceeds from the issuances of the Class B Stock and the IHC debt was allocated to our Financial Services Businesses. The portion of the proceeds of the IHC debt deposited by PHLLC in a debt service coverage account (“DSCA”) maintained in the Financial Services Businesses in connection with the demutualization, together with reinvested earnings thereon, constitutes a source of payment and security for the IHC debt. To the extent cash flows associated with the Closed Block Business within the DSCA are not adequate to service payments with respect to the IHC debt, a loan from the Financial Services Businesses to the Closed Block Business would be established. Such inter-business loan would be repaid by the Closed Block Business to the Financial Services Businesses when cash flows from the Closed Block Business replenish funds in the DSCA to a specified level. We believe that the proceeds from the issuances of the Class B Stock and IHC debt allocated to the Financial Services Businesses reflected capital in excess of that necessary to support the Closed Block Business and that the Closed Block Business as established has sufficient assets and cash flows to service the IHC debt. The Closed Block Business was financially leveraged through the issuance of the IHC debt, and dividends on the Class B Stock are subject to prior servicing of the IHC debt.

Within the Closed Block Business, the assets and cash flows attributable to the Closed Block accrue solely to the benefit of the Closed Block policyholders through policyholder dividends after payment of benefits, expenses and taxes. The Surplus and Related Assets accrue to the benefit of the holders of Class B Stock. The earnings on, and distribution of, the Surplus and Related Assets over time will be the source or measure of payment of the interest and principal of the IHC debt and of dividends on the Class B Stock. The earnings of the Closed Block are reported as part of the Closed Block Business, although no cash flows or assets of the Closed Block accrue to the benefit of the holders of Common Stock or Class B Stock. The Closed Block Assets are not available to service interest or principal of the IHC debt or dividends on the Class B Stock.

Inter-Business Transfers and Allocation Policies

Prudential Financial’s Board of Directors has adopted certain policies relating to payments, loans, capital contributions, transfers of assets and other transactions between the Closed Block Business and the Financial Services Businesses; and the allocation between the two Businesses of tax costs and benefits. These inter-business transfer and allocation policies are set forth in Exhibit 4.3 to this Annual Report. In the future, the Board of Directors may modify, rescind or add to any of these policies, subject to the Board of Directors’ general fiduciary duties. In addition, we have agreed with the investors in the Class B Stock and the insurer of the IHC debt that, in most instances, the Board of Directors may not change these policies without their consent.

Cash payments for administrative services from the Closed Block Business to the Financial Services Businesses are based on formulas that initially approximated the actual expenses incurred by the Financial Services Businesses to provide such services based on insurance policies and annuities in force and statutory cash premiums. Administrative expenses recorded by the Closed Block Business, and the related income tax effect, are based upon actual expenses incurred under accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S., or U.S.

GAAP, utilizing the Company’s methodology for the allocation of such expenses. Any difference in the cash amount transferred and actual expenses incurred as reported under U.S. GAAP will be recorded, on an after-tax basis at the applicable current tax rate, as direct adjustments to the respective equity balances of the Closed Block Business and the Financial Services Businesses, without the issuance of shares of either Business to the other Business. This direct equity adjustment modifies earnings available to each class of common stock for earnings per share purposes. Internal investment expenses recorded and paid by the Closed Block Business, and the related income tax effect, are based upon actual expenses incurred under U.S. GAAP and in accordance with internal arrangements governing recordkeeping, bank fees, accounting and reporting, asset allocation, investment policy and planning and analysis.

Financial Services Businesses

The Financial Services Businesses are comprised of three divisions, containing six segments, and our Corporate and Other operations. The U.S. Retirement Solutions and Investment Management division is comprised of the Individual Annuities, Retirement and Asset Management segments. The U.S. Individual Life and Group Insurance division is comprised of the Individual Life and Group Insurance segments. The International Insurance division is comprised of the International Insurance segment.

See Note 22 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for revenues, income and loss, and total assets by segment of the Financial Services Businesses.

U.S. Retirement Solutions and Investment Management Division

The U.S. Retirement Solutions and Investment Management division conducts its business through the Individual Annuities, Retirement and Asset Management segments.

Individual Annuities

Our Individual Annuities segment manufactures and distributes individual variable and fixed annuity products, primarily to the U.S. mass affluent market. In general, we consider households with investable assets or annual income in excess of $100,000 to be mass affluent in the U.S. market. We focus on innovative product design and risk management strategies.

Competition

We compete with other providers of retirement savings and accumulation products, including large, well-established insurance and financial services companies, primarily based on our innovative product features and our risk management strategies. We also compete based on brand recognition, the breadth of our distribution platform and our customer service capabilities.

In recent years, we have experienced a dynamic competitive landscape, prompted by challenging global financial markets. We proactively monitor changes in the annuity marketplace, and have taken actions to adapt our products to the current environment in order to maintain appropriate return prospects and improve our risk profile. These actions have included variable annuity product modifications for new sales to scale back benefits, change pricing, and reduce commissions as well as closing of a share class. We also suspended or limited additional contractholder deposits for variable annuities with certain optional living benefit riders that are no longer being offered. Similarly, certain of our competitors have taken actions to implement modifications which scale back benefits or to exit, or limit their presence in, the variable annuity marketplace. Despite these actions, our contract retention has been strong, and we believe our product offerings are competitive relative to substitute products currently available in the marketplace. We will continue to look for opportunities to further enhance and differentiate our current suite of products to meet the retirement needs of our customers while responding to market conditions and managing risks.

Products

We offer variable annuities that provide our customers with tax-deferred asset accumulation together with a base death benefit and a suite of optional guaranteed death and living benefits and annuitization options. The majority of our currently sold contracts include an optional living benefit guarantee which provides, among other features, the ability to make withdrawals based on the highest daily contract value plus a minimum return, credited for a period of time. This guaranteed contract value is a notional amount that forms the basis for determining periodic withdrawals for the life of the contractholder, and cannot be accessed as a lump-sum surrender value. Certain optional living benefits can also be purchased with a companion optional death benefit, also based on a highest daily contract value. In the first quarter of 2013, we launched the Prudential Defined Income Variable Annuity, or PDI, to complement the variable annuity products we offer with the highest daily benefit, which provides for guaranteed lifetime contractholder withdrawal payments. In addition, certain inforce contracts include guaranteed benefits which are not currently offered, such as annuitization benefits based on a guaranteed notional amount and benefits payable at specified dates after the accumulation period. Most contracts also guarantee the contractholder a return of total deposits made to the contract less any partial withdrawals upon death.

Excluding our new PDI product, the majority of our variable annuities generally provide our contractholders with the opportunity to allocate purchase payments to sub-accounts that invest in underlying proprietary and non-proprietary mutual funds, frequently under asset allocation programs, and fixed-rate accounts. The fixed-rate accounts that are invested in the general account are credited with interest at rates we determine, subject to certain minimums. We also offer fixed annuities that provide a guarantee of principal and interest credited at rates we determine, subject to certain contractual minimums. Certain investments made in the fixed-rate accounts of our variable annuities and certain fixed annuities impose a market value adjustment if the invested amount is not held to maturity.

For information regarding the risks inherent in our products and the mitigants we have in place to limit our exposure to these risks, see “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Results of Operations for Financial Services Businesses by Segment—U.S. Retirement Solutions and Investment Management Division—Individual Annuities—Variable Annuity Risks and Risk Mitigants.”

Marketing and Distribution

Our annuity products are distributed through a diverse group of third-party broker-dealers and their representatives, in banks, wirehouses, and through independent financial planners. Additionally, our variable annuity products are distributed through insurance agents, including Prudential Agents and the agency distribution force of The Allstate Corporation, or Allstate. Our distribution efforts are supported by a network of 290 internal and external wholesalers as of December 31, 2013.

Underwriting and Pricing

We earn asset management fees determined as a percentage of the average assets of the mutual funds in our variable annuity products, net of subadvisory expenses related to non-proprietary funds. Additionally, we earn mortality and expense fees for various insurance-related options and features based on the average daily net asset value of the annuity separate accounts or the amount of guaranteed value under the optional living benefit, as applicable. We also receive administrative service fees from many of the proprietary and non-proprietary mutual funds.

We price our variable annuities based on an evaluation of the risks assumed and considering applicable hedging costs. Our pricing is also influenced by competition, and by assumptions regarding contractholder behavior, including persistency, benefit utilization and the timing and efficiency of withdrawals for contracts with living benefit features, as well as other assumptions. Significant deviations in actual experience from our pricing assumptions could have an adverse effect on the profitability of our products. To encourage persistency, most of our variable and fixed annuities have surrender or withdrawal charges for a specified number of years. In addition, the living benefit features of our variable annuity products encourage persistency because the potential value of the living benefit is fully realized only if the contract persists.

We price our fixed annuities as well as the fixed-rate accounts of our variable annuities based on many assumptions, including investment returns, expenses, competition and persistency. We seek to maintain a spread between the return on our general account invested assets and the interest we credit on our fixed annuities and the fixed-rate accounts of our variable annuities.

Reserves

We establish reserves in accordance with U.S. GAAP for future contractholder benefits and expenses. For our guaranteed minimum death and income benefits, we base the reserves on assumptions we believe to be appropriate for investment yield, persistency, expenses, withdrawal timing and efficiency and mortality rates. Certain of the living benefit guarantee features on variable annuity contracts are accounted for as embedded derivatives and are carried at fair value. The fair values of these benefit features are calculated as the present value of future expected benefit payments to customers less the present value of assessed rider fees attributable to the embedded derivative feature, and are based on assumptions a market participant would use in valuing these embedded derivatives. For variable and fixed annuity contracts, we establish liabilities for contractholders’ account balances that represent cumulative gross premium payments plus credited interest and/or fund performance, less withdrawals, and expense and cost of insurance charges.

Retirement

Our Retirement segment, which we refer to in the marketplace as Prudential Retirement, provides retirement investment and income products and services to retirement plan sponsors in the public, private, and not-for-profit sectors. Our full service business provides recordkeeping, plan administration, actuarial advisory services, tailored participant education and communication services, trustee services and institutional and retail investments. We service defined contribution, defined benefit and non-qualified plans, and for clients with combinations of these plans, we offer integrated recordkeeping services. We also provide certain brokerage services through our broker-dealer, Prudential Investment Management Services LLC, and trust services through Prudential Bank & Trust, FSB (“PB&T”) a limited purpose trust-only institution. Our institutional investment products business offers investment-only stable value products, pension risk transfer products, guaranteed investment contracts, or GICs, funding agreements, institutional and retail notes, structured settlement annuities and other group annuities for defined contribution plans, defined benefit plans, non-qualified plans, and individuals.

Competition

The Retirement segment competes with other large, well-established insurance companies, asset managers, recordkeepers and diversified financial institutions. In our full service business, we compete primarily based on pricing, the breadth of our service and investment offerings, investment performance, and our ability to offer product features to meet the retirement income needs of our clients. In recent years, we have seen a trend towards unbundling of the purchase decision related to the recordkeeping and investment offerings, where the variety and flexibility of available funds and their performance are key selection criteria to plan sponsors and intermediaries. Additionally, regulations requiring more standard and consistent fee disclosures across industry providers have heightened pricing pressures. We have also seen slow case turnover in our mid to large case target markets.

In our institutional investment products business, we compete primarily based on our pricing and structuring capabilities, as well as our ability to offer innovative product solutions. Sales of institutional investment products are affected by competitive factors such as investment performance, company credit and financial strength ratings, product design, marketplace visibility, distribution capabilities, fees, crediting rates, and customer service. In recent years, we have established ourselves as a leader in the stable value wrap market and as an innovator in providing pension risk management solutions to plan sponsors. We believe the pension risk transfer market continues to offer attractive opportunities that are aligned with our expertise. However, increased competition and existing intermediary relationships reaching saturation levels may impact our momentum in the stable value wrap market. For certain of our traditional institutional investment products, economic conditions and other competitive factors have resulted in maturing contracts outpacing new issuances.

Products and Services

Full Service. Our full service business offers plan sponsors and their participants a broad range of products and services to assist in the delivery and administration of defined contribution, defined benefit, and non-qualified plans, including recordkeeping and administrative services, comprehensive investment offerings and consulting services to assist plan sponsors in managing fiduciary obligations. As part of our investment products, we offer a variety of general and separate account stable value products and other fee-based separate accounts, as well as retail mutual funds and institutional funds advised by affiliated and non-affiliated investment managers. In addition, certain products are marketed and sold on an investment-only basis through our full service distribution channels.

Our full service general account and separate account stable value products contain an obligation to pay interest at a specified rate for a specific period of time and to repay account balances or market value upon contract termination. These stable value products are either fully or partially participating, with annual or semi-annual rate resets giving effect to previous investment experience. We earn profits from partially participating products from the spread between the rate of return we earn on the investments and the interest rates we credit, less expenses. In addition, we may earn administrative fees for providing recordkeeping and other administrative services for both fully and partially participating products.

We also offer fee-based products, through which customer funds are held in a separate account, retail mutual funds, institutional funds, or a client-owned trust. These products generally pass all of the investment results to the customer. In certain cases, these contracts are subject to a minimum interest rate guarantee backed by the general account. Additionally, we offer guaranteed minimum withdrawal benefits associated with certain defined contribution accounts, and hedge certain of the related risks utilizing externally purchased hedging instruments.

Our full service fee-based advisory offerings are supported by participant communications and education programs, and a broad range of plan consulting services, including non-discrimination testing, plan document services, signature-ready documents for required filings, and full actuarial support for defined benefit plans. Additional services include non-qualified deferred compensation plan administration, including executive benefit solutions and financing strategies, investment advisory services, and merger and acquisition support.

Institutional Investment Products. Our institutional investment products business primarily offers products to the stable value and payout annuity markets.

Stable Value Markets. Our stable value area manufactures investment-only products for use in retail and institutional capital markets and qualified plan markets. Our primary stable value product offerings are investment-only wraps through which customers’ funds are held in a client-owned trust. These are participating contracts for which we pass investment results through to the customer, subject to a minimum interest rate guarantee backed by the general account, and earn fees for providing this guarantee. For contracts currently in force, the minimum interest rate has a floor of zero percent. The fees we earn for providing this guarantee may be reset as defined by the underlying contracts. Contractholders are provided with flexible fund investment alternatives, which may be managed by Prudential Financial’s asset management unit or third party asset managers.

We also offer investment-only general account products in the form of GICs, funding agreements, and institutional and retail notes. These products contain an obligation to pay interest at a specified rate and to repay principal at maturity or following contract termination. Because these obligations are backed by our general account, we bear the investment and asset/liability management risk associated with these contracts. Generally, profits from these products result from the spread between the rates of return we earn on the investments and the interest rates we credit, less expenses.

Payout Annuity Markets. Our payout annuity area offers innovative pension risk transfer products, as well as traditional general and separate account products designed to provide a predictable source of monthly income, generally for the life of the participant.

Our innovative pension risk transfer products include portfolio-protected products and a longevity reinsurance product. Our portfolio-protected products are non-participating group annuity contracts which we issue to pension plan sponsors and assume all of the investment and actuarial risk associated with a group of specified participants within a plan. These products have economic features similar to our traditional general account annuity contracts, discussed below, but may also offer the added protection of an insulated separate account. Our longevity reinsurance product is a reinsurance contract from which we earn a fee for assuming the longevity risk of pension plans that have been insured by third-parties.

In 2012, we completed two significant non-participating group annuity pension risk transfer transactions for which the premiums associated with these transactions represented approximately 38% of Prudential Financial’s 2012 total consolidated revenue.

Our traditional general and separate account products include structured settlements, voluntary income products and other group annuities, which fulfill the payment guarantee needs of the personal injury lawsuit settlement market, the distribution needs of defined contribution participants and the payment obligations of defined benefit plans, respectively. For our general account products, we bear all of the investment, mortality, retirement, asset/liability management, and expense risk associated with these contracts. Our profits result from the emerging experience related to investment returns, timing of mortality, timing of retirement, and the level of expenses being more or less favorable than assumed in the original pricing. Our separate account products include both participating and non-participating contracts. Our participating contracts are fee-based products that cover payments to be made to defined benefit plan retirees. These contracts permit a plan sponsor to retain the risks and rewards of investment and actuarial results while receiving a general account guarantee for all annuity payments covered by the contract. Our non-participating contracts provide pension benefit guarantees to defined benefit plan participants. Under U.S. GAAP, the non-participating contracts are treated as general account products, and have economic features similar to our general account annuity contracts, but offer the added protection of an insulated separate account.

Marketing and Distribution

We distribute our products through a variety of channels. In our full service business, our dedicated sales and support teams manage our distribution efforts in offices across the country. We sell our products and services through third-party financial advisors, brokers, and benefits consultants and, to a lesser extent, directly to plan sponsors.

In our stable value area within our institutional investment products business, we utilize our direct sales force and intermediaries to distribute investment-only stable value wraps and traditional GICs to plan sponsors and stable value fund managers, and to distribute funding agreements and institutional notes to investors. We also manage a global Funding Agreement Notes Issuance Program, or FANIP, pursuant to which a statutory trust issues medium-term notes secured by funding agreements issued to the trust by Prudential Insurance. Prudential Insurance may also issue funding agreements directly to the Federal Home Loan Bank of New York (“FHLBNY”).

In our payout annuity area within our institutional investment products business, our pension risk transfer products, traditional group annuities and participating separate account annuities are typically distributed through actuarial consultants and third-party brokers. Structured settlements are distributed through structured settlement specialists. Voluntary income products are distributed through the defined contribution portion of our full service business, directly to plan sponsors, or as part of annuity shopping services.

Underwriting and Pricing

We set our rates for our stable value products within our full service and institutional investment products businesses using pricing models that consider the investment environment and our risk, expense and profitability assumptions. In addition, for products within our payout annuity area, our models also use assumptions for mortality and early retirement risks. These assumptions may be less predictable in certain markets, and deviations in actual experience from pricing assumptions could affect the profitability of these products. For our investment-only stable value wrap product, our pricing risk is mitigated by several features, including: the fees

we earn for providing a guaranteed rate of return may be reset, as defined by the underlying contracts; the contracts allow participants to withdraw funds at book value, while contractholder withdrawals occur at market value immediately or at book value over time; and our obligation is limited to payments that are in excess of the fund value.

Reserves

We establish reserves in accordance with U.S. GAAP for the future policyholder benefits and expenses of our annuity products. We base these reserves on assumptions we believe to be appropriate for investment yield, expenses, mortality rates, retirement and other behavioral assumptions, as well as provisions for adverse deviation as appropriate. For accumulation products, we establish liabilities for policyholders’ account balances and additional reserves for investment experience that will accrue to the customer but have not yet been reflected in credited rates.

Asset Management

The Asset Management segment provides a broad array of investment management and advisory services by means of institutional portfolio management, retail funds management, private lending and asset securitization activity and other structured products. These products and services are provided to third party clients as well as other segments of our Financial Services Businesses and the Closed Block Business. We also invest in asset management and investment distribution businesses in targeted countries, including through investments in operating joint ventures, to expand our mass affluent customer base outside the U.S. and to increase our global assets under management.

We earn asset management fees which are typically based upon a percentage of assets under management. In certain asset management arrangements, we also receive performance-based incentive fees when the return on the managed assets exceeds certain benchmark returns or other performance targets. Transaction fees are earned as a percentage of the transaction price associated with the sale or purchase of assets in certain funds, primarily related to real estate. In addition, we earn investment returns from strategic investing and revenues from commercial mortgage origination and servicing.

Competition

The Asset Management segment competes with numerous asset managers and other financial institutions. For our asset management products, we compete based on a number of factors, including investment performance, strategy and process, talent, organizational stability and client relationships. We offer products across multiple asset classes, with specialized investment teams that employ approaches designed to add value in each product area or asset class. Our organizational stability and robust institutional and retail businesses have helped attract and retain talent critical to delivering investment results for clients. Our private placement and commercial mortgage businesses compete based on price, terms, execution and the strength of our relationship with the borrower. Competition will vary depending on the product or service being offered.

Products and Services

We offer asset management services for public and private fixed income, public equity and real estate, as well as commercial mortgage origination and servicing, and mutual funds and other retail services through the following eight businesses:

Prudential Fixed Income. Prudential Fixed Income manages assets for clients, investors, and the general account worldwide through our operations in the U.S., London, Singapore and Tokyo. Our products include traditional broad market fixed income and single-sector strategies, traditional and customized asset/liability strategies, hedge strategies and collateralized loan obligations. Prudential Fixed Income also serves as a non-custodial securities lending agent. Portfolios are managed by seasoned portfolio managers across sector specialist teams using a research-based approach, supported by significant credit research, quantitative research, and risk management organizations.

Jennison Associates. Jennison Associates LLC, a wholly-owned registered investment adviser, provides discretionary and non-discretionary asset management services by managing a range of publicly traded equity, balanced and fixed income portfolios that span market capitalizations, investment styles and geographies. Jennison Associates uses fundamental, team-based research to manage portfolios for institutional, private and subadvisory clients, including mutual funds.

Quantitative Management Associates. Quantitative Management Associates LLC, a wholly-owned registered investment adviser, provides discretionary and non-discretionary asset management services to a wide range of clients by managing a broad array of publicly traded equity asset classes using various investment styles. Quantitative Management Associates manages equity and asset allocation portfolios for institutional and subadvisory clients, including mutual funds, using proprietary quantitative processes tailored to meet client objectives.

Prudential Capital Group. Prudential Capital Group provides asset management services by investing in private placement investment grade and below investment grade debt and mezzanine debt and equity securities, with a majority of the private placement investments being originated by our staff. These investment capabilities are utilized by our general account and institutional clients through direct advisory accounts, insurance company separate accounts, and private fund structures.

Prudential Mortgage Capital Company. Prudential Mortgage Capital Company provides commercial mortgage origination, asset management and servicing for our general account, institutional clients, and government-sponsored entities such as Fannie Mae, the Federal Housing Administration, and Freddie Mac, and as a minority interest joint venture partner and service provider to originate commercial mortgages for future securitization.

Prudential Real Estate Investors. Prudential Real Estate Investors provides asset management services for single-client and commingled private and public real estate portfolios and manufactures and manages a variety of real estate investment vehicles investing in private and public real estate, primarily for institutional clients through offices worldwide. Our domestic and international real estate investment vehicles range from fully diversified open-end funds to specialized closed-end funds that invest in specific types of properties or designated geographic regions or follow other specific investment strategies. Our global real estate organization has an established presence in the U.S., Europe, Asia and Latin America.

Prudential Investments. Prudential Investments manufactures, distributes and services investment management products primarily utilizing proprietary asset management expertise in the U.S. retail market. These products are designed to be sold primarily by financial professionals including both Prudential Agents and third party advisors. We offer a family of retail investment products consisting of 58 mutual funds as of December 31, 2013. These products cover a wide array of investment styles and objectives designed to attract and retain assets of individuals with varying objectives and to accommodate investors’ changing financial needs.

Prudential International Investments. Prudential International Investments manufactures proprietary products and distributes both proprietary and non-proprietary products tailored to meet client needs. Our international investment operations primarily consist of our asset management operations in India and Taiwan, and our operating joint ventures in Italy and Brazil that are accounted for under the equity method.

In addition, we make strategic investments to support the creation and management of funds offered to third-party investors in private and public real estate, fixed income and public equities asset classes. Certain of these investments are made primarily for purposes of co-investment in our managed funds and structured products. Other strategic investments are made with the intention to sell or syndicate to investors, including our general account, or for placement in funds and structured products that we offer and manage (seed investments). We also make loans to, and guarantee obligations of, our managed funds that are secured by equity commitments from investors or assets of the funds.

Marketing and Distribution

We provide investment management services for our institutional customers through a proprietary sales force organized by each asset management business. Each business has an independent marketing and client service team working with clients. Institutional asset management services are also offered through the Retirement segment of our Financial Services Businesses.

Most of the retail customer assets under management are invested in our mutual funds and our variable annuities and variable life insurance products. These assets are gathered by other segments of our Financial Services Businesses and third party networks. Additionally, we work with third party product manufacturers and distributors to include our investment options in their products and platforms.

We also provide investment management services across a broad array of asset classes for our general account, as described under “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—General Account Investments” below.

U.S. Individual Life and Group Insurance Division

The U.S. Individual Life and Group Insurance division conducts its business through the Individual Life and Group Insurance segments.

Individual Life

Our Individual Life segment manufactures and distributes individual variable life, term life and universal life insurance products primarily to the U.S. mass middle, mass affluent and affluent markets. In general, we consider households with investable assets or annual income in excess of $100,000 to be mass affluent and households with investable assets in excess of $250,000 to be affluent in the U.S. market. Our life products are distributed through independent third party distributors and Prudential Agents.

On January 2, 2013, we acquired the individual life insurance business of The Hartford Financial Services Group, Inc. (“The Hartford”) through a reinsurance transaction. Under the agreement, we paid The Hartford cash consideration of $615 million, primarily in the form of a ceding commission, to provide reinsurance for approximately 700,000 life insurance policies with a net retained face amount in force of approximately $141 billion. This acquisition increased our scale in the U.S. individual life insurance market, particularly universal life products, and provided complementary distribution opportunities through expanded wirehouse and bank distribution channels.

Competition

The Individual Life segment competes with large, well-established life insurance companies in a mature market. We compete primarily based on price, service, distribution channel relationships, brand recognition and financial strength. Due to the large number of competitors, pricing is competitive. Factors that could influence our ability to competitively price products while achieving targeted returns include: the cost and availability of financing for statutory reserves required for certain term and universal life insurance policies; the availability, utilization and timing of tax deductions associated with statutory reserves; product designs that impact the amount of statutory reserves and the associated tax deductions; and the level and volatility of interest rates.

We have implemented pricing actions and premium limits in 2013 to manage sales of no-lapse guarantee universal life products. These steps are in line with our strategy to manage the Individual Life business for steady, consistent sales growth across a balanced product portfolio and to avoid overconcentration in any one product type. We will continue to adjust our overall product portfolio based on the market and our strategy. We feel our pricing actions in 2013 have been consistent with those taken by our peer competitors who are committed to the guaranteed universal life market. Smaller competitors have taken this opportunity to improve their price position to gain market share in this space.

Products

Our primary insurance products are term life, variable life and universal life, which represent 39%, 38% and 21%, respectively, of our face amount of individual life insurance in force, net of reinsurance at the end of 2013. Changing marketplace demand has shifted our sales mix primarily towards term life and universal life products.

Term Life Insurance. We offer a variety of term life insurance products that provide coverage for a specified time period. Most term products include a conversion feature that allows the policyholder to convert the policy into permanent life insurance coverage. We also offer term life insurance that provides for a return of premium if the insured is alive at the end of the level premium period. There continues to be significant demand for term life insurance protection.

Variable Life Insurance. We offer several individual variable life insurance products that provide a return linked to an underlying investment portfolio selected by the policyholder while providing the policyholder with the flexibility to change both the death benefit and premium payments. The policyholder generally has the option of investing premiums in a fixed-rate option that is part of our general account or investing in separate account investment options consisting of equity and fixed income funds. Funds invested in the fixed-rate option will accrue interest at rates that we determine, subject to certain contractual minimums. In the separate accounts, the policyholder bears the fund performance risk. We also offer a variable life product that allows for a more flexible guarantee against lapse where policyholders can select the guarantee period. While variable life insurance continues to be an important product, marketplace demand continues to favor term and universal life insurance. A significant portion of Individual Life’s profits, however, is associated with our large in force block of variable policies. Profit patterns on these policies are not level and insureds generally begin paying reduced policy charges as the policies age. This reduction in policy charges, coupled with net policy count and insurance in force runoff over time, reduces our expected future profits from this product line.

Universal Life Insurance. We offer universal life insurance products that feature flexible premiums, a choice of guarantees against lapse, and a crediting rate that we determine, subject to certain contractual minimums. In addition, we offer universal life insurance products that allow the policyholder to allocate a portion of their account balance into an index account that provides a return consistent with the S&P 500 index performance over the following year, subject to certain participation rates and contractual minimums and maximums. Our universal life products also offer a policy rider which allows the policyholder to access accelerated death benefits when a chronic or terminal illness, meeting certain contractual requirements, exists. Individual Life’s profits from universal life insurance are impacted by mortality and expense margins and net interest spread.

Marketing and Distribution

Third Party Distribution. Our individual life products are offered through a variety of third party channels, including independent brokers, wirehouses, banks, general agencies and producer groups. We focus on sales through independent intermediaries who provide life insurance solutions to protect individuals, families and businesses and support estate and wealth transfer planning.

Prudential Agents. Our Prudential Agents distribute Prudential variable, term and universal life insurance, variable and fixed annuities and investment products with proprietary and non-proprietary investment options as well as selected insurance and investment products manufactured by others primarily to customers in the U.S. mass and mass affluent markets, as well as small business owners. Prudential Agents also have access to non-proprietary property and casualty products under distribution agreements entered into with the purchasers of our property and casualty insurance operations, which we sold in 2003, and other third party providers. The number of Prudential Agents was 2,722, 2,615 and 2,529 at December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively.

As mentioned above, the Individual Life segment distributes products offered by the Annuities and Asset Management segments and is paid a market rate by these businesses to distribute their products. These payments may be more or less than the associated distribution costs, and any profit or loss is included in the results of the Individual Life segment.

Underwriting and Pricing

Underwriters generally follow detailed policies and procedures to assess and quantify the risk of our individual life insurance products based on the age, gender, health and occupation of the applicant and amount of insurance requested. We base premiums and policy charges for individual life insurance on expected death benefits, surrender benefits, expenses and required reserves. We use assumptions for mortality and morbidity, interest rates, expenses, policy persistency, premium payment patterns, separate account fund performance and product-generated tax deductions, as well as the level, cost and availability of financing certain statutory reserves, in pricing policies. Deviations in actual experience from our pricing assumptions may adversely or positively impact the profitability of our products.

Reserves

We establish reserves in accordance with U.S. GAAP for future policyholder benefits and expenses. We base these reserves on assumptions we believe to be appropriate for investment yield, persistency, expenses, and mortality and morbidity rates, as well as provisions for adverse deviation, as appropriate. Reserves also include claims reported but not yet paid, and claims incurred but not yet reported. For variable and interest-sensitive life insurance contracts, we establish liabilities for policyholders’ account balances that represent cumulative gross premium payments plus credited interest or fund performance, less withdrawals, expense and cost of insurance charges.

Reinsurance

The Individual Life segment uses reinsurance as a means of managing mortality volatility and risk capacity, which can impact product profitability. On policies sold since 2000, we have reinsured a significant portion of the mortality risk assumed. Commencing in 2013, the maximum exposure we retain for new business is $20 million on both single life policies and second-to-die policies. Over time we have accumulated policies with higher retained exposure which may result in earnings volatility. In addition, certain transactions, such as assumed reinsurance or acquisitions of in force contracts, may cause us to temporarily or permanently exceed these limits on an aggregate basis. We remain liable if a third party reinsurer is for some reason unable to meet its obligations. On a Company-wide basis, we evaluate the financial condition of reinsurers and monitor the concentration of counterparty risk to mitigate this exposure.

Group Insurance

Our Group Insurance segment offers a full range of group life, long-term and short-term group disability, and group corporate-, bank- and trust-owned life insurance in the U.S. primarily to institutional clients for use in connection with employee plans and affinity groups. We also sell accidental death and dismemberment and other ancillary coverages, and provide plan administrative services in connection with our insurance coverages.

Competition

We compete with other large, well-established life and health insurance providers in mature U.S. markets, and are a top provider of both group life and disability insurance. We compete primarily based on price, strong brand recognition, service capabilities, customer relationships, financial stability and range of product offerings. Pricing of group insurance products reflects the large number of competitors in the marketplace. The majority of our premiums are derived from large corporations, affinity groups or other organizations having over 10,000 insured individuals. We have a strong portfolio of products and the capability to offer customized benefit solutions, providing opportunities for continuing stabilized premiums. Employee-paid (voluntary) coverage has become increasingly important as employers attempt to control costs and shift benefit decisions/funding to employees who continue to value benefits offered at the workplace. Our profitability is dependent, in part, on penetration in the voluntary coverage marketplace, which will be affected by future employment and compensation rates.

Products

Group Life Insurance. Our portfolio of group life insurance products consists of employer-paid (basic) and employee-paid coverages, including term life insurance for employees and employees’ dependents as well as group universal life insurance. We offer group variable universal life insurance, basic and voluntary accidental death and dismemberment insurance, business travel accident insurance and a critical illness product. Many of our employee-paid coverages allow employees to retain their coverage when they change employers or retire. We also offer waiver of premium coverage where required premiums are waived in the event the insured suffers a qualifying disability.

Our group corporate-, bank- and trust-owned life insurance products are group variable life insurance contracts utilizing separate accounts, and are typically used by large corporations to fund deferred compensation plans and benefit plans for retired employees.

Group Disability Insurance. We offer short- and long-term group disability insurance, which protects against loss of wages due to illness or injury, as well as plan administrative services and absence management services. Disability benefits are limited to a portion, generally 50% to 70%, of the insured’s earned income up to a specified maximum benefit. Short-term disability generally provides a weekly benefit for three to six months, while long-term disability benefits are paid monthly, following a waiting period (usually 90 or 180 days, during which short-term disability may be provided) and generally continue until the insured returns to work or reaches normal retirement age.

Marketing and Distribution

Group Insurance has its own dedicated sales force that is organized around market segments and distributes primarily through employee benefit brokers and consultants.

Underwriting and Pricing

We follow standard underwriting practices and procedures, and have developed standard rating systems for each product line based on Company, industry and/or other experience. We assess the risk profile of prospective insured groups; however, certain voluntary products or coverages may require underwriting on an individual basis. We are not obligated to accept any individual policy applications, and may require a prospective insured to submit evidence of insurability.

We maintain a disciplined approach to pricing our group life and disability insurance products. We base pricing of group insurance products on the expected pay-out of benefits and other costs that we calculate using assumptions for mortality, morbidity, interest, expenses and persistency, depending upon the specific product features. On many of our group policies, we provide for multiple year rate guarantees, which can contribute to fluctuations in profitability. For certain policies with experience rated return provisions, the final premium is adjusted to reflect the client’s actual experience during the past year. For these policies, the group contractholder bears some of the risk, or receives some of the benefit, associated with claim experience fluctuations, thus lessening the fluctuations in profitability.

Reserves

We establish reserves in accordance with U.S. GAAP for future policyholder benefits and expenses. We base these reserves on assumptions we believe to be appropriate for mortality and morbidity rates, investment yields, and expenses. Reserves also include claims reported but not yet paid, and claims incurred but not yet reported. We also establish a liability for policyholders’ account balances that represent cumulative deposits plus credited interest or fund performance, less withdrawals, and expense and cost of insurance charges, as applicable.

Reinsurance

We use reinsurance to limit losses from large claims, and in response to client requests. We remain liable if a third party reinsurer is for some reason unable to meet its obligations. On a Company-wide basis, we evaluate the financial condition of reinsurers and monitor concentration of counterparty risk to mitigate this exposure.

International Insurance Division

The International Insurance division conducts its business through the International Insurance segment.

International Insurance

Our International Insurance segment manufactures and distributes individual life insurance, retirement and related products, including certain health products with fixed benefits. We provide these products to the broad middle income market across Japan through multiple distribution channels including banks, independent agencies and Life Consultants, who are associated with our Gibraltar Life operations. We also provide similar products to the mass affluent and affluent markets in Japan, Korea and other countries outside the U.S. through our Life Planner operations. We commenced sales in non-U.S. markets through our Life Planner operations, as follows: Japan, 1988; Taiwan, 1990; Italy, 1990; Korea, 1991; Brazil, 1998; Argentina, 1999; Poland, 2000; and Mexico, 2006. We continue to seek opportunities for expansion into high-growth markets in targeted countries.

For the year ended December 31, 2013, our Life Planner and Gibraltar Life operations in Japan represented 31% and 60%, respectively, of the net premiums, policy charges and fee income of the International Insurance segment, and in aggregate, represented 55% of the net premiums, policy charges and fee income of the Financial Services Businesses, translated on the basis of weighted average monthly exchange rates.

In addition to the operations discussed above, we have a 26% interest in a life insurance joint venture in India, the maximum currently allowed by regulation in India. As of January 2014, we also have a 70% interest in an established life insurance business in Malaysia.

We manage each operation on a stand-alone basis with local management and sales teams, with oversight by senior executives based in Asia, Latin America and Newark, New Jersey. Each operation has its own marketing, underwriting, claims, investment management and actuarial functions. In addition, significant portions of the general account investment portfolios are managed by our Asset Management segment, primarily through international subsidiaries. Operations generally invest in local currency securities, primarily bonds issued by the local government or its agencies. In our larger operations, we have more diversified portfolios that also include U.S. dollar-denominated investments, in large part to support products issued in U.S. dollars and as part of our foreign exchange hedging strategy. In addition, our Gibraltar Life operations have Australian dollar-denominated investments that support products issued in that currency.

Acquisition of the Star and Edison Businesses

On February 1, 2011, Prudential Financial completed the acquisition from American International Group, Inc. of the “Star and Edison Businesses,” which significantly increased our scale in the Japanese life insurance market. The Star and Edison companies were merged into Gibraltar Life on January 1, 2012. Integration of these companies is nearly complete. As of December 31, 2013, approximately 85% of our anticipated $400 million of pre-tax integration costs has been incurred and we have substantially reached our expected level of synergies, with cost savings of approximately $250 million per year. See Note 3 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for further information.

Competition

The life insurance markets in Japan and Korea are mature and pricing is competitive. Rather than competing based on price, we generally compete on the basis of customer service, including our needs-based approach to selling, the quality and diversity of our distribution capabilities, and our financial strength. The aging population throughout Asia creates an increasing need for product innovation, introducing insurance products which allow for savings and income as the population transitions to retirement. The ability to sell through multiple and complementary distribution channels is a competitive advantage. However, competition for sales personnel, as well as access to third party distribution channels, is intense.

Products

Our international insurance operations have a diversified product mix, primarily denominated in local currencies and emphasizing death protection while supporting the growing demand for retirement and savings products. We classify our products into four general categories: life insurance protection, accident & health, retirement and annuity, which represented 60%, 8%, 22% and 10%, respectively, of full year 2013 annualized new business premiums on a constant exchange rate basis. Each product category is described below:

Life Insurance Protection Products. We offer various traditional whole life products that provide either level or increasing coverage, and offer limited or lifetime premium payment options. We also offer increasing, decreasing and level benefit term insurance products that provide coverage for a specified time period, as well as protection-oriented variable universal life products. Some of these protection products are denominated in U.S. dollars and some are sold as bundled products which, in addition to death protection, include health benefits or savings elements. In addition, prior to October 1, 2013, we offered a yen-denominated single premium reduced death benefit whole life product. Premiums associated with this product represented approximately 5% and 10% of the Company’s total consolidated revenue for 2013 and 2012, respectively.

Accident and Health Products. In most of our operations, we offer accident and health products with fixed benefits, some of which include a high savings element. These products provide benefits to cover accidental death and dismemberment, hospitalization, surgeries, cancer and other dread diseases, most of which are sold as supplementary riders and not as stand-alone products. We also offer waiver of premium coverage where required premiums are waived in the event the customer suffers a qualifying disability.

Retirement Products. We offer a variety of retirement products, including endowments, savings variable universal life and retirement income. Endowments provide payment of the face amount on the earlier of death or policy maturity. Variable universal life products provide a non-guaranteed return linked to an underlying investment portfolio of equity and fixed income funds selected by the customer. Retirement Income is a product which combines insurance protection similar to term life with a lifetime income stream which commences at a predefined age.

Annuity Products. Annuity products are primarily represented by U.S. and Australian dollar-denominated fixed annuities sold by our Gibraltar Life operations. Sales and surrenders of non-yen products are sensitive to foreign currency relationships which are impacted by, among other things, the comparative interest rates in the respective countries. Most of our annuity products impose a market value adjustment if the contract is not held to maturity.

Marketing and Distribution

Our International Insurance segment distributes its products through multiple distribution channels. This includes two captive agent models, Life Planners and Life Consultants, as well as bank and independent agency third party distribution channels. For additional information on headcount for our captive agents, see “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Results of Operations for Financial Services Businesses by Segment—International Insurance Division.”

Life Planners. Our Life Planner model differentiates us from competitors in the countries where we do business by focusing on selling protection-oriented life insurance products on a needs basis to mass affluent and affluent customers, as well as retirement-oriented products to small businesses. We believe that our recruiting and selection process, training programs and compensation packages are key to the Life Planner model and have helped our Life Planner operations achieve higher rates of agent retention, agent productivity and policy persistency than our local competitors. The attributes considered when recruiting new Life Planners generally include but are not limited to: University/College degree, no prior life insurance sales experience, a minimum of two years of sales or sales management experience, and a pattern of job stability and success. The number of Life Planners as of December 31, 2013 and 2012 were 7,248 and 7,058, respectively.

Life Consultants. Our Life Consultants are the proprietary distribution force for products offered by our Gibraltar Life operations. Their focus is to provide individual protection products to the broad middle income market in Japan, particularly through relationships with affinity groups. Our Life Consultant operation is based

on a variable compensation plan designed to improve productivity and persistency that is similar to compensation plans in our Life Planner operations. The number of Life Consultants as of December 31, 2013 and 2012 were 9,327 and 11,333, respectively.

Bank Distribution Channel. Our Gibraltar Life operation has been selling its products through banks since 2006. Bank distribution channel sales primarily consist of products intended to provide savings features and premature death protection, and retirement income as well as fixed annuity products primarily denominated in U.S. and Australian dollars. Sales in this channel from 2012 through September 30, 2013, were highly concentrated in the yen-denominated single premium reduced death benefit whole life product discussed above. We view the bank distribution channel as a supplement to our core Life Planner and Life Consultant distribution channels and will pursue it on an opportunistic basis with a focus on profitable growth.

A significant portion of our sales in Japan through our bank channel distribution are derived through a single Japanese mega-bank. However, we have relationships with Japan’s four largest banks as well as many regional banks, and we continue to explore opportunities to expand our distribution capabilities through this channel, as appropriate.

Independent Agency Distribution Channel. Our independent agency channel sells protection products and high cash value products for retirement benefits through the business market and sells a variety of other products including protection, medical and fixed annuity products through the individual market. Our focus is to maintain a diverse mix of independent agency relationships including accounting firms, corporate agencies and independent agencies with a balanced focus on individual and business markets. We differentiate ourselves by providing quality service to producers in this distribution channel.

Underwriting and Pricing

Our International Insurance segment is subject to substantial local regulation that is generally more restrictive for product offerings, pricing and structure than U.S. insurance regulation. Each International Insurance operation has its own underwriting department that employs variations of U.S. practices in underwriting individual policy risks. In setting underwriting limits, we also consider local industry standards to prevent adverse selection and to stay abreast of industry trends. In addition, we set underwriting limits together with each operation’s reinsurers.

Pricing of similar products is generally consistent in each of our countries. The profitability of our products is primarily impacted by differences between actual mortality and morbidity experience and the assumptions used in pricing these policies and as a result, can fluctuate from period to period. However, we anticipate over the long-term to achieve the aggregate mortality and morbidity levels reflected in the assumptions used in pricing.

Reserves

We establish reserves in accordance with U.S. GAAP for future policyholder benefits and expenses. We base these reserves on assumptions we believe to be appropriate for investment yield, persistency, expenses, mortality and morbidity rates, as well as provisions for adverse deviation, as appropriate. For variable and interest-sensitive life products, as well as most annuity products, we establish liabilities for policyholders’ account balances that represent cumulative deposits plus credited interest, less withdrawals, and expense and cost of insurance charges.

Reinsurance

International Insurance reinsures portions of its insurance risks, primarily mortality, with selected third party reinsurers. We remain liable if a third party reinsurer is for some reason unable to meet its obligations. On a Company-wide basis, we evaluate the financial condition of reinsurers and monitor the concentration of credit risk to mitigate this exposure.

Corporate and Other

Corporate and Other includes corporate operations, after allocations to our business segments, and divested businesses except for those that qualify for “discontinued operations” accounting treatment under U.S. GAAP.

Corporate Operations

Corporate operations consist primarily of: (1) investment returns on capital that is not deployed in any business segments; (2) returns from investments not allocated to business segments, including debt-financed investment portfolios, as well as tax credit investments and other tax enhanced investments financed by business segments; (3) capital debt that is used or will be used to meet the capital requirements of the Company and the related interest expense; (4) income and expense from qualified pension and other employee benefit plans, after allocations to business segments; (5) corporate-level income and expense, after allocations to business segments, including corporate governance, corporate advertising, philanthropic activities, deferred compensation, and costs related to certain contingencies and enhanced regulatory supervision; (6) certain retained obligations relating to pre-demutualization policyholders whom we had previously agreed to provide insurance for reduced or no premium in accordance with contractual settlements related to prior individual life insurance sales practices remediation; (7) results related to a life insurance joint venture and an asset management joint venture in China; (8) results related to our Capital Protection Framework; and (9) the impact of transactions with and between other segments.

Corporate operations include results related to our Capital Protection Framework, which we employ as part of our capital management strategy. The framework considers the potential capital impacts under a range of market-related stresses for which we hold on-balance sheet capital and maintain access to committed sources of capital. It includes, among other initiatives, the following:

•

Our capital hedge program which broadly addresses the equity market exposure of the statutory capital of the Company as a whole, under stress scenarios.

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The potential capital consequences of our living benefits hedging program, covering certain risks associated with our variable annuity products. The results of the living benefits hedging program are recorded in our Individual Annuities segment, as described under “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—U.S. Retirement Solutions and Investment Management Division—Individual Annuities.”

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The potential capital consequences under stress scenarios of our decision to less than fully hedge certain capital market risks associated with various operations of the Financial Services Businesses.

We assess the composition of these hedging programs on an ongoing basis, and we may change them from time to time based on our evaluation of the Company’s risk position or other factors. For additional information on our Capital Protection Framework, see “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Liquidity and Capital Resources—Capital—Capital Protection Framework.”

Divested Businesses

Divested Businesses reflect the results of the following businesses that have been or will be sold or exited, including businesses that have been placed in wind down, that did not qualify for “discontinued operations” accounting treatment under U.S. GAAP. We exclude these results from our adjusted operating income. See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Consolidated Results of Operations—Segment Measures” for an explanation of adjusted operating income.

Long-Term Care. In March 2012, we discontinued sales of our individual long-term care products, and in July, 2012, we announced our decision to cease sales of group long-term care insurance effective August 1, 2012, or a later date where required by specific state law. Prudential ceased accepting new business applications as of June 30, 2013 for its group long-term care insurance product line, with the exception of a few cases that will remain open for new business due to contractual provisions.

We establish reserves in accordance with U.S. GAAP for future policyholder benefits and expenses. We base these reserves on assumptions we believe to be appropriate for morbidity, mortality, persistency, expenses and interest rates. Our assumptions have also factored in our estimate of the timing and amount of anticipated premium increases which will require state approval. Reserves also include claims reported but not yet paid and claims incurred but not yet reported.

Residential Real Estate Brokerage Franchise and Relocation Services. In 2011, we sold our real estate brokerage franchise and relocation services businesses to Brookfield Asset Management, Inc. (“Brookfield”), but retained ownership of a financing subsidiary with debt and equity investments in a limited number of real estate brokerage franchises, which we have substantially exited.

Property and Casualty Insurance. In 2003, we sold our property and casualty insurance companies to Liberty Mutual Group, or Liberty Mutual. We have reinsured Liberty Mutual for adverse loss development for specific property and casualty risks that Liberty Mutual did not want to retain. We believe that we have adequately reserved for our remaining property and casualty obligations under these reinsurance contracts based on the current information available.

Individual Health and Disability Insurance. We ceased writing individual disability income policies in 1992, and a year later ceased writing hospital expense and major medical policies. Most of our individual disability income policies are non-cancelable; however, we reinsured all of these policies as of July 1999. For our hospital expense and major medical policies, the 1997 Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act guarantees renewal. Under certain circumstances, with appropriate approvals from state regulatory authorities, we are permitted to change the premiums charged for these policies if we can demonstrate the premiums have not been sufficient to pay claims. We establish reserves in accordance with U.S. GAAP for future policyholder benefits and expenses.

Other. In addition to the businesses described above, the results of Divested Businesses also include the following:

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On July 1, 2013, we sold our wealth management solutions business to Envestnet, Inc. We will continue to have an ongoing relationship with these operations until the contractual terms of the sale are fulfilled.

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In 2008, we announced our intention to exit our financial advisory business, which consisted of our investment in a retail securities brokerage and clearing operations joint venture which was sold on December 31, 2009. Certain expenses relating to the businesses we originally contributed to the joint venture were retained, primarily for litigation and regulatory matters.

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In 2000, we announced a restructuring of Prudential Securities’ activities and subsequently exited the lead-managed equity underwriting business for corporate issuers and the institutional fixed income business.

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We have not actively engaged in the assumed life reinsurance market in the United States since the early 1990s; however, we remain subject to mortality risk for certain assumed individual life insurance policies under the terms of the reinsurance treaties. In 2000, we sold our interest in Prudential of America Life Insurance Company, or PALIC, but remain subject to mortality risk for certain assumed individual life insurance policies sold by PALIC under the terms of the reinsurance treaties. We establish reserves in accordance with U.S. GAAP for future policyholder benefits and expenses. As of December 31, 2013, the net amount at risk was $16 million.

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In addition to the above, we indemnified the purchaser of PALIC for certain liabilities with respect to claims related to sales practices or market conduct issues arising from operations prior to the sale.

Discontinued Operations

Discontinued operations reflect the results of businesses which qualified for “discontinued operations” accounting treatment under U.S. GAAP. We discontinued our global commodities operations in the second quarter of 2011 and subsequently sold these operations in the third quarter of 2011. We also have certain direct real estate investments that are sold, or held for sale, that may require “discontinued operations” accounting treatment under U.S. GAAP.

Closed Block Business

In connection with the demutualization in 2001, we ceased offering domestic participating individual life insurance and annuity products, under which policyholders are eligible to receive policyholder dividends reflecting experience. The liabilities for our individual in force participating products were segregated, together with assets used exclusively for the payment of benefits and policyholder dividends, expenses and taxes with respect to these products, in the Closed Block. We selected the amount of Closed Block Assets that were expected to generate sufficient cash flow, together with anticipated revenues from the Closed Block Policies, over the life of the Closed Block to fund payments of all expenses, taxes, and policyholder benefits and to provide for the continuation of the policyholder dividend scales in effect in 2000, assuming experience underlying such scales continued. For accounting purposes, we also segregated the Surplus and Related Assets that we needed to hold outside the Closed Block to meet capital requirements related to the policies included within the Closed Block at the time of demutualization. No policies sold after demutualization will be added to the Closed Block, and its in force business is expected to decline as we pay policyholder benefits in full. We also expect the proportion of our business represented by the Closed Block to decline as we grow other businesses. The Closed Block forms the principal component of the Closed Block Business. As of December 31, 2013, total attributed equity of the Closed Block Business represented 4% of the Company’s total attributed equity. For additional discussion of the Closed Block Business, see “—Demutualization and Separation of the Businesses—Separation of the Businesses” above.

As discussed in Note 12 to the Consolidated Financial Statements, if the performance of the Closed Block is more or less favorable than we originally assumed in funding, total dividends paid to Closed Block policyholders in the future may be greater or less than the total dividends that would have been paid to these policyholders if the policyholder dividend scales in effect in 2000 had been continued. Any cash flows in excess of amounts assumed may be available for distribution over time to Closed Block policyholders as part of policyholder dividends unless offset by future Closed Block experience that is less favorable than expected. These cash flows will not be available to shareholders. A policyholder dividend obligation liability is established for any excess cash flows. Each year, the Board of Directors of Prudential Insurance determines the dividends payable on participating policies for the following year based on the experience of the Closed Block, including investment income, net realized and unrealized investment gains, mortality experience and other factors. See Note 22 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for revenues, income and loss, and total assets of the Closed Block Business.

Our strategy for the Closed Block Business is to maintain the Closed Block as required by our Plan of Reorganization over the time period of its gradual diminishment as policyholder benefits are paid in full. We are permitted under the Plan of Reorganization, with the prior consent of the New Jersey Commissioner of Banking and Insurance, to enter into agreements to transfer to a third party all or any part of the risks under the Closed Block policies. The long-term risks associated with the Closed Block Business are 90% reinsured (subject to certain caps) including, 17% reinsured by affiliates. We also reinsure 90% of the short-term risks associated with the Closed Block Business to an affiliate, which is supported by a letter of credit facility with unaffiliated financial institutions. Reinsurance of the Closed Block Business is reported in the Corporate and Other operations within the Financial Services Businesses. See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Liquidity and Capital Resources” for more information on the Closed Block reinsurance arrangements, as well as Note 13 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional discussion on the accounting for these reinsurance arrangements.

Intangible and Intellectual Property

We capture and protect the innovation in our financial services products by applying for federal business method patents and implementing trade secret controls, as appropriate. We also use numerous federal, state, common law and foreign servicemarks, including in particular “Prudential”, “Prudential Financial”, the “Prudential logo” and our “Rock” symbol. We believe that the value associated with many of our patents and trade secrets, and the goodwill associated with many of our servicemarks are significant competitive assets in the U.S.

On April 20, 2004, we entered into an agreement with Prudential plc of the United Kingdom, with whom we have no affiliation, concerning the parties’ respective rights worldwide to use the names “Prudential” and “Pru.” The agreement restricts use of the “Prudential” and “Pru” name and mark in a number of countries outside the Americas, including Europe and most parts of Asia. Where these limitations apply, we combine our “Rock” symbol with alternative word marks. We believe that these limitations do not materially affect our ability to operate or expand internationally.

Competition

In each of our businesses, we face intense competition from insurance companies, asset managers and diversified financial institutions in the U.S. and abroad. Many of our competitors are large and well-established and some have greater market share or breadth of distribution, offer a broader range of products, services or features, assume a greater level of risk, have lower profitability expectations or have higher financial strength or credit ratings than we do. We compete in our businesses based on a number of factors including brand recognition, reputation, quality of service, quality of investment advice, investment performance of our products, product features, scope of distribution and distribution arrangements, price, risk management capabilities, capital management capabilities, and financial strength and credit ratings. The relative importance of these factors varies across our products, services and the markets we serve. The competitive landscape is, and will be, impacted by the various regulatory frameworks applied to us and our competitors.

Competition for personnel in our businesses is intense, including for executive officers and management personnel, Prudential Agents, Life Planners, Life Consultants and other sales personnel, and our investment managers. In the ordinary course of business, we lose personnel from time to time in whom we have invested significant training. We direct substantial efforts to recruit and retain our insurance agents and employees and to increase their productivity. Competition for desirable non-affiliated distribution channels is also intense.

Additional factors affecting the competitive landscape for our products and services are discussed within the descriptions of our business segments above.

Regulation

Overview

Our businesses are subject to comprehensive regulation and supervision. The purpose of these regulations is primarily to protect our customers and the overall financial system and not necessarily our shareholders. Many of the laws and regulations to which we are subject are regularly re-examined, and existing or future laws and regulations may become more restrictive or otherwise adversely affect our operations. The financial market dislocations in recent years produced, and are expected to continue to produce, extensive changes in existing laws and regulations, and regulatory frameworks, applicable to our businesses in the U.S. and internationally, including the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act discussed below.

Regulation Affecting Prudential Financial

Prudential Financial is the holding company for all of our operations and is subject to supervision by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (“FRB”) as a “Designated Financial Company” pursuant to the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act. Prudential Financial is also subject to regulation as an insurance holding company under applicable insurance laws. As a company with publicly-traded securities, Prudential Financial is subject to legal and regulatory requirements applicable generally to public companies, including the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) and the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) relating to public reporting and disclosure, securities trading, accounting and financial reporting, and corporate governance matters.

Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act

As part of the federal government’s response to the financial crisis, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (“Dodd-Frank”) was signed into law in July 2010. Dodd-Frank directs government agencies and bodies to conduct certain studies and promulgate regulations implementing the law, a process that is underway and expected to continue. Dodd-Frank subjects us to substantial additional federal regulation, primarily as a “Designated Financial Company” as discussed below. We cannot predict with any certainty the results of the studies or the requirements of the regulations recently or not yet adopted or how Dodd-Frank and such regulations will affect the financial markets generally, impact our business, credit or financial strength ratings, results of operations, cash flows or financial condition or make it advisable or require us to hold or raise additional capital.

Regulation as a Designated Financial Company

Dodd-Frank established a Financial Stability Oversight Council (“Council”) which is authorized to subject non-bank financial companies such as Prudential Financial to stricter prudential standards and to supervision by the FRB (a “Designated Financial Company”) if the Council determines that material financial distress at the company or the scope of the company’s activities could pose a threat to the financial stability of the U.S. On September 19, 2013, the Council made a final determination that Prudential Financial is a Designated Financial Company. As a Designated Financial Company, Prudential Financial is now subject to supervision and examination by the Federal Reserve Bank of Boston and to stricter prudential standards, which include or will include requirements and limitations (some of which are the subject of ongoing rule-making) relating to risk-based capital, leverage, liquidity, stress-testing, overall risk management, resolution plans, early remediation, management interlocks and credit concentration; and may also include additional standards regarding capital, public disclosure, short-term debt limits, and other related subjects at the discretion of the FRB and the Council.

Under Dodd-Frank, key aspects of regulation as a Designated Financial Company include:

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In December 2011, the FRB published for comment proposed rules implementing certain of these standards. Under the proposed rules, a Designated Financial Company would be required to calculate its minimum risk-based capital and leverage requirements as if it were a bank holding company in accordance with capital requirements published by the FRB for bank holding companies (as further discussed below) and be subject to the minimum risk-based capital and leverage ratios that were in effect for insured depository institutions at the time of the proposed rules: a minimum Tier-1 risk-based capital ratio of 4%, a total risk-based capital ratio of 8% and a Tier 1 leverage ratio of 4%. We cannot predict whether the final rules implementing these standards will require compliance with these proposed minimum ratios, the more stringent minimum ratios currently in effect for insured depository institutions, or other minimum ratios to be established by the FRB. However, the proposed rules indicate that the FRB may consider that adjustments to such requirements may be appropriate with respect to Designated Financial Companies. Designated Financial Companies of our size would be required to submit annual capital plans to the FRB demonstrating their ability to satisfy the required capital ratios under baseline and stressed conditions. The FRB indicated in the proposed rules that it intends to issue, in addition to such capital requirements, a proposal requiring a risk-based capital surcharge for such companies, or a subset thereof. The proposed rules also include enhanced liquidity requirements, which would require Designated Financial Companies to maintain a liquidity buffer of highly liquid unencumbered assets sufficient to meet projected cash flows under required stress-testing, and to establish and maintain a contingency funding plan and concentration and other exposure limits to address liquidity needs and risk. Under the proposed rules, a Designated Financial Company would be required to limit its credit exposure to any unaffiliated entity (including sovereign issuers other than the United States) to no more than 25% of its consolidated capital stock and surplus or to no more than 10% with respect to any “major counterparty,” which includes any Designated Financial Company or bank holding company with more than $500 billion of total consolidated assets.

The proposed rules implement, as required by Dodd-Frank, the establishment of an “early remediation” regime, whereby failure to meet defined measures of financial condition (including exceeding certain capital and leverage ratios or market indicator thresholds, the occurrence of adverse stress test results or other financial triggers) would result in remedial action by the FRB. Depending on the degree of financial

distress, such remedial action could result in: heightened FRB supervisory review; limitations or prohibitions on capital distributions, acquisitions and/or asset growth; requirements to raise additional capital or take other actions to improve capital adequacy; limitations on transactions with affiliates; restrictions on product offerings and/or requirements to sell assets; or recommendation for resolution under the special orderly liquidation process discussed further below. The proposed rules would require that a Designated Financial Company determined by the Council to pose a grave threat to financial stability of the U.S., maintain a debt-to-equity ratio of no more than 15-to-1 until the limitation is no longer necessary.

We cannot predict the form in which these proposed regulations ultimately will be adopted. Dodd-Frank authorizes the FRB to tailor its application of enhanced prudential standards to different companies on an individual basis or by category, taking into consideration financial activities involved and other factors. The FRB has stated that it expects to take into account the differences among bank holding companies and Designated Financial Companies, including insurance companies, when applying these enhanced prudential standards. Nevertheless, we cannot predict how the FRB will apply these prudential standards to us as a Designated Financial Company.

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Section 171 of Dodd-Frank (the Collins Amendment) requires that Designated Financial Companies be subject to capital requirements that are no less stringent than the requirements generally applicable to insured depository institutions and that are not quantitatively lower than the requirements in effect for insured depository institutions as of July 21, 2010. In July 2013, the FRB approved final rules, based on accords established by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision, that substantially revise the risk-based capital requirements applicable to bank holding companies compared to the current general risk-based capital rules. The rules include provisions affecting the calculation of regulatory capital and risk-weighting of assets, and establish new minimum risk-based capital and leverage ratios and a capital conservation buffer and countercyclical capital buffer. The FRB has also proposed a supplemental leverage ratio for a subset of large banking organizations. The final rules also eliminate the use of external credit ratings to determine risk-weights for regulatory capital purposes. Although Designated Financial Companies are not directly subject to the final rules, and the final rules exempt savings and loan holding companies that are predominantly engaged in insurance activities, the final rules may serve as a “floor” for Designated Financial Companies such as Prudential under the Collins Amendment and provide the basis for the enhanced prudential standards to be applied by the FRB to Designated Financial Companies. Regulations that have been adopted to date include a modification to the general risk-based capital rules in order to address appropriate capital requirements for low-risk assets held by non-bank financial companies such as Prudential Financial, and would permit flexibility in the application of certain capital requirements imposed by Dodd-Frank to non-bank financial companies. We cannot predict what capital regulations the FRB will promulgate with respect to Designated Financial Companies or how or when such capital regulations will be applied to Prudential Financial.

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As a Designated Financial Company, we are subject to stress tests to be promulgated by the FRB to determine whether, on a consolidated basis, we have the capital necessary to absorb losses as a result of adverse economic conditions. We will be required to submit to annual stress tests conducted by the FRB and to conduct internal annual and semi-annual stress tests to be provided to the FRB. Under final rules published by the FRB in October 2012, Designated Financial Companies must comply with these requirements the calendar year after the year in which a company first becomes subject to the FRB’s minimum regulatory capital requirements discussed above, although the FRB has the discretion to accelerate or extend the effective date. The final rules require baseline, adverse and severely adverse scenarios to be used. The FRB will provide the scenarios to be used in the internal annual stress tests, although companies will be required to develop their own scenarios for the internal semi-annual stress tests. The FRB has indicated that it may tailor the application of the stress test requirements to Designated Financial Companies on an individual basis or by category. Summary results of such stress tests would be required to be publicly disclosed. We cannot predict the manner in which the stress tests will ultimately be designed, conducted and disclosed with respect to Prudential Financial or whether the results of such stress tests will cause us to alter our business practices or affect the perceptions of regulators, rating agencies, customers, counterparties or investors of our financial strength.

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Under final rules published by the FRB and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) in November 2011, we are required as a Designated Financial Company to submit to the FRB and FDIC, and periodically update in the event of material events, an annual plan for rapid and orderly dissolution in the event of severe financial distress.

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As a Designated Financial Company, Prudential Financial must seek pre-approval from the FRB for acquisition of certain companies engaged in financial activities.

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The Council may recommend that state insurance regulators or other regulators apply new or heightened standards and safeguards for activities or practices we and other insurers or other financial services companies engage in. We cannot predict whether any such recommendations will be made or their effect on our business, results of operations, cash flows or financial condition.

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As a Designated Financial Company, we could be subject to additional capital requirements for, and other restrictions on, proprietary trading and sponsorship of, and investment in, hedge, private equity and other covered funds.

Other Regulation under Dodd-Frank

Other key aspects of Dodd-Frank’s impact on us include:

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Dodd-Frank creates a new framework for regulation of the over-the-counter (“OTC”) derivatives markets which could impact various activities of Prudential Global Funding LLC (“PGF”), Prudential Financial and our insurance subsidiaries, which use derivatives for various purposes (including hedging interest rate, foreign currency and equity market exposures). Dodd-Frank generally requires swaps, subject to a determination by the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (“CFTC”) or SEC as to which swaps are covered, entered into by all counterparties except non-financial end users to be executed through a centralized exchange or regulated facility and to be cleared through a regulated clearinghouse. The CFTC has made a determination that certain categories of swaps, including certain types of interest rate swaps, will be subject to the mandatory clearing requirement; it is anticipated that other categories of swaps will become subject to this requirement in the future. Swap dealers and major swap participants (“MSPs”) are subject to capital and margin (i.e., collateral) requirements that will be imposed by the applicable prudential regulator or the CFTC or SEC, as well as business conduct rules and reporting requirements. In November 2012, the Secretary of the Treasury determined to exclude most foreign currency swaps and forwards from the foregoing requirements. We believe Prudential Financial, PGF and our insurance subsidiaries should not be considered dealers or MSPs subject to registration and the capital and margin requirements. In April, 2013, the CFTC adopted a rule to exempt certain affiliated entities within a corporate group from the foregoing clearing requirements. This exemption is available for swaps entered into between PGF, Prudential Financial and our insurance subsidiaries, subject to certain conditions, including compliance with documentation and reporting requirements. The SEC and CFTC have issued regulations defining “swaps” and are required to determine whether and how “stable value contracts” should be treated as swaps and, although we believe otherwise, various other products offered by our insurance subsidiaries might be treated as swaps; if regulated as swaps, we cannot predict how the rules would be applied to such products or the effect on their profitability or attractiveness to our clients. Finally, the new regulatory scheme imposed on all market participants may increase the costs of hedging generally and, because banking institutions will be required to conduct at least a portion of their OTC derivatives businesses outside their depositary institutions, may affect the credit risk these counterparties pose to us and the degree to which we are able to enter into transactions with such counterparties. We cannot predict the effect of the foregoing on our hedging costs, our hedging strategy or implementation thereof or whether we will need or choose to increase and/or change the composition of the risks we do not hedge.

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Dodd-Frank established a Federal Insurance Office (“FIO”) within the Department of the Treasury headed by a director appointed by the Secretary of the Treasury. While not having a general supervisory or regulatory authority over the business of insurance, the FIO director performs various functions with respect to insurance, including serving as a non-voting member of the Council and coordinating with the FRB in the application of any stress tests required to be conducted with respect to an insurer. On December 12, 2013, FIO issued its report, as required under Dodd-Frank, on how to modernize and improve the system of insurance regulation in the United States. In its report, FIO advocates closer

coordination between state insurance regulators and a harmonization of state insurance laws across a number of insurance regulatory issues and responsibilities and also makes recommendations for direct federal involvement in certain areas of insurance regulation.

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Title II of Dodd-Frank provides that a financial company may be subject to a special orderly liquidation process outside the federal bankruptcy code, administered by the FDIC as receiver, upon a determination (with the approval of the FIO director if—as is true with respect to Prudential Financial—the largest United States subsidiary is an insurer) that the company is in default or in danger of default and presents a systemic risk to U.S. financial stability. Were Prudential Financial subject to such a proceeding, our U.S. insurance subsidiaries would remain subject to rehabilitation and liquidation proceedings under state law, although the FDIC has discretion and authority to initiate resolution of an insurer under state law if its state insurance regulator has not filed the appropriate judicial action within 60 days of a systemic risk determination. However, our non-insurance U.S. subsidiaries engaged in financial activities would be subject to any special orderly liquidation process so commenced.

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Dodd-Frank includes various securities law reforms that may affect our business practices and the liabilities and/or exposures associated therewith. In January 2011, the SEC staff issued a study that recommends that the SEC adopt a uniform federal fiduciary standard of conduct for registered broker-dealers and investment advisers that provide retail investors personalized investment advice about securities.

International and Global Regulatory Initiatives

In addition to the adoption of Dodd-Frank in the United States, lawmakers around the world are actively reviewing the causes of the financial crisis and exploring steps to avoid similar problems in the future. In many respects, this work is being led by the Financial Stability Board (“FSB”), consisting of representatives of national financial authorities of the G20 nations. The G20, the FSB and related governmental bodies have developed proposals to address such issues as financial group supervision, capital and solvency standards, systemic economic risk, corporate governance including executive compensation, and a host of related issues associated with responses to the financial crisis.

On July 18, 2013, the FSB identified Prudential Financial as a global systemically important insurer (“G-SII”). U.S. financial regulators are thereby expected to enhance their regulation of Prudential Financial to achieve a number of regulatory objectives, including:

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Enhanced group-wide supervision,

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Enhanced capital standards, including basic capital requirements applicable to all group activities and, for business deemed to be non-traditional/non-insurance, higher loss absorption capacity requirements (expected to begin to be implemented in 2019),

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Enhanced liquidity planning and management, and

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Development of a risk reduction plan (expected to be completed within 12 months of G-SII designation) and recovery and resolution plans (expected to be developed and agreed by the end of 2014).

Policy measures applicable to G-SIIs would need to be implemented by legislation or regulation in each applicable jurisdiction. We cannot predict the outcome of our identification as a G-SII on the regulation of our businesses.

At the direction of the FSB, the International Association of Insurance Supervisors (the “IAIS”) is developing a model framework (“ComFrame”) for the supervision of internationally active insurance groups (“IAIGs”) that contemplates “group wide supervision” across national boundaries. Prudential Financial qualifies as an IAIG. In October 2013, the IAIS announced that it expects to develop a risk-based global insurance capital standard by 2016 applicable to IAIGs, with full implementation scheduled to begin in 2019. In addition, the IAIS seeks to promote the financial stability of IAIGs by endorsing: uniform standards for insurer corporate governance and enterprise risk management; group-wide supervision of IAIGs; a framework for group capital adequacy assessment that accounts for group-wide risks; additional regulatory and disclosure requirements for insurance groups; and the establishment of ongoing supervisory colleges. ComFrame also requires each IAIG to

conduct a group-wide risk and solvency assessment to monitor and manage its overall solvency. At this time, we cannot predict what additional capital requirements, compliance costs or other burdens these requirements would impose on us, if adopted.

The lawmakers and regulatory authorities in a number of jurisdictions in which we do business have already begun introducing legislative and regulatory changes consistent with G20 and FSB recommendations, including proposals governing consolidated regulation of insurance holding companies by the Financial Services Agency (“FSA”) in Japan. In addition, the prudential regulation of insurance and reinsurance companies across the European Economic Area (“EEA”) is due for significant change under the Solvency II Directive. This new regime will effect a full revision of the insurance industry’s solvency framework and prudential regime (in particular minimum capital and solvency requirements, governance requirements, risk management and public reporting standards) and will impose, among other things, group level supervision mechanisms. The impact of the implementation of Solvency II on Prudential cannot be determined at this time. There can be no assurance that Solvency II will not, at a minimum, result in increased supervisory, capital and disclosure burdens on Prudential’s EEA operations with potential broader collateral consequences to Prudential Financial.

The foregoing requirements and developments could impact the manner in which we deploy our capital, structure and manage our businesses, and otherwise operate both within and outside the U.S. The possibility of inconsistent and conflicting regulation of the Prudential Financial “group” of companies also exists as law makers and regulators in multiple jurisdictions simultaneously pursue these initiatives.

Other U.S. Federal Regulation

U.S. Tax Legislation

The American Taxpayer’s Relief Act (the “Act”) was signed into law on January 2, 2013. The Act permanently extended the reduced Bush-era individual tax rates for certain taxpayers and permanently increased those rates for higher income taxpayers. Higher tax rates increase the benefits of tax deferral on the build-up of value of annuities and life insurance. The Act also made permanent the current $5 million (indexed for inflation) per person estate tax exemption and increased the top estate tax rate from 35% to 40%.

Notwithstanding the passage of the Act, there continues to be uncertainty regarding U.S. taxes, both for individuals and corporations. There continues to be discussions in Washington concerning the need to reform the tax code, primarily by lowering tax rates and broadening the base by reducing or eliminating certain tax expenditures. Reducing or eliminating certain expenditures could make our products less attractive to customers. It is unclear whether or when Congress may take up overall tax reform and what would be the impact of reform on the Company and its products. However, even in the absence of overall tax reform, the large federal deficit increases the possibility that Congress will raise revenue by enacting legislation to increase the taxes paid by individuals and/or corporations. This can be accomplished by either raising rates or otherwise changing the tax rules.

Current U.S. federal income tax laws generally permit certain holders to defer taxation on the build-up of value of annuities and life insurance products until payments are actually made to the policyholder or other beneficiary and to exclude from taxation the death benefit paid under a life insurance contract. Congress from time to time considers legislation that could make our products less attractive to consumers, including legislation that would reduce or eliminate the benefit of this deferral on some annuities and insurance products.

Additionally, legislative or regulatory changes could also impact the amount of taxes that we pay, thereby affecting our consolidated net income. For example, the U.S. Treasury Department and the Internal Revenue Service intend to address through guidance the methodology to be followed in determining the dividends received deduction, or DRD, related to variable life insurance and annuity contracts. The DRD reduces the amount of dividend income subject to U.S. tax and is a significant component of the difference between our actual tax expense and expected tax amount determined using the federal statutory tax rate of 35%. For the last several years, the revenue proposals included in the Obama Administration’s budgets (“the Administration’s Revenue Proposals”) included a proposal that would change the method used to determine the amount of the DRD. A change in the DRD, including the possible retroactive or prospective elimination of this deduction through guidance or legislation, could increase actual tax expense and reduce the Company’s consolidated net income.

Furthermore, the Administration’s Revenue Proposals also included items that would change the method by which U.S. multinationals claim foreign tax credits and the timing of the deduction for interest expense that is allocable to foreign source income.

For additional discussion of possible tax legislative and regulatory risks that could affect our business, see “Risk Factors.”

Proposed Financial Crisis Responsibility Fee

The Administration’s Revenue Proposal includes a proposal that would impose a Financial Crisis Responsibility Fee, or FCRF, on certain financial institutions with over $50 billion in consolidated assets, including the Company. The amount of the FCRF that would be imposed upon the Company under this proposal, in the event it is enacted into law, is unclear, but could be substantial.

ERISA

ERISA is a comprehensive federal statute that applies to U.S. employee benefit plans sponsored by private employers and labor unions. Plans subject to ERISA include pension and profit sharing plans and welfare plans, including health, life and disability plans. ERISA provisions include reporting and disclosure rules, standards of conduct that apply to plan fiduciaries and prohibitions on transactions known as “prohibited transactions,” such as conflict-of-interest transactions and certain transactions between a benefit plan and a party in interest. ERISA also provides for a scheme of civil and criminal penalties and enforcement. Our insurance, asset management and retirement businesses provide services to employee benefit plans subject to ERISA, including services where we may act as an ERISA fiduciary. In addition to ERISA regulation of businesses providing products and services to ERISA plans, we become subject to ERISA’s prohibited transaction rules for transactions with those plans, which may affect our ability to enter transactions, or the terms on which transactions may be entered, with those plans, even in businesses unrelated to those giving rise to party in interest status.

USA Patriot Act

The USA Patriot Act of 2001, enacted in response to the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001, contains anti-money laundering and financial transparency laws applicable to broker-dealers and other financial services companies, including insurance companies. The Patriot Act seeks to promote cooperation among financial institutions, regulators and law enforcement entities in identifying parties that may be involved in terrorism or money laundering. Anti-money laundering laws outside of the U.S. contain provisions that may be different, conflicting or more rigorous. The increased obligations of financial institutions to identify their customers, watch for and report suspicious transactions, respond to requests for information by regulatory authorities and law enforcement agencies, and share information with other financial institutions require the implementation and maintenance of internal practices, procedures and controls.

Holding Company Regulation

Prudential Financial is subject to the insurance holding company laws in the states where our insurance subsidiaries are domiciled, which currently include New Jersey, Arizona, Connecticut, Indiana and Iowa, or are treated as commercially domiciled, such as New York. These laws generally require each insurance company directly or indirectly owned by the holding company to register with the insurance department in the insurance company’s state of domicile and to furnish annually financial and other information about the operations of companies within the holding company system. Generally, all transactions affecting the insurers in the holding company system must be fair and reasonable and, if material, require prior notice and approval or non-disapproval by the state’s insurance department.

Most states, including the states in which our U.S. insurance companies are domiciled, have insurance laws that require regulatory approval of a direct or indirect change of control of an insurer or an insurer’s holding company. Laws such as these that apply to us prevent any person from acquiring control of Prudential Financial or of our insurance subsidiaries unless that person has filed a statement with specified information with the insurance regulators and has obtained their prior approval. Under most states’ statutes, acquiring 10% or more of

the voting stock of an insurance company or its parent company is presumptively considered a change of control, although such presumption may be rebutted. Accordingly, any person who acquires 10% or more of the voting securities of Prudential Financial without the prior approval of the insurance regulators of the states in which our U.S. insurance companies are domiciled will be in violation of these states’ laws and may be subject to injunctive action requiring the disposition or seizure of those securities by the relevant insurance regulator or prohibiting the voting of those securities and to other actions determined by the relevant insurance regulator. In addition, many state insurance laws require prior notification to state insurance departments of a change in control of a non-domiciliary insurance company doing business in that state.

Currently, there are several proposals to amend state insurance holding company laws to increase the scope of regulation of insurance holding companies (such as Prudential Financial). The National Association of Insurance Commissioners, or NAIC, has promulgated model laws for adoption in the United States that would provide for “group wide” supervision of Prudential Financial as an insurance holding company in addition to the current regulation of Prudential Financial’s insurance subsidiaries. While the timing of their adoption and content will vary by jurisdiction, we have identified the following areas of focus in these model laws: (1) uniform standards for insurer corporate governance; (2) group-wide supervision of insurance holding companies; (3) adjustments to risk-based capital calculations to account for group-wide risks; and (4) additional regulatory and disclosure requirements for insurance holding companies. At this time, we cannot predict with any degree of certainty what additional capital requirements, compliance costs or other burdens these requirements would impose on Prudential Financial if adopted.

In October 2013 several of our domestic and foreign insurance regulators convened a supervisory college. The purpose of the supervisory college is to promote ongoing supervisory coordination, facilitate the sharing of information among regulators and to enhance each regulator’s understanding of the Company’s risk profile.

In 2012, Prudential Bank & Trust, FSB, (“PB&T”) limited its operations to trust services and Prudential Financial deregistered as a savings and loan holding company subject, in that capacity, to the examination, enforcement and supervisory authority of the FRB. As a trust-only organization, PB&T does not have access to a Federal Reserve credit line, is not permitted to issue commercial loans or checking accounts and all or substantially all deposits, if any, must be trust funds received in a fiduciary capacity. PB&T is now regulated by the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (“OCC”) as a federal savings association and Prudential Financial is subject to supervision by the OCC as to whether it serves as a source of strength to PB&T. We also provide trust services through Prudential Trust Company, a state-chartered trust company incorporated under the laws of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. Federal and state banking laws generally provide that no person may acquire control of Prudential Financial, and gain indirect control of either PB&T or Prudential Trust Company, without prior regulatory approval. Generally, beneficial ownership of 10% or more of the voting securities of Prudential Financial would be presumed to constitute control. These laws may discourage potential acquisition proposals and may delay, deter or prevent a change of control of Prudential Financial, including through transactions, and in particular unsolicited transactions, that some shareholders of Prudential Financial might consider desirable.

Insurance Operations

State insurance laws regulate all aspects of our U.S. insurance businesses, and state insurance departments in the fifty states, the District of Columbia and various U.S. territories and possessions monitor our insurance operations. Prudential Insurance is domiciled in New Jersey and its principal insurance regulatory authority is the New Jersey Department of Banking and Insurance. Our other U.S. insurance companies are principally regulated by the insurance departments of the states in which they are domiciled. Generally, our insurance products must be approved by the insurance regulators in the state in which they are sold. Our insurance products are substantially affected by federal and state tax laws.

State Insurance Regulation

State insurance authorities have broad administrative powers with respect to all aspects of the insurance business including: licensing to transact business; licensing agents; admittance of assets to statutory surplus; regulating premium rates for certain insurance products; approving policy forms; regulating unfair trade and

claims practices; establishing reserve requirements and solvency standards; fixing maximum interest rates on life insurance policy loans and minimum accumulation or surrender values; regulating the type, amounts and valuations of investments permitted, regulating reinsurance transactions, including the role of captive reinsurers, and other matters.

State insurance laws and regulations require our U.S. insurance companies to file financial statements with state insurance departments everywhere they do business in accordance with accounting practices and procedures prescribed or permitted by these departments. The operations of our U.S. insurance companies and accounts are subject to examination by those departments at any time.

State insurance departments conduct periodic examinations of the books and records, financial reporting, policy filings and market conduct of insurance companies domiciled in their states, generally once every three to five years. Examinations are generally carried out in cooperation with the insurance departments of other states under guidelines promulgated by the NAIC. During 2013, the New Jersey insurance regulator, along with the insurance regulators of Arizona, Connecticut, Indiana and Iowa, completed a coordinated risk focused financial examination for the five year period ended December 31, 2011 for all of our U.S. domestic insurance companies as part of the normal five year examination and found no material deficiencies.

Financial Regulation

Dividend Payment Limitations. The New Jersey insurance law and the insurance laws of the other states in which our insurance companies are domiciled regulate the amount of dividends that may be paid by Prudential Insurance and our other U.S. insurance companies. See Note 15 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.

Risk-Based Capital. In order to enhance the regulation of insurers’ solvency, the NAIC adopted a model law to implement risk-based capital requirements for life, health and property and casualty insurance companies. All states have adopted the NAIC’s model law or a substantially similar law. The risk-based capital, or RBC, calculation, which regulators use to assess the sufficiency of an insurer’s statutory capital, measures the risk characteristics of a company’s assets, liabilities and certain off-balance sheet items. In general, RBC is calculated by applying factors to various asset, premium, claim, expense and reserve items. Within a given risk category, these factors are higher for those items with greater underlying risk and lower for items with lower underlying risk. Insurers that have less statutory capital than the RBC calculation requires are considered to have inadequate capital and are subject to varying degrees of regulatory action depending upon the level of capital inadequacy.

Insurance Reserves and Regulatory Capital. State insurance laws require us to analyze the adequacy of our reserves annually. The respective appointed actuaries for each of our life insurance companies must each submit an opinion that our reserves, when considered in light of the assets we hold with respect to those reserves, make adequate provision for our contractual obligations and related expenses.

Most of our U.S. operating insurance companies are licensed in New York, but none are domiciled in New York. The New York Department of Financial Services (“NY DFS”) has notified us that it does not agree with our calculation of statutory reserves (including the applicable credit for reinsurance) for New York purposes in respect of certain variable annuity products. We are currently in discussions with the NY DFS regarding the proper level of statutory reserves (including the applicable credit for reinsurance) for these products. If we are ultimately required to establish material additional reserves on a New York statutory accounting basis or post material amounts of additional collateral with respect to such variable annuity or other products, our ability to deploy capital held within our U.S. domestic insurance subsidiaries for other purposes could be affected.

The NAIC has developed a principles-based reserving approach for life insurance products. The timing and the effect of these changes are still uncertain since the changes have to be adopted by each state and the approach can be further modified prior to adoption.

Captive Reinsurance Companies. The NAIC, the NY DFS and other regulators have increased their focus on life insurers’ use of captive reinsurance companies. We cannot predict what, if any, changes may result from these reviews. If applicable insurance laws are changed in a way that impairs the use of captive reinsurance

companies, our ability to write certain products and efficiently manage their associated risks could be adversely affected and we may need to increase prices on certain products, modify certain products or find alternate financing sources, any of which could adversely affect our competitiveness, capital and financial position and results of operations.

Solvency Modernization Initiative. State insurance regulators have focused attention on U.S. insurance solvency regulation pursuant to the NAIC’s “Solvency Modernization Initiative.” The Solvency Modernization Initiative focuses on the entire U.S. financial regulatory system and all aspects of financial regulation affecting insurance companies. Though broad in scope, the NAIC has stated that the Solvency Modernization Initiative will focus on: (1) capital requirements; (2) corporate governance and risk management; (3) group supervision; (4) statutory accounting and financial reporting; and (5) reinsurance. This initiative has resulted in the recent adoption of the NAIC Risk Management and Own Risk and Solvency Assessment (“ORSA”) model act which, following enactment at the state level, will require larger insurers to, at least annually beginning in 2015, assess the adequacy of its and its group’s risk management and current and future solvency position. We cannot predict the additional capital requirements or compliance costs these requirements may impose.

IRIS Tests. The NAIC has developed a set of financial relationships or tests known as the Insurance Regulatory Information System, or IRIS, to assist state regulators in monitoring the financial condition of U.S. insurance companies and identifying companies that require special attention or action by insurance regulatory authorities. Generally, regulators will begin to investigate or monitor an insurance company if its ratios fall outside usual ranges for four or more of the ratios. If an insurance company has insufficient capital, regulators may act to reduce the amount of insurance it can issue. Based on our most recent statutory filings (as of December 31, 2012), none of our U.S. insurance companies are subject to regulatory scrutiny based on these ratios.

Market Conduct Regulation

State insurance laws and regulations include numerous provisions governing the marketplace activities of insurers, including provisions governing the form and content of disclosure to consumers, illustrations, advertising, sales practices and complaint handling. State regulatory authorities generally enforce these provisions through periodic market conduct examinations.

Insurance Guaranty Association Assessments

Each state has insurance guaranty association laws under which insurers doing business in the state are members and may be assessed by state insurance guaranty associations for certain obligations of insolvent insurance companies to policyholders and claimants. Typically, states assess each member insurer in an amount related to the member insurer’s proportionate share of the business written by all member insurers in the state. For the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, we paid approximately $66.1 million, $2.4 million and $3.6 million, respectively, in assessments pursuant to state insurance guaranty association laws. Many states offer a reimbursement of such assessments in the form of credits against future years’ premium taxes. The increase in 2013 assessments paid, relative to prior years, is primarily the result of the Executive Life of New York (“ELNY”) and the Executive Life Insurance Company insolvencies. In addition, in 2011, we agreed to make a voluntary contribution of $20 million to an insurance industry solvency fund, related to ELNY, which was subsequently paid in 2013. While we cannot predict the amount and timing of future assessments on our U.S. insurance companies under these laws, we have established estimated reserves for future assessments relating to insurance companies that are currently subject to insolvency proceedings.

Federal and State Securities Regulation Affecting Insurance Operations

Our variable life insurance products, as well as our variable annuity and mutual fund products, generally are “securities” within the meaning of federal securities laws, that may be required to be registered under the federal securities laws and subject to regulation by the SEC and Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”). Certain of our insurance subsidiaries are subject to SEC public reporting and disclosure requirements based on offerings of these products. Federal and some state securities regulation similar to that discussed below under “—Investment Products and Asset Management Operations” and “—Securities and Commodities Regulation” affect investment advice, sales and related activities with respect to these products.

Our mutual funds, and in certain states our variable life insurance and variable annuity products, are “securities” within the meaning of state securities laws. As securities, these products are subject to filing and certain other requirements. Also, sales activities with respect to these products generally are subject to state securities regulation. Such regulation may affect investment advice, sales and related activities for these products.

Investment and Retirement Products and Asset Management Operations

Our investment products and services are subject to federal and state securities, fiduciary, including ERISA, and other laws and regulations. The SEC, FINRA, CFTC, state securities commissions, state banking and insurance departments and the United States Department of Labor are the principal U.S. regulators that regulate our asset management operations. For a discussion of Dodd-Frank’s impact on our investment products and asset management operations, see “—Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act” above. In some cases our domestic U.S. investment operations are also subject to non-U.S. securities laws and regulations.

Some of the separate account, mutual fund and other pooled investment products offered by our businesses, in addition to being registered under the Securities Act, are registered as investment companies under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, and the shares of certain of these entities are qualified for sale in some states and the District of Columbia. Separate account investment products are also subject to state insurance regulation as described above. We also have several subsidiaries that are registered as broker-dealers under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act, and are subject to federal and state regulation. In addition, we have several subsidiaries that are investment advisers registered under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended. Our Prudential Agents and other employees, insofar as they sell products that are securities, are subject to the Exchange Act and to examination requirements and regulation by the SEC, FINRA and state securities commissioners. Regulation and examination requirements also extend to various Prudential entities that employ or control those individuals. The federal securities laws could also require re-approval by customers of our investment advisory contracts to manage mutual funds, including mutual funds included in annuity products, upon a change in control.

Congress from time to time considers pension reform legislation that could decrease or increase the attractiveness of certain of our retirement products and services to retirement plan sponsors and administrators, or have an unfavorable or favorable effect on our ability to earn revenues from these products and services. Over time, these changes could hinder our sales of defined benefit pension products and services and cause sponsors to discontinue existing plans for which we provide asset management, administrative, or other services, but could increase the attractiveness of certain products we offer in connection with pension plans.

Securities and Commodities Regulation

We have subsidiaries that are broker-dealers, investment advisers, commodity pool operators or commodity trading advisers. The SEC, the CFTC, state securities authorities, FINRA, the National Futures Association (“NFA”), the Municipal Securities Rulemaking Board, and similar authorities are the principal regulators of these subsidiaries.

Our broker-dealer and commodities affiliates are members of, and are subject to regulation by, “self-regulatory organizations,” including FINRA and the NFA. Self-regulatory organizations conduct examinations of, and have adopted rules governing, their members. In addition, state securities and certain other regulators have regulatory and oversight authority over our registered broker-dealers. Broker-dealers and their sales forces in the U.S. and in certain other jurisdictions are subject to regulations that cover many aspects of the securities business, including sales methods and trading practices. The regulations cover the suitability of investments for individual customers, use and safekeeping of customers’ funds and securities, capital adequacy, recordkeeping, financial reporting and the conduct of directors, officers and employees. The SEC, CFTC and other governmental agencies and self-regulatory organizations, as well as state securities commissions in the U.S. and non-U.S. regulatory agencies, have the power to conduct administrative proceedings that can result in censure, fine, the issuance of cease-and-desist orders or suspension, termination or limitation of the activities of a broker-dealer, an investment adviser or commodities firm or its employees. Our U.S. registered broker-dealer subsidiaries are subject to federal net capital requirements that may limit the ability of these subsidiaries to pay dividends to Prudential Financial.

Privacy Regulation

We are subject to federal and state laws and regulations that require financial institutions and other businesses to protect the security and confidentiality of personal information, including health-related and customer information, and to notify customers and other individuals about their policies and practices relating to the collection and disclosure of health-related and customer information. State laws regulate use and disclosure of social security numbers. Federal and state laws require notice to affected individuals, law enforcement, regulators and others if there is a breach of the security of certain personal information, including social security numbers, and require holders of certain personal information to protect the security of the data. Federal regulations require financial institutions and creditors to implement effective programs to detect, prevent, and mitigate identity theft. Federal and state laws and regulations regulate the ability of financial institutions to make telemarketing calls and to send unsolicited e-mail or fax messages to consumers and customers. Federal law and regulation regulate the permissible uses of certain personal information, including consumer report information. Federal and state governments and regulatory bodies may be expected to consider additional or more detailed regulation regarding these subjects and the privacy and security of personal information. We are also subject to privacy laws, regulation, and directives that require our business units in countries outside the U.S. to protect the security and confidentiality of employee and customer personal information. In addition, we must comply with international privacy laws, regulations, and directives concerning the cross border transfer of employee and customer information.

Environmental Considerations

Federal, state and local environmental laws and regulations apply to our ownership and operation of real property. Inherent in owning and operating real property are the risks of hidden environmental liabilities and the costs of any required clean-up. Under the laws of certain states, contamination of a property may give rise to a lien on the property to secure recovery of the costs of clean-up, which could adversely affect our commercial mortgage lending business. In several states, this lien has priority over the lien of an existing mortgage against such property. In addition, in some states and under the federal Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980, or CERCLA, we may be liable, in certain circumstances, as an “owner” or “operator,” for costs of cleaning-up releases or threatened releases of hazardous substances at a property mortgaged to us. We also risk environmental liability when we foreclose on a property mortgaged to us, although Federal legislation provides for a safe harbor from CERCLA liability for secured lenders that foreclose and sell the mortgaged real estate, provided that certain requirements are met. However, there are circumstances in which actions taken could still expose us to CERCLA liability. Application of various other federal and state environmental laws could also result in the imposition of liability on us for costs associated with environmental hazards.

We routinely conduct environmental assessments prior to taking title to real estate, whether through acquisition for investment, or through foreclosure on real estate collateralizing mortgages that we hold. Although unexpected environmental liabilities can always arise, we seek to minimize this risk by undertaking these environmental assessments and complying with our internal procedures, and as a result, we believe that any costs associated with compliance with environmental laws and regulations or any clean-up of properties would not have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.

Unclaimed Property Laws

We are subject to the laws and regulations of states and other jurisdictions concerning the identification, reporting and escheatment of unclaimed or abandoned funds, and we are subject to audit and examination for compliance with these requirements. For additional discussion of these matters, see Note 23 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Regulation of our International Businesses

Our international businesses are subject to comprehensive regulation and supervision. As in the U.S., the purpose of these regulations is primarily to protect our customers and not necessarily our shareholders. These regulations may apply heightened scrutiny to non-domestic companies, which can reduce our flexibility as to intercompany transactions, investments and other aspects of business operations and adversely affect our

liquidity and profitability. Many of the laws and regulations to which our international businesses are subject are regularly re-examined, in some instances resulting in comprehensive restatements of applicable laws, regulations and reorganization of supervising authorities. Existing or future laws or regulations may become more restrictive or otherwise adversely affect our operations as regulators seek to protect their financial systems from perceived systemic risk. Solvency regulatory approaches developed in Europe are being considered or adopted in jurisdictions such as Japan and Mexico. It is likely that the recent financial market dislocations will lead to changes in existing laws and regulations and regulatory frameworks, affecting our international business. In some instances, such jurisdictions may also impose different, conflicting or more rigorous laws and requirements, including regulations governing privacy, consumer protection, employee protection, corporate governance and capital adequacy. Changes such as these can increase compliance costs and potential regulatory exposure.

In addition, our international operations face political, legal, operational and other risks that we do not face in the U.S., including the risk of discriminatory regulation, labor issues in connection with workers’ associations and trade unions, nationalization or expropriation of assets, dividend limitations, price controls and currency exchange controls or other restrictions that limit our ability to transfer funds from these operations out of the countries in which they operate or to convert local currencies we hold into U.S. dollars or other currencies. Some jurisdictions in which we operate joint ventures restrict our maximum percentage of ownership, which exposes us to joint venture partner risks and limits our array of potential remedies.

Our international insurance operations are principally supervised by regulatory authorities in the jurisdictions in which they operate, including the Japanese Ministry of Finance and Financial Services Agency. We operate insurance companies in Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Mexico, Argentina, Brazil, Italy and Poland and have insurance operations in India, China and Malaysia through joint ventures. The insurance regulatory bodies for these businesses typically oversee such issues as company licensing, the licensing of insurance sales staff, insurance product approvals, sales practices, claims payment practices, permissible investments, solvency and capital adequacy, and insurance reserves, among other items. In some jurisdictions, for certain products, regulators will also mandate premium rates (or components of pricing) or minimum guaranteed interest rates. Periodic examinations of insurance company books and records, financial reporting requirements, market conduct examinations and policy filing requirements are among the techniques used by these regulators to supervise our non-U.S. insurance businesses.

In order to monitor insurers’ solvency, regulatory authorities in the jurisdictions in which we operate outside the U.S. generally establish some form of minimum solvency margin requirements for insurance companies, similar in concept to the RBC ratios that are employed by U.S. insurance regulators. These solvency margins are used by regulators to assess the sufficiency of an insurer’s capital and claims-paying ability and include the impact of transactions with affiliated entities. The solvency margin ratios in certain jurisdictions are required to be disclosed to the public. Insurers that have less solvency margin than the regulators require are considered to have inadequate capital and are subject to varying degrees of regulatory action depending upon the level of capital inadequacy.

The Financial Services Agency (“FSA”), the insurance regulator in Japan, has implemented revisions to the solvency margin requirements that revised risk charges for certain assets and changed the manner in which an insurance company’s core capital is calculated. These changes were effective for the fiscal year ending March 31, 2012. We anticipate further changes in solvency regulation from jurisdiction to jurisdiction based on regulatory developments in the U.S., the European Union, and recommendations by an international standard setting body for the insurance industry, as well as regulatory requirements for those companies deemed to be systemically important financial institutions (similar to Designated Financial Companies under Dodd-Frank).

The insurance regulatory bodies in some of the countries where our international insurance businesses are located regulate the amount of dividends that they can pay to shareholders. See Note 15 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding the ability of our international subsidiaries to pay dividends to Prudential Financial.

Our non-insurance international operations are also supervised primarily by regulatory authorities in the countries in which they operate. We operate investment-related businesses in, among other jurisdictions, Japan, Taiwan, the United Kingdom, Hong Kong, Mexico, India, Germany and Singapore, and participate in investment-related joint ventures in Brazil, Italy and China. These businesses may provide investment-related

products such as investment management products and services, mutual funds and separately managed accounts. The regulatory authorities for these businesses typically oversee such issues as company licensing, the licensing of investment product sales staff, sales practices, solvency and capital adequacy, mutual fund product approvals and related disclosures, securities, commodities and related laws, among other items. In some cases, our international investment operations are also subject to U.S. securities laws and regulations.

Our international businesses may also be subject to U.S. laws governing businesses controlled by U.S. companies such as the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, various anti-money laundering laws and regulations, and certain regulations issued by the U.S. Office of Foreign Asset Controls. In addition, under current U.S. law and regulations we may be prohibited from dealing with certain individuals or entities in certain circumstances and we may be required to monitor customer activities, which may affect our ability to attract and retain customers. Furthermore, certain of our businesses, particularly those with operations in the United Kingdom (“U.K.”), are also subject to the U.K.’s Anti-Bribery Law, which governs interactions with both governmental and private commercial entities.

Certain of our international insurance operations, including those in Japan, may be subject to assessments, generally based on their proportionate share of business written in the relevant jurisdiction, for certain obligations of insolvent insurance companies to policyholders and claimants. As we cannot predict the timing of future assessments, they may materially affect the results of operations of our international insurance operations in particular quarterly or annual periods. Under the Japanese insurance guaranty law, substantially similar to such laws in the U.S., all licensed life insurers in Japan are required to be members and are assessed, on a pre-funded basis, by the Japan Policyholders Protection Corporation, or PPC. These assessments generate a collective fund which is used to satisfy certain obligations of insolvent insurance companies to policyholders and claimants. The PPC assesses each member in an amount related to its proportionate share of new business written by all member insurers. For the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, we paid approximately $ 29 million, $31 million and $29 million, respectively, in assessments pursuant to Japanese insurance guaranty association laws.

In December 2013, the FSA announced amendments to its “Comprehensive Guidelines for Supervision of Insurance Business Operators” and “Inspection Manual for Insurance Companies” addressing enterprise risk management readiness and own risk and solvency assessments. The purpose of these amendments is to bring the Japanese supervisory framework in line with the international insurance supervisory framework, including the Insurance Core Principles (“ICP”) dealing with these subjects adopted by the International Association of Insurance Supervisors (“IAIS”) in October 2011.

In 2013, the FSA indicated its intention to develop a new comprehensive regime for the resolution of financial institutions, including life insurance companies. The enabling legislation for the establishment of the regime was enacted in the fall of 2013. However, proposed regulations to effectuate these changes have not yet been released.

Our international businesses are subject to the tax laws and regulations of the countries in which they are organized and in which they operate. Foreign governments from time to time consider legislation that could impact the amount of taxes that we pay or impact the sales of our products.

On November 30, 2011, Japan enacted corporate tax reform that decreased the national corporate tax rate from 30% to 28.05% for tax years beginning on or after April, 1, 2012, and to 25.5% for tax years beginning on or after April 1, 2015. There is a proposal to accelerate the decrease in the rate for tax years beginning on or after April 1, 2014. The carryforward period for net operating losses in Japan was increased from 7 to 9 years. Under the new legislation net operating losses can only offset 80% of a company’s taxable income. On December 31, 2011 Korea rescinded the corporate tax decrease to 22% that was to be effective in 2012. Therefore, the Korean corporate tax rate remains at 24.2% for 2012 and thereafter.

Our international operations are often subject to value added tax and similar taxes in the countries in which they operate. On August 10, 2012, Japan enacted legislation to increase the 5% consumption tax to 8% in April 2014, and 10% effective in October 2015. An increase to such tax rates could reduce our consolidated net income.

On April 27, 2012, the Japan National Tax Authority (NTA) reduced the corporate tax deductibility of premiums paid for cancer products. Such a change has resulted in a decrease in the sale of such products in Japan.

Employees

As of December 31, 2013, we had 47,355 employees and sales associates, including 27,772 located outside of the U.S. We believe our relations with our employees and sales associates are satisfactory.

Available Information

Prudential Financial files periodic and current reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC. Such reports, proxy statements and other information may be obtained through the SEC’s website (www.sec.gov) or by visiting the Public Reference Room of the SEC at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington D.C. 20549 or calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330.

You may also access our press releases, financial information and reports filed with the SEC (for example, our Annual Report on Form 10-K, our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, our Current Reports on Form 8-K and any amendments to those Forms) online at www.investor.prudential.com. Copies of any documents on our website are available without charge, and reports filed with or furnished to the SEC will be available as soon as reasonably practicable after they are filed with or furnished to the SEC. The information found on our website is not part of this or any other report filed with or furnished to the SEC.

ITEM 1A.

RISK FACTORS

You should carefully consider the following risks. These risks are not exclusive, and additional risks to which we are subject include, but are not limited to, the factors mentioned under “Forward-Looking Statements” above and the risks of our businesses described elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Risks Relating to Economic, Market and Political Conditions

Market fluctuations and general economic, market and political conditions may adversely affect our business and profitability.

Our businesses and our results of operations may be materially adversely affected by conditions in the global financial markets and by economic conditions generally.

Even under relatively favorable market conditions, our insurance, annuity and investment products, as well as our investment returns and our access to and cost of financing, are sensitive to fixed income, equity, real estate and other market fluctuations and general economic, market and political conditions. These fluctuations and conditions could adversely affect our results of operations, financial position and liquidity, including in the following respects:

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The profitability of many of our insurance and annuity products depends in part on the value of the separate accounts supporting these products, which fluctuate substantially depending on the foregoing conditions.

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Market conditions resulting in reductions in the value of assets we manage or lower transaction volume have an adverse effect on the revenues and profitability of our asset management business, which depends on fees related primarily to the value of assets under management or transaction volume, and could further decrease the value of our strategic investments.

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A change in market conditions, such as high inflation and high interest rates, could cause a change in consumer sentiment and behavior adversely affecting sales and persistency of our savings and protection products. Conversely, low inflation and low interest rates could cause persistency of these products to vary from that anticipated and adversely affect profitability (as further described below). Similarly, changing economic conditions and unfavorable public perception of financial institutions can influence customer behavior, including increasing claims or surrenders in certain product lines.

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Sales of our investment-based and asset management products and services may decline, and lapses and surrenders of certain insurance products and withdrawals of assets from investment products may increase if a market downturn, increased market volatility or other market conditions result in customers becoming dissatisfied with their investments or products.

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A market decline could further result in guaranteed minimum benefits contained in many of our variable annuity products being higher than current account values or our pricing assumptions would support, requiring us to materially increase reserves for such products, and may cause customers to retain contracts in force in order to benefit from the guarantees, thereby increasing their cost to us. Any increased cost may or may not be more than offset by the favorable impact of greater persistency from prolonged fee streams. Our valuation of the liabilities for the minimum benefits contained in many of our variable annuity products requires us to consider the market perception of our risk of non-performance, and a decrease in our own credit spreads resulting from ratings upgrades or other events or market conditions could cause the recorded value of these liabilities to increase, which in turn could adversely affect our results of operations and financial position.

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Market conditions determine the availability and cost of the reinsurance protection we purchase. Accordingly, we may be forced to incur additional expenses for reinsurance or may not be able to obtain sufficient reinsurance on acceptable terms which could adversely affect the profitability of future business or our willingness to write future business.

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Derivative instruments we hold to hedge and manage foreign exchange risk, interest rate and equity risks associated with our products and businesses, and other risks might not perform as intended or expected resulting in higher realized losses and unforeseen stresses on liquidity. Market conditions can limit availability of hedging instruments, require us to post additional collateral, and also further increase the cost of executing product related hedges and such costs may not be recovered in the pricing of the underlying products being hedged. Our derivative-based hedging strategies also rely on the performance of counterparties to such derivatives. These counterparties may fail to perform for various reasons resulting in losses on uncollateralized positions.

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Positions that we are required to mark-to-market may cause, and have caused, volatility in reported results of operations due to market fluctuations.

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We have significant investment and derivative portfolios, including but not limited to corporate and asset-backed securities, foreign government securities (primarily those of the Japanese government), equities and commercial real estate. Economic conditions as well as adverse capital market conditions, including a lack of buyers in the marketplace, volatility, credit spread changes, benchmark interest rate changes, changes in foreign currency exchange rates and declines in value of underlying collateral will impact the credit quality, liquidity and value of our investments and derivatives, potentially resulting in higher capital charges and unrealized or realized losses. Valuations may include assumptions or estimates that may have significant period to period changes which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations or financial condition, and in certain cases under U.S. GAAP such period to period changes in the value of investments are not recognized in our results of operations or consolidated statements of financial position.

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Opportunities for investment of available funds at appropriate returns may be limited, including due to the current low interest rate environment, a diminished securitization market or other factors, with possible negative impacts on our overall results. Limited opportunities for attractive investments may lead to holding cash for long periods of time and increased use of derivatives for duration management and other portfolio management purposes. The increased use of derivatives may increase the volatility of our U.S. GAAP results and our statutory capital.

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Regardless of market conditions, certain investments we hold, including private bonds, commercial mortgages and alternative asset classes (such as private equity, hedge funds and real estate) are relatively illiquid. If we needed to sell these investments, we may have difficulty doing so in a timely manner at a price that we could otherwise realize.

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Certain features of our products and components of investment strategies depend on active and liquid markets, and, if market liquidity is strained or the capacity of the financial markets to absorb our transactions is inadequate, these products may not perform as intended.

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Fluctuations in our operating results as well as realized gains and losses on our investment and derivative portfolios may impact the Company’s tax profile and its ability to optimally utilize tax attributes.

Our investments, results of operations and financial condition may be adversely affected by adverse developments in the global economy, in the U.S. economy (including as a result of uncertainty about the Federal Reserve’s monetary policy or the ongoing debate over the federal debt ceiling), and in the Japanese economy (including due to the effects of inflation or deflation, interest rate volatility, changes in the Japan sovereign credit rating, and material changes in the value of the Japanese yen relative to the U.S. Dollar and, to a lesser extent, the Australian Dollar). Global, U.S. or Japanese economic activity and financial markets may in turn be negatively affected by adverse developments or conditions in specific geographical regions.

Interest rate fluctuations or prolonged periods of low interest rates could adversely affect our businesses and profitability and require us to increase reserves and statutory capital.

Our insurance and annuity products and certain of our investment products, and our investment returns, are sensitive to interest rate fluctuations, and changes in interest rates could adversely affect our investment returns and results of operations, including in the following respects:

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Some of our products expose us to the risk that changes in interest rates will reduce the spread between the amounts that we are required to pay under the contracts and the rate of return we are able to earn on our general account investments supporting the contracts. When interest rates decline, we have to reinvest in lower yielding instruments, potentially reducing net investment income. Since many of our policies and contracts have guaranteed minimum interest or crediting rates or limit the resetting of interest rates, the spreads could decrease and potentially become negative, or go further negative. When interest rates rise, we may not be able to replace the assets in our general account as quickly with the higher yielding assets needed to fund the higher crediting rates necessary to keep these products and contracts competitive. In addition, rising interest rates could cause a decline in the market value of fixed income assets the Company manages which in turn could result in lower asset management fees earned.

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Changes in interest rates can also result in potential losses in our investment activities in which we borrow funds and purchase investments to earn additional spread income on the borrowed funds.

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When interest rates rise, policy loans and surrenders and withdrawals of life insurance policies and annuity contracts may increase as policyholders seek to buy products with perceived higher returns, requiring us to sell investment assets potentially resulting in realized investment losses, or requiring us to accelerate the amortization of DAC, DSI or VOBA (each defined below). In addition, increasing interest rates could cause capital strain due to lower solvency margin levels of our Japanese insurance subsidiaries because the carrying value of bonds classified as available-for-sale would decline while the carrying value of liabilities would generally remain unchanged. Also, an increase in interest rates accompanied by unexpected extensions of certain lower yielding investments could reduce our profitability.

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A decline in interest rates accompanied by unexpected prepayments of certain investments could require us to reinvest at lower rates and reduce our profitability.

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Changes in interest rates coupled with greater than expected client withdrawals for certain products can result in increased costs associated with our guarantees.

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Changes in the relationship between long-term and short-term interest rates could adversely affect the profitability of some of our products.

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Changes in interest rates could increase our costs of financing.

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Our mitigation efforts with respect to interest rate risk are primarily focused on maintaining an investment portfolio with diversified maturities that has a key rate duration profile that is approximately equal to the key rate duration profile of our estimated liability cash flow profile. However, this estimate of the liability cash flow profile is complex and could turn out to be inaccurate, especially during volatile times. In addition, there are practical and capital market limitations on our ability to accomplish this matching. Due to these and other factors we may need to liquidate investments prior to maturity at a loss in order to satisfy liabilities or be forced to reinvest funds in a lower rate environment. Although we take measures to manage the economic risks of investing in a changing interest rate environment, we may not be able to effectively mitigate, and we may sometimes choose based on economic considerations and other factors not to fully mitigate, the interest rate risk of our assets relative to our liabilities.

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For certain of our products, a delay between the time we make changes in interest rate and other assumptions used for product pricing and the time we are able to reflect these assumptions in products available for sale could negatively impact the long-term profitability of products sold during the intervening period.

Recent periods have been characterized by low interest rates. A prolonged period during which interest rates remain at levels lower than those anticipated in our pricing may result in greater costs associated with certain of our product features which guarantee death benefits or income streams for stated periods or for life; higher costs for derivative instruments used to hedge certain of our product risks; or shortfalls in investment income on assets supporting policy obligations, each of which may require us to record charges to increase reserves. In addition to compressing spreads and reducing net investment income, such an environment may cause policies to remain in force for longer periods than we anticipated in our pricing, potentially resulting in greater claims costs than we expected and resulting in lower overall returns on business in force. Reflecting these impacts in recoverability and loss recognition testing under U.S. GAAP may require us to accelerate the amortization of DAC, DSI or VOBA as noted above, as well as to increase required reserves for future policyholder benefits. In addition, certain statutory capital and reserve requirements are based on formulas or models that consider interest rates, and a period of low interest rates may continue to increase the statutory capital we are required to hold as well as the amount of assets we must maintain to support statutory reserves.

Adverse capital market conditions could significantly affect our ability to meet liquidity needs, our access to capital and our cost of capital, including capital that may be required by our subsidiaries. Under such conditions, we may seek additional debt or equity capital but may be unable to obtain such.

Adverse capital market conditions could affect the availability and cost of borrowed funds and could impact our ability to refinance existing borrowings, thereby ultimately impacting our profitability and ability to support or grow our businesses. We need liquidity to pay our operating expenses, interest and maturities on our debt and dividends on our capital stock. During times of market stress, our internal sources of liquidity may prove to be insufficient and some of our alternative sources of liquidity, such as commercial paper issuance, securities lending and repurchase arrangements and other forms of borrowings in the capital markets, may be unavailable to us.

Disruptions, uncertainty and volatility in the financial markets may force us to delay raising capital, issue shorter tenor securities than would be optimal, bear an unattractive cost of capital or be unable to raise capital at any price, which could decrease our profitability and significantly reduce our financial flexibility.

We may seek additional debt or equity financing to satisfy our needs. However, the availability of additional financing depends on a variety of factors such as market conditions, the general availability of credit, the overall availability of credit to the financial services industry, and our credit ratings and credit capacity. We may not be able to successfully obtain additional financing on favorable terms, or at all. Actions we might take to access financing may in turn cause rating agencies to reevaluate our ratings. Further, any future equity offerings would dilute the ownership interest of existing shareholders.

Disruptions in the capital markets could adversely affect Prudential Financial’s and its subsidiaries’ ability to access sources of liquidity, as well as threaten to reduce our capital below a level that is consistent with our existing ratings objectives. Therefore, we may need to take actions, which may include but are not limited to: (1) further access external sources of capital, including the debt or equity markets; (2) reduce or eliminate future shareholder dividends on our Common Stock; (3) undertake additional capital management activities, including reinsurance transactions; (4) limit or curtail sales of certain products and/or restructure existing products; (5) undertake further asset sales or internal asset transfers; (6) seek temporary or permanent changes to regulatory rules; and (7) maintain greater levels of cash balances or for longer periods thereby reducing investment returns. Certain of these actions may require regulatory approval and/or agreement of counterparties which are outside of our control or have economic costs associated with them.

Fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates could adversely affect our profitability, financial condition and cash flows, as well as increase the volatility of our results of operations under U.S. GAAP.

As a U.S.-based company with significant business operations outside the U.S., particularly in Japan, we are exposed to foreign currency exchange risks that could reduce the U.S. dollar equivalent earnings and equity of these operations. We enter into derivative contracts in order to hedge the future income of certain of our international subsidiaries. Further, our Japanese subsidiaries hold U.S. dollar-denominated assets as a way for us to mitigate the effect of fluctuations in the yen exchange rate on our U.S. dollar-equivalent equity in these subsidiaries. We seek to mitigate volatility in the local solvency margins of our Japanese subsidiaries due to holding these U.S. dollar-denominated investments by entering into inter-company currency derivatives. Currency fluctuations could adversely affect our results of operations, cash flows or financial condition as a result of these derivative positions or due to foreign income or equity investments that are not hedged. A significant strengthening of the yen could adversely impact the value of our hedges and U.S. dollar-denominated investments held in our Japanese subsidiaries and could result in additional liquidity or capital needs for our International Insurance operations.

Our Japanese insurance operations offer products denominated in non-yen currencies, with the liabilities for these products supported by investments denominated in the corresponding currencies. While the impact from foreign currency exchange rate movements on these non-yen denominated assets and liabilities are economically matched, the accounting for changes in the value of these assets and liabilities due to changes in foreign currency exchange rate movements differs, resulting in volatility in our net income under U.S. GAAP. For example, unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale investments, including those arising from foreign currency exchange rate movements, are recorded in “Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss),” or AOCI, whereas the non-yen denominated liabilities are remeasured for foreign currency exchange rate movements, and the related changes in value are recorded in earnings within “Asset management fees and other income.”

We hold investments denominated in foreign currencies in the general account of our domestic insurance subsidiaries. We generally seek to hedge this foreign currency exposure but there is no assurance that we will fully hedge this exposure or that such hedges will be effective. The value and liquidity of our foreign currency investments could be adversely affected by local adverse market, economic and financial conditions. For example, our investments denominated in euro could be adversely affected by the recent unfavorable economic conditions in Europe, including due to potential changes in the euro or to the structure or membership of the European Monetary Union.

Risks Relating to Estimates, Assumptions and Valuations

Our profitability may decline if mortality experience, longevity experience, morbidity experience, persistency experience, utilization experience or expenses differ significantly from our pricing expectations.

We set prices for many of our insurance and annuity products based upon expected claims and payment patterns, using assumptions for mortality rates, or likelihood of death, longevity rates, or likelihood of survival (including the effect of improvement in life expectancy trends), and morbidity rates, or likelihood of sickness or disability, of our policyholders. In addition to the potential effect of natural or man-made disasters, significant changes in mortality, longevity, or morbidity could emerge gradually over time, due to changes in the natural environment, the health habits of the insured population, treatment patterns and technologies for disease or disability, the economic environment, or other factors. Pricing of our insurance and deferred annuity products are also based in part upon expected persistency of these products, which is the probability that a policy or contract will remain in force from one period to the next. Persistency within our Individual Annuities business may be significantly impacted by the value of guaranteed minimum benefits contained in many of our variable annuity products being higher than current account values in light of poor equity market performance or extended periods of low interest rates as well as other factors. Persistency could be adversely affected generally by developments affecting client perception of us, including perceptions arising from adverse publicity. Many of our products also provide our customers with wide flexibility with respect to the amount and timing of premium deposits and/or the amount and timing of withdrawals from the policy’s value. Results may vary based on differences between actual and expected premium deposits and withdrawals for these products, especially if these product features are

relatively new to the marketplace. The pricing of certain of our variable annuity products that contain optional living benefit guarantees is also based on assumptions about utilization rates, or the percentage of contracts that will utilize the benefit during the contract duration, including the timing of the first lifetime income withdrawal. Results may vary based on differences between actual and expected benefit utilization. The development of a secondary market for life insurance, including life settlements or “viaticals” and investor owned life insurance, and third-party investor strategies in the annuities business, could adversely affect the profitability of existing business and our pricing assumptions for new business.

Significant deviations in actual experience from our pricing assumptions could have an adverse effect on the profitability of our products. Although some of our products permit us to increase premiums or adjust other charges and credits during the life of the policy or contract, the adjustments permitted under the terms of the policies or contracts may not be sufficient to maintain profitability or may cause the policies or contracts to lapse. For our long-term care insurance products, our assumptions for reserves for future policy benefits have factored in an estimate of the timing and amount of anticipated and yet-to-be-filed premium increases which will require state approval. Our actual experience obtaining pricing increases could be materially different than what we have assumed, resulting in further policy liability increases which could be material. Many of our products do not permit us to increase premiums or adjust other charges and credits or limit those adjustments during the life of the policy or contract. Even if permitted under the policy or contract, we may not be able or willing to raise premiums or adjust other charges sufficiently, or at all, for regulatory or competitive reasons.

If our reserves for future policyholder benefits and expenses are inadequate, we may be required to increase our reserves, which would adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition.

We establish reserves in accordance with US GAAP for future policyholder benefits and expenses. While these reserves generally exceed our best estimate of the liability for future benefits and expenses, if we conclude based on updated assumptions that our reserves, together with future premiums, are insufficient to cover future policy benefits and expenses, including unamortized DAC, DSI or VOBA, we would need to accelerate the amortization of these DAC, DSI or VOBA balances and then increase our reserves and incur income statement charges, which would adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition. The determination of our best estimate of the liability is based on data and models that include many assumptions and projections which are inherently uncertain and involve the exercise of significant judgment, including the levels of and/or timing of receipt or payment of premiums, benefits, expenses, interest credits, investment results (including equity market returns), retirement, mortality, longevity, morbidity and persistency. We cannot determine with precision the ultimate amounts that we will pay for, or the timing of payment of, actual benefits and expenses or whether the assets supporting our policy liabilities, together with future premiums, will be sufficient for payment of benefits and expenses. If we conclude that our reserves, together with future premiums, are insufficient to cover future policy benefits and expenses, we may seek to increase premiums where we are able to do so.

For certain of our products, market performance and interest rates (as well as the regulatory environment, as discussed further below) impact the level of statutory reserves and statutory capital we are required to hold, and may have an adverse effect on returns on capital associated with these products. We finance noneconomic reserves associated with our Individual Life business. Marketplace capacity for reserve funding structures may be limited as a result of market conditions generally. Our ability to efficiently manage capital and economic reserve levels may be impacted, thereby impacting profitability and returns on capital.

We may be required to accelerate the amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs, or DAC, deferred sales inducements, or DSI, or value of business acquired, or VOBA, or recognize impairment in the value of our goodwill or certain investments, or be required to establish a valuation allowance against deferred income tax assets, any of which could adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition.

Deferred policy acquisition costs, or DAC, represent the costs that vary with and are directly related to the acquisition of new and renewal insurance and annuity contracts, and we amortize these costs over the expected lives of the contracts. Deferred sales inducements, or DSI, represent amounts that are credited to a policyholder’s account balance as an inducement to purchase the contract, and we amortize these costs over the expected lives of the contracts. Value of business acquired, or VOBA, represents the present value of future profits embedded in acquired insurance, annuity and investment-type contracts and is amortized over the expected lives of the

acquired contracts. Management, on an ongoing basis, tests the DAC, DSI and VOBA recorded on our balance sheet to determine if these amounts are recoverable under current assumptions. In addition, we regularly review the estimates and assumptions underlying DAC, DSI and VOBA for those products for which we amortize DAC, DSI and VOBA in proportion to gross profits or gross margins. Given changes in facts and circumstances, these tests and reviews could lead to reductions in DAC, DSI and/or VOBA that could have an adverse effect on the results of our operations and our financial condition. Among other things, significant or sustained equity market declines as well as investment losses could result in acceleration of amortization of the DAC, DSI and VOBA related to variable annuity and variable universal life contracts, resulting in a charge to income. As discussed earlier, the amortization of DAC, DSI and VOBA are also sensitive to changes in interest rates.

Goodwill represents the excess of the amounts we paid to acquire subsidiaries and other businesses over the fair value of their net assets at the date of acquisition. Goodwill is assessed annually for potential impairment, or more frequently if conditions warrant, by comparing the carrying value (equity attributed to a business to support its risk) of a business to its estimated fair value at that date. As of December 31, 2013, we had goodwill balances related to certain of our businesses. Market declines or other events impacting the fair value of these businesses, or increases in the level of equity required to support these businesses, could result in goodwill impairments, resulting in a charge to income.

We have operating equity method investments within our International Insurance and Asset Management segments and Corporate and Other operations. Declines in the fair value of these investments may require that we review the remaining carrying value of these investments for potential impairment, and such review could result in impairments and charges to income.

Deferred income tax represents the tax effect of the differences between the book and tax basis of assets and liabilities. Deferred tax assets are assessed periodically by management to determine if they are realizable. Factors in management’s determination include the performance of the business including the geographic and legal entity source of our income, the ability to generate capital gains from a variety of sources, and tax planning strategies. If based on available information, it is more likely than not that the deferred income tax asset will not be realized then a valuation allowance must be established with a corresponding charge to net income. Such charges could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations or financial position.

Changes in our discount rate, expected rate of return, life expectancy, health care cost and expected compensation increase assumptions for our pension and other postretirement benefit plans may result in increased expenses and reduce our profitability.

We determine our pension and other postretirement benefit plan costs based on assumed discount rates, expected rates of return on plan assets, life expectancy of plan participants and expected increases in compensation levels and trends in health care costs. Changes in these assumptions, including from the impact of a sustained low interest rate environment, may result in increased expenses and reduce our profitability.

Our valuation of fixed maturity, equity and trading securities may include methodologies, estimations and assumptions that are subject to differing interpretations and could result in changes to investment valuations that may materially adversely affect our results of operations or financial condition.

During periods of market disruption, it may be difficult to value certain of our investment securities, such as sub-prime mortgage-backed securities, if trading becomes less frequent and/or market data becomes less observable. There may be cases where certain assets in normally active markets with significant observable data become inactive with insufficient observable data due to the current financial environment or market conditions. As a result, valuations may include inputs and assumptions that are less observable or require greater estimation and judgment as well as valuation methods which are more complex. These values may not be ultimately realizable in a market transaction, and such values may change very rapidly as market conditions change and valuation assumptions are modified. Decreases in value may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations or financial condition.

The decision on whether to record an other-than-temporary impairment or write-down is determined in part by management’s assessment of the financial condition and prospects of a particular issuer, projections of future

cash flows and recoverability of the particular security. Management’s conclusions on such assessments are highly judgmental and include assumptions and projections of future cash flows which may ultimately prove to be incorrect as assumptions, facts and circumstances change.

Credit and Counterparty Risks

An inability to access our credit facilities could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

We maintain committed unsecured revolving credit facilities. We rely on these credit facilities as a potential source of liquidity which could be critical in enabling us to meet our obligations as they come due, particularly during periods when alternative sources of liquidity are limited. Our ability to borrow under these facilities is conditioned on our satisfaction of covenants and other requirements contained in the facilities, such as Prudential Financial’s maintenance of a prescribed minimum level of consolidated net worth calculated in accordance with the applicable credit agreement. Our failure to satisfy these and other requirements contained in the credit facilities would restrict our access to the facilities when needed and, consequently, could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

A downgrade or potential downgrade in our financial strength or credit ratings could limit our ability to market products, increase policy surrenders and withdrawals, require us to post collateral, increase our borrowing costs and/or hurt our relationships with creditors, distributors, reinsurers or trading counterparties and restrict our access to alternative sources of liquidity.

A downgrade in our financial strength or credit ratings could potentially, among other things, limit our ability to market products, reduce our competitiveness, increase the number or value of policy surrenders and withdrawals, increase our borrowing costs and potentially make it more difficult to borrow funds, adversely affect the availability of financial guarantees, such as letters of credit, cause additional collateral requirements or other required payments under certain agreements, allow counterparties to terminate derivative agreements, and/or hurt our relationships with creditors, distributors, reinsurers or trading counterparties thereby potentially negatively affecting our profitability, liquidity and/or capital. In addition, we consider our own risk of non-performance in determining the fair value of certain of our liabilities, including insurance liabilities that are classified as embedded derivatives under U.S. GAAP. Therefore, changes in our credit or financial strength ratings may affect the fair value of our liabilities.

A downgrade in the credit or financial strength ratings of Prudential Financial or its rated subsidiaries could result in additional collateral requirements or other required payments under certain agreements, including derivative agreements, which are eligible to be satisfied in cash or by posting securities held by the subsidiaries subject to the agreements. A ratings downgrade of three ratings levels from the ratings levels at December 31, 2013 (relating to financial strength ratings in certain cases and credit ratings in other cases) would result in estimated collateral posting requirements or payments under such agreements of approximately $68 million. In addition, a ratings downgrade by A.M. Best to “A-” for our domestic life insurance companies would require Prudential Insurance to post a letter of credit in the amount of approximately $1.6 billion, based on the level of statutory reserves related to the variable annuity business acquired from Allstate, that we estimate would result in annual cash outflows of approximately $9 million, or collateral posting in the form of cash or securities to be held in a trust.

Prudential Insurance has been a member of the Federal Home Loan Bank of New York, or FHLBNY, since June 2008. Membership allows Prudential Insurance access to FHLBNY’s financial services, including the ability to obtain collateralized loans and to issue collateralized funding agreements that can be used as an alternative source of liquidity. Under FHLBNY guidelines, if Prudential Insurance’s financial strength ratings decline below A/A2/A Stable by S&P, Moody’s and Fitch, respectively, and the FHLBNY does not receive written assurances from the New Jersey Department of Banking and Insurance regarding Prudential Insurance’s solvency, new borrowings from the FHLBNY would be limited to a term of 90 days or less. Although Prudential Insurance’s ratings are currently at or above the required minimum levels, there can be no assurance that the ratings will remain at these levels in the future.

We cannot predict what additional actions rating agencies may take, or what actions we may take in response to the actions of rating agencies, which could adversely affect our business. As with other companies in the financial services industry, our ratings could be downgraded at any time and without advance notice by any rating agency.

Losses due to defaults by others, including issuers of investment securities or reinsurance, bond insurers and derivative instrument counterparties, downgrades in the ratings of securities we hold or of bond insurers, insolvencies of insurers in jurisdictions where we write business and other factors affecting our counterparties or the value of their securities could adversely affect the value of our investments, the realization of amounts contractually owed to us, result in assessments or additional statutory capital requirements or reduce our profitability or sources of liquidity.

Issuers and borrowers whose securities or loans we hold, customers, vendors, trading counterparties, counterparties under swaps and other derivative contracts, reinsurers, clearing agents, exchanges, clearing houses and other financial intermediaries and guarantors, including bond insurers, may default on their obligations to us or be unable to perform service functions that are significant to our business due to bankruptcy, insolvency, lack of liquidity, adverse economic conditions, operational failure, fraud or other reasons. Such defaults could have an adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition. A downgrade in the ratings of bond insurers could also result in declines in the value of our fixed maturity investments supported by guarantees from bond insurers.

In addition, we use derivative instruments to hedge various risks, including certain guaranteed minimum benefits contained in many of our variable annuity products. We enter into a variety of derivative instruments, including options, forwards, interest rate, credit default and currency swaps with a number of counterparties. Amounts that we expect to collect under current and future contracts, including, but not limited to reinsurance contracts, are subject to counterparty risk. Our obligations under our products are not changed by our hedging activities and we are liable for our obligations even if our derivative counterparties, including reinsurers, do not pay us. Such defaults could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

Under state insurance guaranty association laws and similar laws in international jurisdictions, we are subject to assessments, based on the share of business we write in the relevant jurisdiction, for certain obligations of insolvent insurance companies to policyholders and claimants.

We use reinsurance as part of our capital management with respect to our Closed Block Business. Ratings downgrades or financial difficulties of reinsurers may require us to utilize additional capital with respect to that business.

Certain Product Related Risks

Guarantees within certain of our products that protect policyholders may decrease our earnings or increase the volatility of our results of operations or financial position under U.S. GAAP if our hedging or risk management strategies prove ineffective or insufficient.

Certain of our products, particularly our variable annuity products, include guarantees of minimum surrender values or income streams for stated periods or for life, which may be in excess of account values. Downturns in equity markets, increased equity volatility, or (as discussed above) reduced interest rates could result in an increase in the valuation of liabilities associated with such guarantees, resulting in increases in reserves and reductions in net income. We use a variety of hedging and risk management strategies, including product features, to mitigate these risks in part. These strategies may, however, not be fully effective. We may also choose not to fully hedge these risks. Hedging instruments may not effectively offset the costs of guarantees or may otherwise be insufficient in relation to our obligations. Hedging instruments also may not change in value correspondingly with associated liabilities due to equity market or interest rate conditions or other reasons. We sometimes choose to hedge these risks on a basis that does not correspond to their anticipated or actual impact upon our results of operations or financial position under U.S. GAAP. Changes from period to period in the valuation of these policy benefits, and in the amount of our obligations effectively hedged, will result in volatility

in our results of operations and financial position under U.S. GAAP. Estimates and assumptions we make in connection with hedging activities may fail to reflect or correspond to our actual long-term exposure in respect of our guarantees. Further, the risk of increases in the costs of our guarantees not covered by our hedging and other capital and risk management strategies may become more significant due to changes in policyholder behavior driven by market conditions or other factors. The above factors, individually or collectively, may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition or liquidity.

We may not be able to mitigate the reserve strain associated with Regulation XXX and Guideline AXXX, potentially resulting in a negative impact on our capital position or in a need to increase prices and/or reduce sales of term or universal life products.

The states of domicile of our domestic insurance subsidiaries have in place a regulation entitled “Valuation of Life Insurance Policies,” commonly known as “Regulation XXX,” and a supporting Guideline entitled “The Application of the Valuation of Life Insurance Policies,” commonly known as “Guideline AXXX.” The Regulation and supporting Guideline require insurers to establish statutory reserves for term and universal life insurance policies with long-term premium guarantees that are consistent with the statutory reserves required for other individual life insurance policies with similar guarantees. Many market participants believe that this level of reserves is excessive, and we have implemented reinsurance and capital management actions to mitigate the impact of Regulation XXX and Guideline AXXX on our term and universal life insurance business. As we continue to underwrite term and universal life business, we expect to have borrowing needs to finance statutory reserves required under Regulation XXX and Guideline AXXX. However, if we are unsuccessful in obtaining additional financing as a result of market conditions or otherwise, this could require us to increase prices and or/reduce our sales of term or universal life products and/or have a negative impact on our capital position.

We may experience difficulty in marketing and distributing products through our current and future distribution channels.

Although we distribute our products through a wide variety of distribution channels, we do maintain relationships with certain key distributors. For example, a significant amount of our sales in Japan through banks is derived through a single major Japanese bank and a significant portion of our sales in Japan through Life Consultants is derived through a single association relationship. We periodically negotiate the terms of these relationships, and there can be no assurance that such terms will remain acceptable to us or such third parties. An interruption in certain key relationships could materially affect our ability to market our products and could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results and financial condition. Distributors may elect to reduce or terminate their distribution relationships with us, including for such reasons as adverse developments in our business, adverse rating agency actions or concerns about market-related risks. We are also at risk that key distribution partners may merge, change their business models in ways that affect how our products are sold, or terminate their distribution contracts with us, or that new distribution channels could emerge and adversely impact the effectiveness of our distribution efforts. An increase in bank and broker-dealer consolidation activity could increase competition for access to distributors, result in greater distribution expenses and impair our ability to market products through these channels. Consolidation of distributors and/or other industry changes may also increase the likelihood that distributors will try to renegotiate the terms of any existing selling agreements to terms less favorable to us.

When our products are distributed through unaffiliated firms, we may not be able to monitor or control the manner of their distribution despite our training and compliance programs. If our products are distributed by such firms in an inappropriate manner, or to customers for whom they are unsuitable, we may suffer reputational and other harm to our business.

Regulatory and Legal Risks

Our businesses are heavily regulated and changes in regulation may adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition.

Our businesses are subject to comprehensive regulation and supervision. The purpose of this regulation is primarily to protect our customers and not necessarily our shareholders. Many of the laws and regulations to which we are subject, including those to which our international businesses are subject, are regularly re-examined, and existing or future laws and regulations may become more restrictive or otherwise adversely affect our operations. The financial market dislocations we have experienced in the recent past have produced, and are expected to continue to produce, extensive changes in existing laws and regulations, and regulatory frameworks, applicable to our businesses in the U.S. and internationally.

Prudential Financial, the holding company for all of our operations, is subject to supervision by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (“FRB”) as a “Designated Financial Company” pursuant to the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (“Dodd-Frank”). As a Designated Financial Company, Prudential Financial is expected to be subject to substantial additional regulation as discussed further herein. In addition, the Financial Stability Board, consisting of representatives of national financial authorities of the G20 nations, identified Prudential Financial as a global systemically important insurer. As a result, U.S. financial regulators are expected to enhance their regulation of Prudential Financial to achieve a number of regulatory objectives. This additional regulation is likely to increase our operational, compliance and risk management costs, and could have an adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition, including potentially increasing our capital levels and therefore reducing our return on capital.

Prudential Financial is also subject to the rules and regulations of the SEC and the NYSE relating to public reporting and disclosure, securities trading, accounting and financial reporting, and corporate governance matters. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and rules and regulations adopted in furtherance of that Act substantially increased the requirements in these and other areas for public companies such as Prudential Financial. Our internal controls over financial reporting may have gaps or other deficiencies and there is no assurance that significant deficiencies or material weaknesses in internal controls may not occur in the future. Any such gaps or deficiencies may require significant resources to remediate and may also expose the Company to litigation, regulatory fines or penalties or other losses.

Many insurance regulatory and other governmental or self-regulatory bodies have the authority to review our products and business practices and those of our agents and employees and to bring regulatory or other legal actions against us if, in their view, our practices, or those of our agents or employees, are improper. These actions can result in substantial fines, penalties or prohibitions or restrictions on our business activities and could adversely affect our business, reputation, results of operations or financial condition.

Congress from time to time enacts pension reform legislation that could decrease or increase the attractiveness of certain of our retirement products and services to retirement plan sponsors and administrators, or have an unfavorable or favorable effect on our ability to earn revenues from these products and services. Over time, these changes could hinder our sales of defined benefit pension products and services and cause sponsors to discontinue existing plans for which we provide asset management, administrative, or other services.

Insurance regulators continue to develop a principles-based reserving approach for life insurance products. The timing and the effect of these changes are uncertain.

Most of our U.S. operating insurance companies are licensed in New York, but none are domiciled in New York. The NY DFS has notified us that it does not agree with our calculation of statutory reserves (including the applicable credit for reinsurance) for New York purposes in respect of certain variable annuity products. We are currently in discussions with the NY DFS regarding the proper level of statutory reserves (including the applicable credit for reinsurance) for these products. If we are ultimately required to establish material additional reserves on a New York statutory accounting basis or post material amounts of additional collateral with respect to such variable annuity or other products, our ability to deploy capital held within our U.S. domestic insurance subsidiaries for other purposes could be affected.

Recently, the NAIC, the NY DFS and other regulators have increased their focus on life insurers’ use of captive reinsurance companies. We use captive reinsurance subsidiaries in our domestic insurance operations to more effectively manage our reserves and capital on an economic basis and to enable the aggregation and transfer of risks. We cannot predict what, if any, changes may result from the regulatory reviews. If applicable

insurance laws are changed in a way that impairs the use of captive reinsurance companies, our ability to write certain products and efficiently manage their associated risks could be adversely affected and we may need to increase prices on certain products, modify certain products or find alternate financing sources, any of which could adversely affect our competitiveness, capital and financial position and results of operations. See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Liquidity and Capital Resources—Captive Reinsurance Companies” for information on our use of captive reinsurance companies.

The NAIC is reviewing life insurers’ use of separate accounts that are insulated (where assets of the separate account equal to the reserves and other contract liabilities with respect to the account may not be charged with liabilities arising out of any other business of the company) for products that are not variable, which might lead to a recommendation against the allowance of insulation for certain products. We cannot predict what, if any, changes may result from this review and possible recommendations. If applicable insurance laws are changed in a way that impairs the use of insulation for certain contracts, our ability to compete effectively in certain markets may be adversely affected. In addition, our financial results and liquidity and capital position may also be adversely affected.

The failure of Prudential Insurance and our other domestic insurance subsidiaries to meet applicable Risk Based Capital, or RBC, requirements or minimum statutory capital and surplus requirements could subject those subsidiaries to further examination or corrective action by state insurance regulators. The failure to maintain the RBC ratios of Prudential Insurance and our other domestic insurance subsidiaries at desired levels could also adversely impact our competitive position, including as a result of downgrades to our financial strength ratings. Our international insurance companies are subject to conceptually similar measures of capital adequacy, including solvency margin ratios for our Japanese insurance companies, and we face similar risks as those described for our domestic companies in the event that we are unable to maintain these measures at adequate levels. Further, adverse financial performance in the Closed Block Business in Prudential Insurance, including adverse investment performance, may adversely affect Prudential Insurance’s RBC ratios in the short term, although dividends to Closed Block policyholders may be subsequently adjusted to reflect such performance.

Currently, there are several proposals to amend state insurance holding company laws to increase the scope of the regulation of insurance holding companies (such as Prudential Financial). These proposals include imposing standards for insurer corporate governance, risk management, group-wide supervision of insurance holding companies, adjustments to risk-based capital calculations to account for group-wide risks, and additional regulatory and disclosure requirements for insurance holding companies. In addition, state insurance regulators have focused attention on U.S. insurance solvency regulation pursuant to the NAIC’s “Solvency Modernization Initiative”, including regulatory review of companies’ risk management practices and analyses. This initiative has resulted in the recent adoption of the NAIC Risk Management and Own Risk and Solvency Assessment model act which, following enactment at the state level, will require larger insurers, beginning in 2015, to assess the adequacy of their and their group’s risk management and current and future solvency position. At this time, we cannot predict with any degree of certainty what additional capital requirements, compliance costs or other burdens these requirements may impose on Prudential Financial.

Compliance with applicable laws and regulations is time consuming and personnel-intensive, and changes in these laws and regulations may materially increase our direct and indirect compliance and other expenses of doing business, thus having a material adverse effect on our financial condition or results of operations.

See “Business—Regulation” for discussion of regulation of our businesses.

The Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act has and will subject us to substantial additional federal regulation and we cannot predict the effect on our business, results of operations, cash flows or financial condition.

On September 19, 2013, the Financial Stability Oversight Council (the “Council”) made a final determination that Prudential Financial should be subject to stricter prudential regulatory standards and supervision by the FRB as a “Designated Financial Company” pursuant to Dodd-Frank, thereby subjecting us to substantial federal regulation, much of it pursuant to regulations not yet promulgated. Dodd-Frank directs existing and newly-created government agencies and bodies to promulgate regulations implementing the law, a process that is underway and expected to continue over the next few years. We cannot predict with any certainty the requirements of the regulations recently or not yet adopted or how Dodd-Frank and such regulations will

affect the financial markets generally, impact our business, credit or financial strength ratings, results of operations, cash flows or financial condition or advise or require us to hold or raise additional capital. Key aspects of Dodd-Frank’s impact on us include:

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As a Designated Financial Company, Prudential Financial is now subject to supervision and examination by the Federal Reserve Bank of Boston and to stricter prudential standards, which include or will include requirements and limitations (some of which are the subject of ongoing rule-making) relating to risk-based capital, leverage, liquidity and credit concentration, and a requirement to prepare and submit an annual plan for rapid and orderly dissolution in the event of severe financial distress. Failure to meet defined measures of financial condition could result in substantial restrictions on our business and capital distributions. We are now also subject to stress tests to be promulgated by the FRB which could cause us to alter our business practices or affect the perceptions of regulators, rating agencies, customers, counterparties or investors of our financial strength. We cannot predict the requirements of the regulations not yet adopted or how the FRB will apply these prudential standards to us as a Designated Financial Company. As a Designated Financial Company, Prudential Financial must also seek pre-approval from the FRB for acquisition of certain companies engaged in financial activities.

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As a Designated Financial Company, we could also be subject to additional capital requirements for, and other restrictions on, proprietary trading and sponsorship of, and investment in, hedge, private equity and other covered funds.

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The Council could recommend new or heightened standards and safeguards for activities or practices in which we and other financial services companies engage. We cannot predict whether any such recommendations will be made or their effect on our business, results of operations, cash flows or financial condition.

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Dodd-Frank creates a new framework for regulation of the over-the-counter (“OTC”) derivatives markets which could impact various activities of Prudential Global Funding (“PGF”), Prudential Financial and our insurance subsidiaries, which use derivatives for various purposes (including hedging interest rate, foreign currency and equity market exposures). Final regulations adopted could substantially increase the cost of hedging and related operations, affect the profitability of our products or their attractiveness to our clients or cause us to alter our hedging strategy or implementation thereof or increase and/or change the composition of the risks we do not hedge.

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Title II of Dodd-Frank provides that a financial company such as Prudential Financial may be subject to a special orderly liquidation process outside the federal bankruptcy code, administered by the FDIC as receiver, upon a determination that the company is in default or in danger of default and presents a systemic risk to U.S. financial stability. We cannot predict how creditors of Prudential Financial or its insurance and non-insurance subsidiaries, including the holders of Prudential Financial debt, will evaluate this potential or whether it will impact our financing or hedging costs.

See “Business—Regulation” for further discussion of the impact of Dodd-Frank on our businesses.

Foreign governmental actions could subject us to substantial additional regulation.

In addition to the adoption of Dodd-Frank in the United States, the Financial Stability Board (FSB), consisting of representatives of national financial authorities of the G20 nations, and the G20 have issued a series of proposals intended to produce significant changes in how financial companies, particularly companies that are members of large and complex financial groups, should be regulated.

On July 18, 2013, the FSB identified Prudential Financial as a global systemically important insurer (“G-SII”). The framework policy measures for G-SIIs published by the International Association of Insurance Supervisors (the “IAIS”) include enhanced group-wide supervision, enhanced capital standards (including basic capital requirements applicable to all group activities and higher loss absorption capacity requirements for business deemed to be non-traditional/non-insurance), enhanced liquidity planning and management, and development of a risk reduction plan and recovery and resolution plans. Policy measures applicable to G-SIIs would need to be implemented by legislation or regulation in each applicable jurisdiction. We cannot predict the outcome of our identification as a G-SII on the regulation of our businesses.

At the direction of the FSB, the IAIS is developing a model framework (“ComFrame”) for the supervision of internationally active insurance groups (“IAIGs”) that contemplates “group wide supervision” across national boundaries, including uniform standards for insurer corporate governance and enterprise risk management, a framework for group capital adequacy assessment that accounts for group-wide risks, and the establishment of ongoing supervisory colleges. Prudential Financial qualifies as an IAIG. In October 2013, the IAIS announced that it expects to develop a risk-based global insurance capital standard applicable to IAIGs with implementation scheduled to begin in 2019. At this time, we cannot predict what additional capital requirements, compliance costs or other burdens these requirements would impose on us, if adopted.

The lawmakers and regulatory authorities in a number of jurisdictions in which we do business have already begun introducing legislative and regulatory changes consistent with G20 and FSB recommendations, including proposals governing consolidated regulation of insurance holdings companies by the Financial Services Agency (FSA) in Japan and proposals governing executive compensation by the financial regulators in Germany (BaFIN) and the United Kingdom. In addition, the prudential regulation of insurance and reinsurance companies across the European Economic Area (“EEA”) is due for significant change under the Solvency II Directive, which was adopted on November 25, 2009 and could come into force as early as January 2016. This new regime will effect a full revision of the insurance industry’s solvency framework and prudential regime and may have significant implications for non-European insurance groups, like ourselves, that have established insurance undertakings within the EEA.

We cannot predict with any certainty the effect these initiatives may have on the financial markets or on our business, results of operations, cash flows and financial condition.

Adverse market, economic and financial conditions in Europe have given rise to a perceived risk of defaults on the government securities of certain European countries and potentially by financial institutions with significant direct or indirect exposure to such government securities. Further regulatory initiatives may develop in response to these conditions and related political and economic events such as possible changes in the euro or to the structure or membership of the European Monetary Union.

Changes in accounting requirements could negatively impact our reported results of operations and our reported financial position.

Accounting standards are continuously evolving and subject to change. For example, the FASB and International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) have ongoing projects to revise accounting standards for insurance contracts. While the final resolution of changes to U.S. GAAP and International Financial Reporting Standards pursuant to these projects is unclear, changes to the manner in which we account for insurance products, or other changes in accounting standards, could have a material effect on our reported results of operations and financial condition. Further, changes in accounting standards may impose special demands on issuers in areas such as corporate governance, internal controls and disclosure, and may result in substantial conversion costs to implement.

Changes in U.S. federal income tax law or in the income tax laws of other jurisdictions in which we operate could make some of our products less attractive to consumers and increase our tax costs.

There is uncertainty regarding U.S. taxes both for individuals and corporations. Discussions in Washington continue concerning the need to reform the tax code, primarily by lowering the tax rates and broadening the base by reducing or eliminating certain tax expenditures. Reducing or eliminating certain tax expenditures could make our products less attractive to customers. It is unclear whether or when Congress may take up overall tax reform and what would be the impact of reform on the Company and its products.

However, even in the absence of overall tax reform, the large federal deficit, as well as the budget constraints faced by many states and localities, increases the likelihood that Congress and state and local governments will raise revenue by enacting legislation increasing the taxes paid by individuals and corporations. This can be accomplished either by raising rates or otherwise changing the tax rules.

Congress from time to time considers legislation that could make our products less attractive to consumers. Current U.S. federal income tax laws generally permit certain holders to defer taxation on the build-up of value of annuities and life insurance products until payments are actually made to the policyholder or other beneficiary and to exclude from taxation the death benefit paid under a life insurance contract. While higher tax rates increase the benefits of tax deferral on the build-up of value of annuities and life insurance, making our products more attractive to consumers, legislation that reduces or eliminates deferral would have a potential negative effect on our products.

Congress, as well as state and local governments, also considers from time to time legislation that could increase the amount of corporate taxes we pay, thereby reducing earnings. For example, changes in the law relating to tax reserving methodologies for term life or universal life insurance policies with secondary guarantees or other products could result in higher current taxes.

The Obama Administration’s Revenue Proposals include proposals which, if enacted, would affect the taxation of life insurance companies and certain life insurance products. In particular, the proposals would affect the treatment of corporate owned life insurance policies, or COLI, by limiting the availability of certain interest deductions for companies that purchase those policies. The proposals would also change the method used to determine the amount of dividend income received by a life insurance company on assets held in separate accounts used to support products, including variable life insurance and variable annuity contracts that is eligible for the dividends received deduction, or DRD. The DRD reduces the amount of dividend income subject to tax and is a significant component of the difference between our actual tax expense and the expected tax amount determined using the federal statutory tax rate of 35%. If proposals of this type were enacted, the Company’s sale of COLI, variable annuities, and variable life insurance products could be adversely affected and the Company’s actual tax expense could increase, thereby reducing earnings.

The Administration’s Revenue Proposals also include changes to the method by which U.S. multinational corporations claim foreign tax credits and the timing of the deduction for interest expense that is allocable to foreign-source income. If proposals of this type were enacted, the Company’s actual tax expense could increase, thereby reducing earnings.

The products we sell have different tax characteristics, in some cases generating tax deductions for the Company. The level of profitability of certain of our products is significantly dependent on these characteristics and our ability to continue to generate taxable income, which is taken into consideration when pricing products and is a component of our capital management strategies. Accordingly, changes in tax law, our ability to generate taxable income, or other factors impacting the availability or value of the tax characteristics generated by our products, could impact product pricing and returns or require us to reduce our sales of these products or implement other actions that could be disruptive to our businesses. In addition, the adoption of “principles based” approaches for statutory reserves may lead to significant changes to the way tax reserves are determined and thus reduce future tax deductions.

Our ability to meet obligations, pay shareholder dividends, and to engage in share repurchases may be adversely affected by limitations imposed on dividends and other distributions from our subsidiaries.

Prudential Financial is the holding company for all our operations, and dividends, returns of capital and interest income from its subsidiaries are the principal source of funds available to Prudential Financial to pay shareholder dividends, to make share repurchases and to meet its other obligations. These sources of funds may be complemented by Prudential Financial’s access, if available, to the capital markets and bank facilities. As described under “Business—Regulation” and Note 15 to the Consolidated Financial Statements, our domestic and foreign insurance and various other subsidiary companies, are subject to regulatory limitations on the payment of dividends and on other transfers of funds to Prudential Financial. In addition to these regulatory limitations, the terms of the IHC debt contain restrictions potentially limiting dividends by Prudential Insurance applicable to the Financial Services Businesses in the event the Closed Block Business is in financial distress and under other circumstances. Finally, our management of our subsidiaries to have capitalization consistent with their ratings objectives itself may constrain their payment of dividends. These restrictions on Prudential Financial’s subsidiaries may limit or prevent such subsidiaries from making dividend payments to Prudential Financial in an amount sufficient to fund Prudential Financial’s obligations, shareholder dividends and share

repurchases. From time to time, the NAIC and various state and foreign insurance regulators have considered, and may in the future consider, proposals to further limit dividend payments that an insurance company may make without regulatory approval.

Legal and regulatory actions are inherent in our businesses and could adversely affect our results of operations or financial position or harm our businesses or reputation.

We are, and in the future may be, subject to legal and regulatory actions in the ordinary course of our businesses, including in businesses that we have divested or placed in wind-down status. Some of these proceedings have been brought on behalf of various alleged classes of complainants. In certain of these matters, the plaintiffs are seeking large and/or indeterminate amounts, including punitive or exemplary damages. Legal liability or adverse publicity in respect of these or future legal or regulatory actions could have an adverse affect on us or cause us reputational harm, which in turn could harm our business prospects.

Material pending litigation and regulatory matters affecting us, and certain risks to our businesses presented by such matters, are discussed under “Commitments and Guarantees, Contingent Liabilities and Litigation and Regulatory Matters” in the Note 23 to Consolidated Financial Statements. Our litigation and regulatory matters are subject to many uncertainties, and given their complexity and scope, their outcome cannot be predicted. Our reserves for litigation and regulatory matters may prove to be inadequate. It is possible that our results of operations or cash flow in a particular quarterly or annual period could be materially affected by an ultimate unfavorable resolution of pending litigation and regulatory matters depending, in part, upon the results of operations or cash flow for such period. In light of the unpredictability of the Company’s litigation and regulatory matters, it is also possible that in certain cases an ultimate unfavorable resolution of one or more pending litigation or regulatory matters could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position.

We may not be able to protect our intellectual property and may be subject to infringement claims.

We rely on a combination of contractual rights with employees and third parties and on copyright, trademark, patent and trade secret laws to establish and protect our intellectual property. Although we endeavor to protect our rights, third parties may infringe or misappropriate our intellectual property. We may have to litigate to enforce and protect our copyrights, trademarks, patents, trade secrets and know-how or to determine their scope, validity or enforceability. This would represent a diversion of resources that may be significant and our efforts may not prove successful. The inability to secure or protect our intellectual property assets could have a material adverse effect on our business and our ability to compete.

We may be subject to claims by third parties for (i) patent, trademark or copyright infringement, (ii) breach of copyright, trademark or license usage rights, or (iii) misappropriation of trade secrets. Any such claims and any resulting litigation could result in significant expense and liability for damages. If we were found to have infringed or misappropriated a third-party patent or other intellectual property right, we could in some circumstances be enjoined from providing certain products or services to our customers or from utilizing and benefiting from certain methods, processes, copyrights, trademarks, trade secrets or licenses. Alternatively, we could be required to enter into costly licensing arrangements with third parties or implement a costly work around. Any of these scenarios could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations.

Operational Risks

We depend heavily on our telecommunication, information technology and other operational systems and on the integrity and timeliness of data we use to run our businesses and service our customers. These systems may fail to operate properly or become disabled as a result of events or circumstances wholly or partly beyond our control. Further, we face the risk of operational and technology failures by others, including clearing agents, exchanges and other financial intermediaries and of vendors and parties to which we outsource the provision of

services or business operations. If these parties do not perform as anticipated, we may experience operational difficulties, increased costs and other adverse effects on our business. These risks are heightened by our offering of increasingly complex products, such as those that feature automatic asset transfer or re-allocation strategies, and by our employment of complex investment, trading and hedging programs.

Despite our implementation of a variety of security measures, our information technology and other systems could be subject to physical or electronic break-ins, unauthorized tampering or other security breaches, resulting in a failure to maintain the security, confidentiality or privacy of sensitive data, including personal information relating to customers, or in the misappropriation of our intellectual property or proprietary information.

Interruption in telecommunication, information technology and other operational systems, or a failure to maintain the security, confidentiality or privacy of sensitive data residing on such systems, whether due to actions by us or others, could delay or disrupt our ability to do business and service our customers, harm our reputation, subject us to substantial regulatory sanctions and other claims, lead to a loss of customers and revenues and otherwise adversely affect our business.

We face risks arising from acquisitions, divestitures and restructurings, including client losses, surrenders and withdrawals, difficulties in integrating and realizing the projected results of acquisitions and contingent liabilities with respect to dispositions.

We face a number of risks arising from acquisition transactions, including the risk that, following the acquisition or reorganization of a business, we could experience client losses, surrenders or withdrawals or other results materially different from those we anticipate, as well as difficulties in integrating and realizing the projected results of acquisitions and restructurings and managing the litigation and regulatory matters to which acquired entities are party. We have retained insurance or reinsurance obligations and other contingent liabilities in connection with our divestiture or winding down of various businesses, and our reserves for these obligations and liabilities may prove to be inadequate. These risks may adversely affect our results of operations or financial condition.

Other Risks

Our risk management policies and procedures may prove to be ineffective and leave us exposed to unidentified or unanticipated risk, which could adversely affect our businesses or result in losses.

We have developed an enterprise-wide risk management framework to mitigate risk and loss to the Company, and we maintain policies, procedures and controls intended to identify, measure, monitor, report and analyze the risks to which the Company is exposed.

However, there are inherent limitations to risk management strategies because there may exist, or develop in the future, risks that we have not appropriately anticipated or identified. If our risk management framework proves ineffective, the Company may suffer unexpected losses and could be materially adversely affected. As our businesses change and the markets in which we operate evolve, our risk management framework may not evolve at the same pace as those changes. As a result, there is a risk that new products or new business strategies may present risks that are not appropriately identified, monitored or managed. In times of market stress, unanticipated market movements or unanticipated claims experience resulting from greater than expected mortality, longevity or morbidity, the effectiveness of our risk management strategies may be limited, resulting in losses to the Company. In addition, under difficult or less liquid market conditions, our risk management strategies may not be effective because other market participants may be using the same or similar strategies to manage risk under the same challenging market conditions. In such circumstances, it may be difficult or more expensive for the Company to mitigate risk due to the activity of such other market participants.

Many of our risk management strategies or techniques are based upon historical customer and market behavior and all such strategies and techniques are based to some degree on management’s subjective judgment. We cannot provide assurance that our risk management framework, including the underlying assumptions or strategies, will be accurate and effective.

Management of operational, legal and regulatory risks requires, among other things, policies, procedures and controls to record properly and verify a large number of transactions and events, and these policies, procedures and controls may not be fully effective.

Models are utilized by our businesses and corporate areas primarily to project future cash flows associated with pricing products, calculating reserves and valuing assets, as well as in evaluating risk and determining capital requirements, among other uses. These models may not operate properly and rely on assumptions and projections that are inherently uncertain. As our businesses continue to grow and evolve, the number and complexity of models we utilize expands, increasing our exposure to error in the design, implementation or use of models, including the associated input data and assumptions.

Past or future misconduct by our employees or employees of our vendors could result in violations of law by us, regulatory sanctions and/or serious reputational or financial harm and the precautions we take to prevent and detect this activity may not be effective in all cases. There can be no assurance that controls and procedures that we employ, which are designed to monitor associates’ business decisions and prevent us from taking excessive or inappropriate risks, will be effective. We review our compensation policies and practices as part of our overall risk management program, but it is possible that our compensation policies and practices could inadvertently incentivize excessive or inappropriate risk taking. If our associates take excessive or inappropriate risks, those risks could harm our reputation and have a material adverse effect on our results of operations or financial condition.

In our investments in which we hold a minority interest, or that are managed by third parties, we lack management and operational control over operations, which may prevent us from taking or causing to be taken actions to protect or increase the value of those investments. In those jurisdictions where we are constrained by law from owning a majority interest in jointly owned operations, our remedies in the event of a breach by a joint venture partner may be limited (e.g., we may have no ability to exercise a “call” option).

The occurrence of natural or man-made disasters could adversely affect our operations, results of operations and financial condition.

The occurrence of natural disasters, including hurricanes, floods, earthquakes, tsunamis, tornadoes, fires, explosions, pandemic disease and man-made disasters, including acts of terrorism and military actions, could adversely affect our operations, results of operations or financial condition, including in the following respects:

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Catastrophic loss of life due to natural or man-made disasters could cause us to pay benefits at higher levels and/or materially earlier than anticipated and could lead to unexpected changes in persistency rates.

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A natural or man-made disaster could result in disruptions in our operations, losses in our investment portfolio or the failure of our counterparties to perform, or cause significant volatility in global financial markets.

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A terrorist attack affecting financial institutions in the United States or elsewhere could negatively impact the financial services industry in general and our business operations, investment portfolio and profitability in particular.

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Pandemic disease could have a severe adverse effect on Prudential Financial’s business. The potential impact of such a pandemic on Prudential Financial’s results of operations and financial position is highly speculative, and would depend on numerous factors, including: the effectiveness of vaccines and the rate of contagion; the regions of the world most affected; the effectiveness of treatment for the infected population; the rates of mortality and morbidity among various segments of the insured population; the collectability of reinsurance; the possible macroeconomic effects of a pandemic on the Company’s asset portfolio; the effect on lapses and surrenders of existing policies, as well as sales of new policies; and many other variables.

The above risks are more pronounced in respect of geographic areas, including major metropolitan centers, where we have concentrations of customers, including under group and individual life insurance, concentrations of employees or significant operations, and in respect of countries and regions in which we operate subject to a greater potential threat of military action or conflict.

There can be no assurance that our business continuation plans and insurance coverages would be effective in mitigating any negative effects on our operations or profitability in the event of a terrorist attack or other disaster.

Climate change, and its regulation, may affect the prospects of companies and other entities whose securities we hold and other counterparties, including reinsurers, and affect the value of investments, including real estate investments we hold or manage for others. Our current evaluation is that the near term effects of climate change and climate change regulation on the Company are not material, but we cannot predict the long term impacts on us from climate change or its regulation.

We have substantial international operations and our international operations face political, legal, operational and other risks that could adversely affect those operations or our profitability.

A substantial portion of our revenues and income from continuing operations is derived from our operations outside the U.S., primarily Japan and Korea. These operations are subject to restrictions on transferring funds out of the countries in which they are located. Some of our foreign insurance and investment management operations are, and are likely to continue to be, in emerging markets where this risk, as well as risks of discriminatory regulation, labor issues in connection with workers’ associations and trade unions, price controls, currency exchange controls, nationalization or expropriation of assets, are heightened. If our business model is not successful in a particular country, we may lose all or most of our investment in building and training our sales force in that country.

Many of our insurance products sold in international markets, including Japan, provide for the buildup of cash values for the policyholder at contractually fixed guaranteed interest rates. Actual returns on the underlying investments may not necessarily support the guaranteed interest rates and there may be times when the spread between the actual investment returns and these guaranteed rates of return to the policyholder is negative. This negative spread may not be offset by the mortality, morbidity and expense charges we earn on the products.

Our international businesses are subject to the tax laws and regulations of the countries in which they are organized and in which they operate. Foreign governments from time to time consider legislation that could increase the amount of taxes that we pay or impact the sales of our products. Such changes could result in a decrease in sales of our products or in our profits.

Our international operations are regulated in the jurisdictions in which they are located or operate. These regulations may apply heightened scrutiny to non-domestic companies, which can reduce our flexibility as to intercompany transactions, investments and other aspects of business operations and adversely affect our liquidity, profitability, and regulatory capital.

Intense competition, including the impact of government sponsored programs and other actions on us and our competitors, could adversely affect our ability to maintain or increase our market share or profitability.

In each of our businesses we face intense competition from domestic and foreign insurance companies, asset managers and diversified financial institutions, both for the ultimate customers for our products and, in many businesses, for distribution through non-affiliated distribution channels. We compete based on a number of factors including brand recognition, reputation, quality of service, quality of investment advice, investment performance of our products, product features, scope of distribution and distribution arrangements, price, perceived financial strength and credit and financial strength ratings. A decline in our competitive position as to one or more of these factors could adversely affect our profitability and assets under management. Many of our competitors are large and well-established and some have greater market share or breadth of distribution, offer a broader range of products, services or features, assume a greater level of risk, have lower profitability expectations or have higher financial strength or credit ratings than we do. The proliferation and growth of non-affiliated distribution channels puts pressure on our captive sales channels to increase their productivity and reduce their costs in order to remain competitive, and we run the risk that the marketplace will make a more significant or rapid shift to non-affiliated or direct distribution alternatives than we anticipate or are able to achieve ourselves, potentially adversely affecting our market share and results of operations. In certain

international markets in which we operate, we face competition from government owned entities that benefit from pricing or other competitive advantages. The competitive landscape in which we operate may be further affected by government sponsored programs, as well as by longer term fiscal policies, adopted in the U.S. and outside of the U.S. in response to dislocations in financial markets and the economy. Competitors that receive governmental financing or other assistance or subsidies, including governmental guarantees of their obligations, or that are not subject to the same regulatory constraints, may have or obtain pricing or other competitive advantages. Changes in laws and regulations in response to adverse market and economic conditions may result in us being classified differently than competitors for purposes of capital and other requirements, potentially affecting our ability to compete and the competitive landscape generally.

Competition for personnel in all of our businesses is intense, including for executive officers and management personnel, Prudential Agents, Life Planners, Life Consultants and other sales personnel, and our investment managers. We devote significant efforts to talent management and development and are subject to the risk that executive, management and other personnel will be hired or recruited by competitors. Competition for desirable non-affiliated distribution channels is also intense. The loss of key personnel or non-affiliated distribution channels could have an adverse effect on our business and profitability.

Regulatory requirements could delay, deter or prevent a takeover attempt that shareholders might consider in their best interests.

Various states, in which our insurance companies are domiciled, including New Jersey, must approve any direct or indirect change of control of insurance companies organized in those states. The U.S. federal securities laws could also require reapproval by customers of our investment advisory contracts to manage mutual funds, including mutual funds included in annuity products, upon a change in control. In addition, the New Jersey Business Corporation Act prohibits certain business combinations with interested shareholders. These regulatory and other restrictions may delay a potential merger or sale of Prudential Financial, even if the Board of Directors decides that it is in the best interests of shareholders to merge or be sold.

Holders of our Common Stock are subject to risks due to the issuance of our Class B Stock, a second class of common stock.

The businesses of Prudential Financial are separated into the Financial Services Businesses and the Closed Block Business, and our Common Stock reflects the performance of the Financial Services Businesses and the Class B Stock reflects the performance of the Closed Block Business. There are a number of risks to holders of our Common Stock by virtue of this dual common stock structure, including:

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Even though we allocate all our consolidated assets, liabilities, revenue, expenses and cash flow between the Financial Services Businesses and the Closed Block Business for financial statement purposes, there is no legal separation between the Financial Services Businesses and the Closed Block Business. Holders of Common Stock have no interest in a separate legal entity representing the Financial Services Businesses; holders of the Class B Stock have no interest in a separate legal entity representing the Closed Block Business; and therefore holders of each class of common stock are subject to all of the risks associated with an investment in the Company.

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The financial results of the Closed Block Business, including debt service on the IHC debt, will affect Prudential Financial’s consolidated results of operations, financial position and borrowing costs. Assets of PHLLC allocated to the Financial Services Businesses, including assets in the DSCA established for the security of the holders of the IHC debt and reinvested earnings thereon, could be used to satisfy the IHC debt. To the extent cash flows associated with the Closed Block Business within the DSCA are not adequate to service payments with respect to the IHC debt, a loan from the Financial Services Businesses to the Closed Block Business would be established. This could affect the results of operations, financial position or borrowing costs of the Financial Services Businesses. The repayment to the Financial Services Businesses of any inter-business loan created upon the use of the DSCA to service the IHC debt will be subordinate to the repayment of the IHC debt. For a more detailed discussion of the IHC debt, see “Business—Demutualization and Separation of the Businesses—Separation of the Businesses”.

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The market value of our Common Stock may not reflect solely the performance of the Financial Services Businesses.

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We cannot pay cash dividends on our Common Stock for any period if we choose not to pay dividends on the Class B Stock in an aggregate amount at least equal to the lesser of the CB Distributable Cash Flow or the Target Dividend Amount on the Class B Stock for that period. See “Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities” for the definition of these terms. Any net losses of the Closed Block Business, and any dividends or distributions on, or repurchases of the Class B Stock, would reduce the assets of Prudential Financial legally available for dividends on the Common Stock.

•

Holders of Common Stock and Class B Stock vote together as a single class of common stock under New Jersey law, except as otherwise required by law and except that the holders of the Class B Stock have class voting or consent rights with respect to specified matters directly affecting the Class B Stock.

•

Shares of Class B Stock are entitled to a higher proportionate amount upon any liquidation, dissolution or winding-up of Prudential Financial than shares of Common Stock.

•

We may exchange the Class B Stock for shares of Common Stock at any time and holders of Class B Stock may convert their shares into Common Stock beginning in 2016. The Class B Stock also is mandatorily exchangeable in the event of a sale of all or substantially all of the Closed Block Business or a “change of control” of Prudential Financial, as discussed under “Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities.” Any exchange of Class B Stock into Common Stock could occur at a time when either or both of the Common Stock and Class B Stock may be considered to be overvalued or undervalued. Any conversion may have a dilutive effect on holders of Common Stock.

Our Board of Directors has adopted certain policies regarding inter-business transfers and accounting and tax matters, including the allocation of earnings, with respect to the Financial Services Businesses and Closed Block Business. Although the Board of Directors may change any of these policies, any such decision is subject to the Board of Directors’ general fiduciary duties, and we have agreed with investors in the Class B Stock and the insurer of the IHC debt that, in most cases, the Board of Directors may not change these policies without their consent.

ITEM 1B.

UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

None.

ITEM 1C.

EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT

The names of the executive officers of Prudential Financial and their respective ages and positions, as of February 27, 2014, were as follows:


Name	Age		Title	Other Public Directorships
John R. Strangfeld, Jr.		60	Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and President	None
Mark B. Grier		61	Vice Chairman	None
Edward P. Baird		65	Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer, International Businesses	None
Susan L. Blount		56	Executive Vice President and General Counsel	None
Robert M. Falzon		54	Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer	None
Charles F. Lowrey		56	Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer, U.S. Businesses	None
Barbara G. Koster		59	Senior Vice President and Chief Information Officer	None
Richard F. Lambert		57	Senior Vice President and Chief Actuary	None
Nicholas C. Silitch		52	Senior Vice President and Chief Risk Officer	None
Scott G. Sleyster		54	Senior Vice President and Chief Investment Officer	None
Sharon C. Taylor		59	Senior Vice President, Human Resources	New Jersey Resources

Biographical information about Prudential Financial executive officers is as follows:

John R. Strangfeld, Jr. was elected Chairman of Prudential Financial in May 2008 and has served as Chief Executive Officer, President and Director since January 2008. He is a member of the Office of the Chairman and served as Vice Chairman of Prudential Financial from August 2002 to December 2007. He was Executive Vice President of Prudential Financial from February 2001 to August 2002. He served as Chief Executive Officer, Prudential Investment Management of Prudential Insurance from October 1998 until April 2002 and Chairman of the Board and CEO of Prudential Securities (renamed Prudential Equity Group, LLC) from December 2000 to April 2008. He has been with Prudential since July 1977, serving in various management positions, including Senior Managing Director, The Private Asset Management Group from 1995 to 1998; and Chairman, PRICOA Capital Group (London) Europe from 1989 to 1995.

Mark B. Grier was elected Director of Prudential Financial in January 2008 and has served as Vice Chairman since August 2002. He served as a director of Prudential Financial from December 1999 to January 2001, Executive Vice President from December 2000 to August 2002 and as Vice President of Prudential Financial from January 2000 to December 2000. He served as Chief Financial Officer of Prudential Insurance from May 1995 to June 1997. Since May 1995 he has variously served as Executive Vice President, Corporate Governance; Executive Vice President, Financial Management; Vice Chairman, Financial Management; and Vice Chairman, International. Prior to joining Prudential, Mr. Grier was an executive with Chase Manhattan Corporation.

Edward P. Baird was elected Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer, International Businesses, of Prudential Financial and Prudential Insurance in January 2008. He served as Senior Vice President of Prudential Insurance from January 2002 to January 2008. Mr. Baird joined Prudential in 1979 and has served

in various executive roles, including President of Pruco Life Insurance Company from January 1990 to December 1990; Senior Vice President for Agencies, Individual Life from January 1991 to June 1996; Senior Vice President, Prudential Healthcare from July 1996 to July 1999; Country Manager (Tokyo, Japan), International Investments Group from August 1999 to August 2002; and President of Group Insurance from August 2002 to January 2008.

Susan L. Blount was elected Executive Vice President in June 2013 and General Counsel of Prudential Financial and Prudential Insurance in May 2005. Ms. Blount has been with Prudential since 1985. She has served in various supervisory positions since 2002, including Vice President and Chief Investment Counsel and Vice President and Enterprise Finance Counsel. She served as Vice President, Secretary and Associate General Counsel from 2000 to 2002 and Vice President and Secretary from 1995 to 2000.

Robert M. Falzon was elected Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Prudential Financial and Prudential Insurance in March 2013. Mr. Falzon has been with Prudential since 1983, serving in various positions including managing director at Prudential Real Estate Investors (“PREI”), head of PREI’s Global Merchant Banking Group and CEO of its European business. Mr. Falzon also served as Senior Vice President and Treasurer of Prudential Insurance and Prudential Financial from 2010 to 2013.

Charles F. Lowrey was elected Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer, U.S. Businesses, of Prudential Financial and Prudential Insurance in February 2011. He served as Chief Executive Officer and President of Prudential Investment Management, Inc. from January 2008 to February 2011; and as Chief Executive Officer of Prudential Real Estate Investors, our real estate investment management and advisory business from February 2002 to January 2008. He joined the Company in March 2001, after serving as a managing director and head of the Americas for J.P. Morgan’s Real Estate and Lodging Investment Banking group, where he began his investment banking career in 1988. He also spent four years as a managing partner of an architecture and development firm he founded in New York City.

Barbara G. Koster was elected Senior Vice President, Operations and Systems, of Prudential Financial in May 2011 and has been a Senior Vice President of Prudential Insurance Company of America since February 2004. Ms. Koster joined Prudential in November 1995 as the Vice President and Chief Information Officer of Individual Life Insurance Systems and was appointed as the Chief Information Officer of Prudential in 2004. Prior to joining Prudential, Ms. Koster held several positions with Chase Manhattan Bank, including that of President of Chase Access Services.

Richard F. Lambert was elected Senior Vice President and Chief Actuary of Prudential Financial and Prudential Insurance in May 2012. Mr. Lambert has been with Prudential since 1978, serving in various positions including Vice President and Actuary in Prudential’s domestic individual life insurance business from 1996 to 2004 and Senior Vice President and Chief Actuary of Prudential’s International Insurance division from 2004 to 2012.

Nicholas C. Silitch was elected Senior Vice President and Chief Risk Officer of Prudential Financial and Prudential Insurance in May 2012. He joined Prudential in 2010 as Chief Credit Officer and head of investment risk management. Prior to joining Prudential, Mr. Silitch held the position of Chief Risk Officer of the Alternative Investment Services, Broker Dealer Services and Pershing businesses within Bank of New York Mellon.

Scott G. Sleyster was elected Senior Vice President and Chief Investment Officer of Prudential Insurance and Prudential Financial in May 2012 and February 2013, respectively. Mr. Sleyster has been with Prudential since 1987, serving in a variety of positions, including head of Prudential’s Full Service Retirement business, president of Prudential’s Guaranteed Products business, chief financial officer for Prudential’s Employee Benefits Division, and has held roles in Prudential’s Treasury, Derivatives and Investment Management units.

Sharon C. Taylor was elected Senior Vice President, Human Resources for Prudential Financial in June 2002. She also serves as Senior Vice President, Human Resources for Prudential Insurance and the Chair of The Prudential Foundation. Ms. Taylor has been with Prudential since 1976, serving in various human resources and general management positions, including Vice President of Human Resources Communities of Practice, from

2000 to 2002; Vice President, Human Resources & Ethics Officer, Individual Financial Services, from 1998 to 2000; Vice President, Staffing and Employee Relations from 1996 to 1998; Management Internal Control Officer from 1994 to 1996; and Vice President, Human Resources and Administration from 1993 to 1994.

As announced on February 13, 2014, Mr. Baird is retiring as Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer, International Businesses, effective April 4, 2014 and will be succeeded by Mr. Lowrey. Mr. Lowrey will be succeeded by Stephen Pelletier, age 60, who is the Chief Executive Officer of the Company’s Group Insurance business. Mr. Pelletier previously served as President of Prudential Annuities and as Chairman and CEO of Prudential International Investments and has held several other leadership roles in the U.S. and around the world since joining the Company in 1992.

ITEM 2.

PROPERTIES

We own our headquarters building located at 751 Broad Street, Newark, New Jersey, which comprises approximately 0.6 million square feet. Excluding our headquarters building and properties used by the International Insurance division and Asset Management segment, which are discussed below, as of December 31, 2013, we own eight and lease 15 other principal properties throughout the U.S., some of which are used for home office functions. In addition, we are currently in the process of developing a new office building located in Newark, New Jersey, which will be used for home office functions. Our domestic operations also lease approximately 189 other locations throughout the U.S.

For our International Insurance segment, as of December 31, 2013, we own five home offices located in Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Brazil and Argentina, and lease three home offices located in Italy, Mexico, and Poland. We also own approximately 120 and lease approximately 550 other properties, primarily field offices, located throughout these same countries. For our Asset Management segment, which includes our international investment operations, as of December 31, 2013, we lease three home offices located in Japan, Taiwan and India. We also lease 13 international principal properties located in Brazil, Mexico, Japan, Hong Kong, Singapore, Korea, Germany, Australia and the United Kingdom, in addition to approximately 20 other branch and field offices within Europe and Asia.

We believe our properties are adequate and suitable for our business as currently conducted and are adequately maintained. The above properties do not include properties we own for investment-only purposes.

ITEM 3.

LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

See Note 23 to the Consolidated Financial Statements under “—Litigation and Regulatory Matters” for a description of material pending litigation and regulatory matters affecting us, and certain risks to our businesses presented by such matters.

ITEM 4.

MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.

PART II

ITEM 5.

MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

General

Prudential Financial’s Common Stock was issued to eligible policyholders in Prudential Insurance’s demutualization and sold to investors in Prudential Financial’s initial public offering. The Common Stock began trading on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “PRU” on December 13, 2001. The following table presents the high and low closing prices for the Common Stock on the New York Stock Exchange during the periods indicated and the dividends declared per share during such periods:


	High		Low		Dividends
2013:
Fourth Quarter	$	92.43	$	75.99	$	0.53
Third Quarter	$	82.62	$	73.30	$	0.40
Second Quarter	$	73.03	$	54.91	$	0.40
First Quarter	$	60.41	$	54.64	$	0.40

2012:
Fourth Quarter	$	59.89	$	48.74	$	1.60
Third Quarter	$	58.63	$	45.46		—
Second Quarter	$	64.50	$	44.74		—
First Quarter	$	64.65	$	51.30		—

On January 31, 2014, there were 1,612,274 registered holders of record for the Common Stock and 461 million shares outstanding.

The Class B Stock was issued to institutional investors (two subsidiaries of American International Group, Inc. and Pacific Life Corp.) in a private placement pursuant to Section 4(2) of the Securities Act of 1933 on the date of demutualization. There is no established public trading market for the Class B Stock. For the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012, Prudential Financial paid dividends totaling $9.625 per share of Class B Stock. On January 31, 2014, there were three holders of record for the Class B Stock and 2 million shares outstanding.

Prudential Financial’s Board of Directors currently intends to continue to declare and pay dividends on the Common Stock and Class B Stock. Future dividend decisions will be based on, and affected by, a number of factors including the financial performance of the Financial Services Businesses and Closed Block Business; our overall financial condition, results of operations, cash requirements and future prospects; regulatory restrictions including on the payment of dividends by Prudential Financial’s subsidiaries and requirements under Dodd-Frank; and such other factors as the Board of Directors may deem relevant. Dividends payable by Prudential Financial are limited to the amount that would be legally available for payment under New Jersey corporate law. For additional information on dividends and related regulatory restrictions, see Note 15 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

For additional information about our exchangeable surplus notes see Note 14 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

See Item 12 for information about our equity compensation plans.

Common Stock and Class B Stock

The Common Stock and the Class B Stock are separate classes of common stock under New Jersey corporate law.

Holders of Common Stock and Class B Stock will be entitled to dividends if and when declared by Prudential Financial’s Board of Directors out of funds legally available to pay those dividends. To the extent dividends are paid on the Class B Stock, shares of Class B Stock are repurchased or the Closed Block Business has net losses, the amount legally available for dividends on the Common Stock will be reduced. In addition, payment of dividends will be subject to the following additional conditions:

•

Common Stock will be entitled to receive dividends, if and when declared by Prudential Financial’s Board of Directors, only out of assets of the Financial Services Businesses legally available for the payment of dividends under the New Jersey Business Corporation Act as if the Financial Services Businesses were a separate New Jersey corporation; and

•

Class B Stock will be entitled to receive dividends, if and when declared by Prudential Financial’s Board of Directors, only out of assets of the Closed Block Business legally available for the payment of dividends under the New Jersey Business Corporation Act, as if the Closed Block Business were a separate New Jersey corporation.

Dividends declared and paid on the Common Stock will depend upon the financial performance of the Financial Services Businesses. Dividends declared and paid on the Class B Stock will depend upon the financial performance of the Closed Block Business and, as the Closed Block matures, the holders of the Class B Stock will receive the surplus of the Closed Block Business no longer required to support the Closed Block for regulatory purposes. Dividends on the Class B Stock will be payable in an aggregate amount per year at least equal to the lesser of (1) a “Target Dividend Amount” of $19.25 million or (2) the “CB Distributable Cash Flow,” as defined below, for such year, which is a measure of the net cash flows of the Closed Block Business. Notwithstanding this formula, as with any common stock, we retain the flexibility to suspend dividends on the Class B Stock; however, if CB Distributable Cash Flow exists for any period and Prudential Financial chooses not to pay dividends on the Class B Stock in an aggregate amount at least equal to the lesser of the CB Distributable Cash Flow or the Target Dividend Amount for that period, then cash dividends cannot be paid on the Common Stock with respect to such period. The principal component of “CB Distributable Cash Flow” will be the amount by which Surplus and Related Assets, determined according to statutory accounting principles, exceed surplus that would be required for the Closed Block Business considered as a separate insurer; provided, however, that “CB Distributable Cash Flow” counts such excess only to the extent distributable as a dividend by Prudential Insurance under specified, but not all, provisions of New Jersey insurance law. Subject to the discretion of the Board of Directors of Prudential Financial, we currently anticipate paying dividends on the Class B Stock at the Target Dividend Amount for the foreseeable future.

“CB Distributable Cash Flow” means, for any quarterly or annual period, the sum of (i) the excess of (a) the Surplus and Related Assets over (b) the “Required Surplus” applicable to the Closed Block Business within Prudential Insurance, to the extent that Prudential Insurance is able to distribute such excess as a dividend to Prudential Holdings, LLC (“PHLLC”) under New Jersey law without giving effect, directly or indirectly, to the “earned surplus” requirement of Section 17:27A-4c.(3) of the New Jersey Insurance Holding Company Systems Law, plus (ii) any amount held by PHLLC allocated to the Closed Block Business in excess of remaining debt service payments on the IHC debt. For purposes of the foregoing, “Required Surplus” means the amount of surplus applicable to the Closed Block Business within Prudential Insurance that would be required to maintain a quotient (expressed as a percentage) of (i) the “Total Adjusted Capital” applicable to the Closed Block Business within Prudential Insurance (including any applicable dividend reserves) divided by (ii) the “Company Action Level RBC” applicable to the Closed Block Business within Prudential Insurance, equal to 100%, where “Total Adjusted Capital” and “Company Action Level RBC” are as defined in the regulations promulgated under the New Jersey Dynamic Capital and Surplus Act of 1993. These amounts are determined according to statutory accounting principles.

The shares of Common Stock will vote together with the shares of Class B Stock on all matters (one share, one vote) except as otherwise required by law and except that holders of the Class B Stock will have class voting or consent rights with respect to specified matters directly affecting the Class B Stock.

Prudential Financial may, at its option, at any time, exchange all outstanding shares of Class B Stock into such number of shares of Common Stock as have an aggregate average market value equal to 120% of the appraised fair market value of the outstanding shares of Class B Stock. Holders of Class B Stock may exchange their shares of Class B Stock into such number of shares of Common Stock as have an aggregate average market value equal to 100% of the appraised fair market value of the outstanding shares of Class B Stock (1) in the holder’s sole discretion, beginning on January 1, 2016, and (2) at any time in the event of certain federal income tax or regulatory events. If Prudential Financial sells or otherwise disposes of all or substantially all of the Closed Block Business or a change of control of Prudential Financial occurs, Prudential Financial must exchange all outstanding shares of Class B Stock into such number of shares of Common Stock as have an aggregate average market value of 120% of the appraised fair market value of such shares of Class B Stock. For further information on the exchange provisions of the Class B Stock, see Note 15 to the Consolidated Financial Statements, the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Prudential Financial included as Exhibit 3.1 to this report, and the “Description of Capital Stock” contained in the Registration Statement included as Exhibit 2.1 to this report.

Any exchange of Class B Stock into Common Stock could occur at a time when either or both of the Common Stock and Class B Stock may be considered to be overvalued or undervalued. Any conversion may have a dilutive effect on holders of Common Stock.

If shares of Class B Stock are outstanding at the time of a liquidation, dissolution or winding-up of Prudential Financial, each share of Common Stock and Class B Stock will be entitled to a share of net liquidation proceeds in proportion to the respective liquidation units of such class. Each share of Common Stock will have one liquidation unit, and each share of Class B Stock will have 2.83215 liquidation units.

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

The following table provides information about purchases by the Company during the three months ended December 31, 2013 of its Common Stock.


Period	Total Number of Shares Purchased(1)		Average Price Paid per Share		Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Program(2)		Approximate Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet be Purchased under the Program(2)
October 1, 2013 through October 31, 2013		1,045,093	$	79.96		1,042,180
November 1, 2013 through November 30, 2013		959,078	$	86.95		958,389
December 1, 2013 through December 31, 2013		928,904	$	89.76		928,200

Total		2,933,075	$	85.35		2,928,769	$	500,000,000

(1)

Includes shares of Common Stock withheld from participants for income tax withholding purposes whose shares of restricted stock and restricted stock units vested during the period. Such restricted stock and restricted stock units were originally issued to participants pursuant to the Prudential Financial, Inc. Omnibus Incentive Plan that was adopted by the Company’s Board of Directors in March 2003 (as subsequently amended and restated).

(2)

In June 2013, the Board authorized the Company to repurchase up to $1.0 billion of its outstanding Common Stock during the twelve month period starting July 1, 2013 through June 30, 2014.

ITEM 6.

SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

We derived the selected consolidated income statement data for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, and the selected consolidated balance sheet data as of December 31, 2013 and 2012, from our Consolidated Financial Statements included elsewhere herein. We derived the selected consolidated income statement data for the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009, and the selected consolidated balance sheet data as of December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, from consolidated financial statements not included herein.

On January 2, 2013, we acquired The Hartford’s individual life insurance business through a reinsurance transaction. Under the agreement, the Company paid The Hartford cash consideration of $615 million, primarily in the form of a ceding commission to provide reinsurance for approximately 700,000 life insurance policies with

net retained face amount in force of approximately $141 billion. The acquisition increases the Company’s scale in the U.S. individual life insurance market, particularly universal life products, and provides complementary distribution opportunities through expanded wirehouse and bank distribution channels.

Results for the year ended December 31, 2012, include approximately $32 billion of premiums reflecting two significant pension risk transfer transactions. On November 1, 2012, we issued a non-participating group annuity contract to the General Motors Salaried Employees Pension Trust, and assumed responsibility for providing specified benefits to certain participants. On December 10, 2012, we issued a non-participating group annuity contract to the Verizon Management Pension Plan and assumed responsibility for providing specified benefits to certain participants. The premiums from these transactions were largely offset by a corresponding increase in policyholders’ benefits, including the change in policy reserves.

On February 1, 2011, we acquired the Star and Edison Businesses from American International Group, Inc. The results of these companies are reported with the Gibraltar Life operations and are included in the results presented below from the date of acquisition. The Star and Edison companies were merged into Gibraltar Life on January 1, 2012.

On December 31, 2009, we completed the sale of our minority joint venture interest in Wachovia Securities. In 2009, “Equity in earnings of operating joint ventures, net of taxes” includes a pre-tax gain on the sale of $2.247 billion. In addition, “General and administrative expenses” includes certain one-time costs related to the sale of the joint venture interest of $104 million for pre-tax compensation costs and costs related to increased contributions to the Company’s charitable foundation. The total of these items is an after-tax gain of $1.389 billion, or $2.95 per share of Common Stock.

On May 1, 2009, we acquired Yamato Life, a Japanese life insurance company that declared bankruptcy in October 2008, and renamed The Prudential Gibraltar Financial Life Insurance Company, Ltd. Results presented below include the results of this company from the date of acquisition.

The 2009 income tax provision includes a benefit of $272 million from a reduction to the liability for unrecognized tax benefits and related interest, primarily related to tax years prior to 2002 as a result of the expiration of the statute of limitations for the 2002 and 2003 tax years.

Our Gibraltar Life operations use a November 30 fiscal year end. Consolidated balance sheet data as of December 31, 2013, 2012, 2011, 2010 and 2009, includes Gibraltar Life assets and liabilities as of November 30. Consolidated income statement data for 2013, 2012, 2011, 2010 and 2009, includes Gibraltar Life results for the twelve months ended November 30, 2013, 2012, 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively.

This selected consolidated financial information should be read in conjunction with “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and the Consolidated Financial Statements included elsewhere herein.


	Year Ended December 31,
	2013			2012			2011		2010		2009
	(in millions, except per share and ratio information)
Income Statement Data:
Revenues:
Premiums	$	26,237		$	65,354		$	24,301	$	18,238	$	16,497
Policy charges and fee income		5,415			4,489			3,924		3,323		2,832
Net investment income		14,729			13,661			13,124		11,865		11,390
Asset management fees and other income		286			2,784			4,905		3,747		4,495
Realized investment gains (losses), net		(5,206	)		(1,441	)		2,831		1,050		(2,897	)

Total revenues		41,461			84,847			49,085		38,223		32,317

Benefits and expenses:
Policyholders’ benefits		26,733			65,131			23,614		18,285		16,346
Interest credited to policyholders’ account balances		3,111			4,234			4,484		4,209		4,484
Dividends to policyholders		2,050			2,176			2,723		2,189		1,298
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs		240			1,504			2,695		1,085		1,131
General and administrative expenses		11,011			11,094			10,605		8,309		7,788

Total benefits and expenses		43,145			84,139			44,121		34,077		31,047

Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes and equity in earnings of operating joint ventures		(1,684	)		708			4,964		4,146		1,270
Income tax expense (benefit)		(1,058	)		213			1,515		1,266		(115	)

Income (loss) from continuing operations before equity in earnings of operating joint ventures		(626	)		495			3,449		2,880		1,385
Equity in earnings of operating joint ventures, net of taxes		59			60			182		82		1,523

Income (loss) from continuing operations		(567	)		555			3,631		2,962		2,908
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of taxes		7			15			35		33		(19	)

Net income (loss)		(560	)		570			3,666		2,995		2,889
Less: Income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests		107			50			34		19		(57	)

Net Income (loss) attributable to Prudential Financial, Inc.	$	(667	)	$	520		$	3,632	$	2,976	$	2,946

Basic earnings per share—Common Stock:
Income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to Prudential Financial, Inc.	$	(1.57	)	$	1.02		$	7.14	$	5.25	$	7.33
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of taxes		0.02			0.04			0.07		0.07		(0.05	)

Net income (loss) attributable to Prudential Financial, Inc.	$	(1.55	)	$	1.06		$	7.21	$	5.32	$	7.28

Diluted earnings per share—Common Stock:
Income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to Prudential Financial, Inc.	$	(1.57	)	$	1.01		$	7.05	$	5.20	$	7.28
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of taxes		0.02			0.04			0.07		0.06		(0.04	)

Net income (loss) attributable to Prudential Financial, Inc.	$	(1.55	)	$	1.05		$	7.12	$	5.26	$	7.24

Dividends declared per share—Common Stock	$	1.73		$	1.60		$	1.45	$	1.15	$	0.70

Basic and diluted earnings per share—Class B Stock:
Income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to Prudential Financial, Inc.	$	22.00		$	11.50		$	61.00	$	229.00	$	(164.50	)
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of taxes		0.00			(1.00	)		0.00		0.50		0.00

Net income (loss) attributable to Prudential Financial, Inc.	$	22.00		$	10.50		$	61.00	$	229.50	$	(164.50	)

Dividends declared per share—Class B Stock	$	9.625		$	9.625		$	9.625	$	9.625	$	9.625

Ratio of earnings to fixed charges(1)		—			1.11			1.83		1.75		1.67


	As of December 31,
	2013		2012		2011		2010		2009
	(in millions)
Balance Sheet Data:
Total investments excluding policy loans	$	386,407	$	394,007	$	273,245	$	250,406	$	232,322
Separate account assets		285,060		253,254		207,776		174,074		147,095
Total assets		731,781		709,235		535,744		476,449		442,399
Future policy benefits and policyholders’ account balances		343,516		350,463		240,489		227,516		221,653
Separate account liabilities		285,060		253,254		207,776		174,074		147,095
Short-term debt		2,669		2,484		1,982		3,122		10,535
Long-term debt		23,553		24,729		23,653		21,037		20,290
Total liabilities		695,900		670,123		505,696		453,312		431,307
Prudential Financial, Inc. equity		35,278		38,503		29,535		22,603		10,741
Noncontrolling interests		603		609		513		534		351
Total equity	$	35,881	$	39,112	$	30,048	$	23,137	$	11,092

(1)

For purposes of this computation, earnings are defined as income from continuing operations before income taxes excluding undistributed income (loss) from equity method investments, fixed charges and interest capitalized. Also excludes earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests. Fixed charges are the sum of gross interest expense, interest credited to policyholders’ account balances and an estimated interest component of rent expense. Due to the Company’s loss for the year ended December 31, 2013, the ratio coverage was less than 1:1 and is therefore not presented. Additional earnings of $1,935 million would have been required for the year ended December 31, 2013 to achieve a ratio of 1:1.

The historical information presented in the table above has been revised to reflect the impact of retrospective adoption of a discretionary change in accounting principle for recognition of performance based incentive fee revenue. For further information, see “—Accounting Policies and Pronouncements—Adoption of New Accounting Pronouncements” and Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

ITEM 7.

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

You should read the following analysis of our consolidated financial condition and results of operations in conjunction with the Forward-Looking Statements included below the Table of Contents, “Risk Factors,” “Selected Financial Data” and the Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Overview

Prudential Financial has two classes of common stock outstanding. The Common Stock, which is publicly traded (NYSE:PRU), reflects the performance of the Financial Services Businesses, while the Class B Stock, which was issued through a private placement and does not trade on any exchange, reflects the performance of the Closed Block Business. The Financial Services Businesses and the Closed Block Business are discussed below.

Financial Services Businesses

Our Financial Services Businesses consist of three operating divisions, which together encompass six segments, and our Corporate and Other operations. The U.S. Retirement Solutions and Investment Management division consists of our Individual Annuities, Retirement and Asset Management segments. The U.S. Individual Life and Group Insurance division consists of our Individual Life and Group Insurance segments. The International Insurance division consists of our International Insurance segment. Our Corporate and Other operations include corporate items and initiatives that are not allocated to business segments, as well as businesses that have been or will be divested.

We attribute financing costs to each segment based on the amount of financing used by each segment, excluding financing costs associated with corporate debt which are reflected in Corporate and Other operations. The net investment income of each segment includes earnings on the amount of capital that management believes is necessary to support the risks of that segment.

We seek growth internally and through acquisitions, joint ventures or other forms of business combinations or investments. Our principal acquisition focus is in our current business lines, both domestic and international.

Closed Block Business

In connection with the demutualization, we ceased offering domestic participating products. The liabilities for our traditional domestic in force participating products were segregated, together with assets, in a regulatory mechanism referred to as the “Closed Block.” The Closed Block is designed generally to provide for the reasonable expectations for future policy dividends after demutualization of holders of participating individual life insurance policies and annuities included in the Closed Block by allocating assets that will be used exclusively for payment of benefits, including policyholder dividends, expenses and taxes with respect to these products. See Note 12 to the Consolidated Financial Statements and “Business—Demutualization and Separation of Business” for more information on the Closed Block.

Revenues and Expenses

We earn our revenues principally from insurance premiums; mortality, expense, asset management and administrative fees from insurance and investment products; and investment of general account and other funds. We earn premiums primarily from the sale of individual life insurance, group life and disability insurance, and certain annuity contracts. We earn mortality, expense, and asset management fees primarily from the sale and servicing of separate account products including variable life insurance and variable annuities, and from the sale and servicing of other products including universal life insurance. We also earn asset management and administrative fees from the distribution, servicing and management of mutual funds, retirement products and other asset management products and services. Our operating expenses principally consist of insurance benefits provided and reserves established for anticipated future insurance benefits, general business expenses, dividends to policyholders, commissions and other costs of selling and servicing the various products we sell and interest credited on general account liabilities.

Profitability

Our profitability depends principally on our ability to price our insurance and annuity products at a level that enables us to earn a margin over the costs associated with providing benefits and administering those products. Profitability also depends on, among other items, our actuarial and policyholder behavior experience on insurance and annuity products and our ability to attract and retain customer assets, generate and maintain favorable investment results, effectively deploy capital and utilize our tax capacity, and manage expenses.

Historically, the participating products included in the Closed Block have yielded lower returns on capital invested than many of our other businesses. As we have ceased offering domestic participating products, we expect that the proportion of the traditional participating products in our in force business will gradually diminish as these older policies age, and we grow other businesses. However, the relatively lower returns to us on this existing block of business will continue to affect our consolidated results of operations for many years. Our Common Stock reflects the performance of our Financial Services Businesses, but there can be no assurance that the market value of the Common Stock will reflect solely the performance of these businesses.

See “Risk Factors” for a discussion of risks that have affected and may affect in the future our business, results of operations or financial condition, cause the trading price of our Common Stock to decline materially or cause our actual results to differ materially from those expected or those expressed in any forward looking statements made by or on behalf of the Company.

Executive Summary

Prudential Financial, a financial services leader with approximately $1.107 trillion of assets under management as of December 31, 2013, has operations in the United States, Asia, Europe and Latin America. Through our subsidiaries and affiliates, we offer a wide array of financial products and services, including life insurance, annuities, retirement-related services, mutual funds, and investment management. We offer these products and services to individual and institutional customers through one of the largest distribution networks in the financial services industry.

Industry Trends

Our U.S. and international businesses are impacted by financial markets, economic conditions, regulatory oversight, and a variety of trends that affect the industries where we compete.

U.S. Businesses

Financial and Economic Environment. Although economic and financial conditions continue to show signs of improvement, global market conditions and uncertainty continue to be factors in the markets in which we operate. As discussed further under “Impact of a Low Interest Rate Environment” below, interest rates in the U.S. remain lower than historical levels, despite recent increases, which continues to negatively impact our portfolio income yields. Continued high unemployment rates and limited growth in salaries also continue to be factors impacting certain business drivers, including contributions to defined contribution plans and the costs of group disability claims.

Regulatory Environment. Financial market dislocations have produced, and are expected to continue to produce, extensive changes in existing laws and regulations, and regulatory frameworks applicable to our businesses. As discussed under “Regulatory Developments” below, the Company is now subject to stricter prudential regulatory standards and supervision by the FRB as a Designated Financial Company. The use of captive reinsurance companies is also under increased scrutiny. In addition, state insurance laws regulate all aspects of our U.S. insurance businesses and our insurance products are substantially affected by federal and state tax laws. Insurance regulators have begun to implement significant changes in the way in which industry participants must determine statutory reserves and statutory capital, particularly for products with embedded options and guarantees such as variable annuities and universal life products with secondary guarantees.

Demographics. Income protection, wealth accumulation and the needs of retiring baby boomers continue to shape the insurance industry. Retirement security is one of the most critical issues in the U.S. for individuals and the investment professionals and institutions that support them. The risk and responsibility of retirement savings continues to shift to employees, away from the government and employers. Life insurance ownership among U.S. households remains low, with consumers citing other financial priorities and cost of insurance as reasons for the lack of coverage.

Competitive Environment. For the annuities business, traditional competitors continue to take actions to either exit the marketplace or de-risk products in response to recent market volatility. We proactively monitor changes in the annuity marketplace, and have taken actions to adapt our products to the current environment in order to maintain appropriate return prospects and improve our risk profile. We believe our current product offerings are competitively positioned and that our differentiated risk management strategies will provide us with an attractive risk and profitability profile.

Our retirement and asset management businesses compete on price, service and investment performance. The full service retirement markets are mature, with few dominant players. We have seen a trend toward unbundling of the purchase decision related to the recordkeeping and investment offerings, where product pricing, the variety of available funds and their performance are the key selection criteria of plan sponsors and intermediaries. Additionally, changes in the regulatory environment have driven more standard and consistent fee disclosures across industry providers, which has heightened pricing pressures and may accelerate the trend toward unbundling of services. Market disruption and rating agency downgrades have caused some of our institutional investment product competitors to withdraw from the market, creating significant growth

opportunities for us in certain markets, including the investment-only stable value market. Recently, new and re-emerging competitors are entering the investment-only stable value market. The recovery of the equity, fixed income, and commercial real estate markets has positively impacted asset managers by increasing assets under management and corresponding fee levels. In addition, institutional fixed income managers have generally experienced positive flows as investors have re-allocated assets into fixed income to reduce risk, including the reduction of risk in pension plans. In recent years we have established ourselves as innovators in providing pension risk management solutions to plan sponsors, as underscored by the completion of two significant pension risk transfer transactions in 2012. We believe the emerging pension risk transfer market offers attractive opportunities that are aligned with our expertise.

The individual life and group life and disability markets are mature and, due to the large number of competitors, competition is driven mainly by price and service. The economy has exacerbated pressure on pricing, creating a challenge of maintaining pricing discipline. In the individual life market, many of our competitors took pricing actions in 2012 in response to the low interest rate environment. Our individual life sales in 2013 benefited from a strong competitive position as a result of these competitor actions, as well as expanded distribution opportunities from the acquisition of The Hartford’s individual life business. In 2013 we implemented additional product design and pricing changes designed to shift sales away from guaranteed products toward non-guaranteed products. Maintaining our competitive positioning is dependent on sources of financing for the reserves associated with this business and timely utilization of the associated tax benefits. For group products, rate guarantees have become the industry norm, with rate guarantee durations trending upward, primarily for group life insurance, as a general industry practice. The group insurance industry has been very competitive in recent years, however we are beginning to see rate increases take hold throughout the industry. There is also an increased demand from clients for bundling of products and services to streamline administration and save costs by dealing with fewer carriers. As employers are attempting to control costs and shift benefit decisions and funding to employees, who continue to value benefits offered in the workplace, employee-paid (voluntary) product offerings and services are becoming increasingly important in the group market.

International Businesses

Financial and Economic Environment. Our international insurance operations, especially in Japan, continue to operate in a low interest rate environment. However, the local market has adapted to the low rate environment in Japan. The continued low interest rate environment in the U.S. may impact the attractiveness of U.S. dollar-denominated products in Japan relative to yen-denominated products. We are also subject to financial impacts associated with movements in foreign currency rates, particularly the Japanese yen. Fluctuations in the value of the yen will continue to impact the relative attractiveness of non-yen products marketed in Japan.

Regulatory Environment. Effective in April 2013, Japanese insurance regulators changed the standard discount rate for statutory reserves on new business. This resulted in increased statutory reserve requirements for new business and selective re-pricing of insurance products by insurers intended to maintain expected returns. We anticipate further changes in solvency regulation from jurisdiction to jurisdiction based on regulatory developments in the U.S., the European Union, and recommendations by an international standard setting body for the insurance regulators, as well as regulatory requirements for those companies deemed to be systemically important financial institutions, or SIFIs, in the U.S. or abroad. In addition, local regulators, including in Japan, may apply heightened scrutiny to non-domestic companies. Internationally, regulators are also increasingly adopting measures to provide greater consumer protection and privacy rights. Further, a bill passed by the Japanese legislature in 2012 will increase the consumption tax rate during 2014 and 2015. Insurance commissions are subject to consumption tax for individuals exceeding certain earnings thresholds, however, the tax is not charged on employee compensation or insurance premiums. The increase in this tax is expected to lead to increased costs for insurers.

Demographics. Japan has an aging population as well as a large pool of household assets invested in low yielding deposit and savings vehicles. The aging of Japan’s population as well as strains on government pension programs have led to a growing demand for insurance products with a significant savings element to meet savings and retirement needs as the population transitions to retirement. We are seeing a similar shift to retirement oriented products in Korea and Taiwan, each of which also has an aging population.

Competitive Environment. The life insurance markets in Japan and Korea are mature. We generally compete more on distribution capabilities and service provided to customers than on price. The aging of Japan’s population creates an increasing need for product innovation, introducing insurance products which allow for savings and income as the population transitions to retirement. The ability to sell through multiple and complementary distribution channels is a competitive advantage. However, competition for sales personnel as well as access to third party distribution channels is intense.

Impact of a Low Interest Rate Environment

Domestic Financial Services Businesses

As interest rates in the U.S. continue to remain lower than historical levels, our current reinvestment yields are consequently lower than the overall portfolio income yield, primarily for our investments in fixed maturity securities and commercial mortgage loans. With the Federal Reserve Board’s stated intention to keep interest rates low through at least 2014, our overall portfolio income yields are expected to continue to decline throughout the coming year; however, the recent increase in interest rates, if sustained, will mitigate the impact of new investment purchases on our overall portfolio income yields.

For the domestic Financial Services Businesses’ general account, we expect annual scheduled payments and prepayments to be approximately 10% of the fixed maturity security and commercial mortgage loan portfolios through 2015. The domestic Financial Services Businesses’ general account has approximately $156 billion of such assets (based on net carrying value) as of December 31, 2013. As these assets mature, the current average portfolio income yield for fixed maturities and commercial mortgage loans of approximately 4.5% is expected to decline due to reinvesting in a lower interest rate environment. Included in the $156 billion of fixed maturity securities and commercial mortgage loans are approximately $63 billion that are subject to call or redemption features at the issuer’s option, which have a weighted average interest rate of approximately 5%. As of December 31, 2013, approximately 80% of the assets contain prepayment penalties.

The reinvestment of scheduled payments and prepayments at rates below the current portfolio yield, including in some cases at rates below those guaranteed under our insurance contracts, will impact future operating results to the extent we do not, or are unable to, reduce crediting rates on in-force blocks of business, or effectively utilize other asset/liability management strategies described below, in order to maintain current net interest margins. As of December 31, 2013, our domestic Financial Services Businesses have approximately $150 billion of insurance liabilities and policyholder account balances. Of this amount, approximately $49 billion represents contracts with crediting rates that may be adjusted over the life of the contract, subject to guaranteed minimums. The following table sets forth the related account values by range of guaranteed minimum crediting rates and the related range of the difference, in basis points (bps), between rates being credited to contractholders as of December 31, 2013, and the respective guaranteed minimums.


	Account Values with Crediting Rates:
	At guaranteed minimum			1 - 49 bps above guaranteed minimum			50 - 99 bps above guaranteed minimum			100 - 150 bps above guaranteed minimum			Greater than 150 bps above guaranteed minimum			Total
	($ billions)
Range of Guaranteed Minimum Crediting Rates:
Less than 1%	$	0.5		$	0.0		$	0.0		$	0.0		$	0.0		$	0.5
1%—1.99%		1.3			1.4			10.0			2.9			0.3			15.9
2%—2.99%		2.4			0.0			0.1			0.8			1.4			4.7
3%—4.00%		22.9			1.4			1.9			0.4			0.0			26.6
Greater than 4%		1.1			0.0			0.0			0.0			0.0			1.1

Total	$	28.2		$	2.8		$	12.0		$	4.1		$	1.7		$	48.8

Percentage of total		58	%		6	%		25	%		8	%		3	%		100	%

Although we may have the ability to lower crediting rates for those contracts above guaranteed minimums, our willingness to do so may be limited by competitive pressures.

Our domestic Financial Services Businesses also have approximately $13 billion of insurance liabilities and policyholder account balances representing participating contracts for which the investment income risk is expected to ultimately accrue to contractholders. The crediting rates for these contracts are periodically adjusted based on the yield earned on the related assets. The remaining $88 billion of the $150 billion of insurance liabilities and policyholder account balances in our domestic Financial Services Businesses represents long duration products such as group annuities, structured settlements and other insurance products that have fixed and guaranteed terms, for which underlying assets may have to be reinvested at interest rates that are lower than portfolio rates. We seek to mitigate the impact of a prolonged low interest rate environment on these contracts through asset/liability management, as discussed further below.

For the domestic Financial Services Businesses’ general account, assuming a hypothetical scenario where the average 10-year U.S. Treasury rate is 3.00% for the period from January 1, 2014 through December 31, 2015, and credit spreads remain unchanged from levels as of December 31, 2013, we estimate that the unfavorable impact to net interest margins included in pre-tax adjusted operating income of reinvesting in such an environment, compared to reinvesting at current average portfolio income yields, would be approximately $16 million in 2014 and $48 million in 2015. This impact is most significant in the Retirement and Individual Annuities segments. This hypothetical scenario only reflects the impact related to the approximately $49 billion of contracts shown in the table above, and does not reflect: i) any benefit from potential changes to the crediting rates on the corresponding contractholder liabilities where the Company has the contractual ability to do so, or other potential mitigants such as changes in investment mix that we may implement as funds are reinvested; ii) any impact related to assets that do not directly support our liabilities; iii) any impact from other factors, including but not limited to, new business, contractholder behavior, changes in competitive conditions, and changes in capital markets; and/or iv) any impact from other factors described below.

In order to mitigate the unfavorable impact that the current interest rate environment has on our net interest margins, we employ a proactive asset/liability management program, which includes strategic asset allocation and derivative strategies within a disciplined risk management framework. These strategies seek to match the characteristics of our products, and to closely approximate the interest rate sensitivity of the assets with the estimated interest rate sensitivity of the product liabilities. Our asset/liability management program also helps manage duration gaps, currency and other risks between assets and liabilities through the use of derivatives. We adjust this dynamic process as products change, as customer behavior changes and as changes in the market environment occur. As a result, our asset/liability management process has permitted us to manage interest-sensitive products successfully through several market cycles. Our interest rate exposure is also mitigated by our business mix, which includes lines of business for which fee-based and insurance underwriting earnings play a more prominent role in product profitability.

Japanese Insurance Operations

Our Japanese insurance operations have experienced a low interest rate environment for many years. As of December 31, 2013, these operations have $126 billion of insurance liabilities and policyholder account balances, which are predominantly comprised of long duration insurance products that have fixed and guaranteed terms, for which underlying assets may have to be reinvested at interest rates that are lower than portfolio rates. Also included in the $126 billion are approximately $7 billion of insurance liabilities and policyholder account balances with crediting rates that may be adjusted over the life of the contract, subject to guaranteed minimums; however, for these contracts, most of the current crediting rates are substantially at or near contractual minimums. Although we have the ability to lower crediting rates in some cases for those contracts above guaranteed minimum crediting rates, the majority of this business has credited interest rates which are determined by formula. Our Japanese insurance operations employ a proactive asset-liability management program in order to mitigate the unfavorable impact that the current interest rate environment has on our net interest margins, and includes strategies similar to those described for the domestic Financial Services Businesses above.

Current Developments

On January 2, 2013, we completed the acquisition of The Hartford’s individual life insurance business (“Hartford Life Business”) through a reinsurance transaction. The total cash consideration was $615 million consisting primarily of a ceding commission to provide reinsurance for approximately 700,000 life insurance policies with net retained face amount in force of approximately $141 billion.

On each of February 12, 2013, May 14, 2013, and August 15, 2013, Prudential Financial’s Board of Directors declared a cash dividend of $0.40 per share of Common Stock. On November 12, 2013, Prudential Financial’s Board of Directors declared a cash dividend of $0.53 per share of Common Stock. On February 11, 2014, Prudential Financial’s Board of Directors declared a cash dividend of $0.53 per share of Common Stock.

On June 11, 2013, Prudential Financial’s Board of Directors authorized the Company to repurchase at management’s discretion up to $1.0 billion of its outstanding Common Stock during the period from July 1, 2013 through June 30, 2014. We purchased 6.1 million shares in 2013 under this authorization at a total cost of $500 million. The timing and amount of any share repurchases will be determined by management based upon market conditions and other considerations, and such repurchases may be effected in the open market, through derivative, accelerated repurchase and negotiated transactions and through prearranged trading plans designed to comply with Rule 10b5-1(c) under the Exchange Act. We purchased 6.6 million shares under the prior twelve-month $1.0 billion authorization that expired on June 30, 2013 for a total cost of $400 million, including 3.9 million shares purchased in the first six months of 2013 at a total cost of $250 million.

On January 2, 2014, we completed the acquisition of UniAsia Life Assurance Berhad, an established life insurance company in Malaysia, through the formation of a joint venture with Bank Simpanan Nasional (“BSN”), a bank owned by the Malaysian government. The joint venture paid cash consideration of approximately $160 million, 70% of which was provided by Prudential Insurance and 30% of which was provided by BSN.

Regulatory Developments

On September 19, 2013, the Financial Stability Oversight Council (the “Council”) made a final determination that Prudential Financial is a Designated Financial Company. As a Designated Financial Company, Prudential Financial is subject to prudential regulatory standards and supervision by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (as a “Covered Company”) pursuant to the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act. As a Designated Financial Company under the Dodd-Frank Act, Prudential Financial is now subject to supervision and examination by the Federal Reserve Bank of Boston and to prudential regulatory standards, which include or will include requirements (some of which are subject to future rulemaking) regarding risk-based capital, leverage, liquidity, stress-testing, overall risk management, resolution plans, early remediation and credit concentration; and may also include additional standards regarding capital, public disclosure, short-term debt limits and other related subjects as appropriate. The Company must also seek pre-approval from the Federal Reserve for acquisition of certain companies engaged in financial activities. See “Business—Regulation” and “Risk Factors” for more information regarding the potential impact of the Dodd-Frank Act on the Company, including as a result of these stricter prudential standards.

On July 18, 2013, the Financial Stability Board (the “FSB”), consisting of representatives of national financial authorities of the G20 nations, identified the Company as a global systemically important insurer (“G-SII”). U.S. financial regulators are thereby expected to enhance their regulation of the Company to achieve a number of regulatory objectives, including enhanced group-wide supervision, enhanced capital standards (including basic capital and higher loss absorption capacity requirements which are expected to begin to be implemented in 2019), and development of a risk management plan (expected to be completed within 12 months of G-SII designation) and recovery and resolution plans (expected to be developed and agreed by the end of 2014).

At the direction of the FSB, the International Association of Insurance Supervisors (the “IAIS”) is developing a model framework (“ComFrame”) for the supervision of internationally active insurance groups (“IAIGs”) that contemplates “group wide supervision” across national boundaries. Prudential Financial qualifies as an IAIG. In October 2013, the IAIS announced that it expects to develop a risk-based global insurance capital standard applicable to IAIGs by 2016, with full implementation scheduled to begin in 2019. In addition, the IAIS seeks to promote the financial stability of IAIGs by endorsing: uniform standards for insurer corporate governance and enterprise risk management; group-wide supervision of IAIGs; a framework for group capital adequacy assessment that accounts for group-wide risks; additional regulatory and disclosure requirements for insurance groups; and the establishment of ongoing supervisory colleges. In October 2013, several of the Company’s domestic and foreign insurance regulators convened a supervisory college. The purpose of the supervisory college is to promote ongoing supervisory coordination, facilitate the sharing of information among regulators and to enhance each regulator’s understanding of the Company’s risk profile.

ComFrame also requires each IAIG to conduct a group-wide risk and solvency assessment (“ORSA”) to monitor and manage its overall solvency. In addition, state insurance regulators have focused attention on U.S. insurance solvency regulation pursuant to the NAIC’s “Solvency Modernization Initiative.” This initiative has resulted in the recent adoption of the NAIC Risk Management and ORSA model act which, following enactment at the state level, will require a large insurer beginning in 2015 to at least annually assess the adequacy of its and its group’s risk management and current and future solvency position.

Dodd-Frank also includes a new framework of regulation of the over-the-counter (“OTC”) derivatives markets which requires clearing of certain types of transactions currently traded OTC and imposes additional costs, including new reporting and margin requirements. Our costs of risk mitigation are increasing under Dodd-Frank. For example, increased margin requirements including the requirement to pledge initial margin for OTC cleared transactions entered into after June 10, 2013, combined with restrictions on securities that will qualify as eligible collateral, will require increased holdings of cash and highly liquid securities with lower yields causing a reduction in income.

In addition, the NAIC, the NY DFS and other regulators have increased their focus on life insurers’ use of captive reinsurance companies. If applicable insurance laws are changed in a way that restricts our use of captive reinsurance companies in the future, our ability to write certain products and efficiently manage their associated risks could be adversely affected and we may need to increase prices on certain products, modify certain products or find alternate financing sources, any of which could adversely affect our competitiveness, capital and financial position and results of operations.

At this time we cannot predict the final outcome of the above regulatory developments, including the additional capital and liquidity requirements, compliance and regulatory costs, or other implications that may affect the Company.

Outlook

Management expects that results in 2014 will continue to reflect the quality of our individual businesses and their prospects, as well as our overall business mix and effective capital management. In 2014, we will continue to focus on long-term strategic positioning and growth opportunities, including the following:

•

U.S. Retirement and Investment Management Market. We seek to capitalize on the growing need of baby boomers for products that provide guaranteed income for longer retirement periods. In addition, we continue to focus on our clients’ increasing needs for retirement income security given volatility in the financial markets. We also seek to provide products that respond to the needs of plan sponsors to manage risk and control their benefit costs.

•

U.S. Insurance Market. We continue to focus on writing high-quality business and expect to continue to benefit from expansion of our distribution channels and deepening our relationships with third-party distributors. We also seek to capitalize on opportunities for additional voluntary life purchases in the group insurance market, as institutional clients are focused on controlling their benefit costs.

•

International Markets. We continue to concentrate on deepening our presence in the markets in which we currently operate, such as Japan, and expanding our distribution capabilities in emerging markets. We seek to capitalize on opportunities arising in international markets as changing demographics and public policy have resulted in a growing demand for retirement income products.

Results of Operations

Net loss of our Financial Services Businesses attributable to Prudential Financial, Inc. for the year ended December 31, 2013 was $713 million compared to net income of $479 million for 2012.

We analyze performance of the segments and Corporate and Other operations of the Financial Services Businesses using a measure called adjusted operating income. See “—Consolidated Results of Operations—Segment Measures” for a discussion of adjusted operating income and its use as a measure of segment operating performance.

Shown below are the contributions of each segment and Corporate and Other operations to our adjusted operating income for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011 and a reconciliation of adjusted operating income of our segments and Corporate and Other operations to income from continuing operations before income taxes and equity in earnings of operating joint ventures.

Results reflect the implementation of a discretionary change in accounting principle related to the accrual of performance-based incentive fee revenue in our Asset Management segment. For additional information, see Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements below.


	Year ended December 31,
	2013			2012			2011
	(in millions)
Adjusted operating income before income taxes for segments of the Financial Services Businesses:
Individual Annuities	$	2,085		$	1,039		$	662
Retirement		1,039			638			594
Asset Management		723			584			888

Total U.S. Retirement Solutions and Investment Management Division		3,847			2,261			2,144

Individual Life		583			384			482
Group Insurance		157			16			163

Total U.S. Individual Life and Group Insurance Division		740			400			645

International Insurance		3,152			2,704			2,263

Total International Insurance Division		3,152			2,704			2,263

Corporate and Other		(1,370	)		(1,338	)		(1,112	)

Adjusted operating income before income taxes for the Financial Services Businesses		6,369			4,027			3,940
Reconciling Items:
Realized investment gains (losses), net, and related adjustments(1)		(9,956	)		(3,666	)		2,503
Charges related to realized investment gains (losses), net(2)		1,807			857			(1,656	)
Investment gains (losses) on trading account assets supporting insurance liabilities, net(3)		(250	)		610			223
Change in experience-rated contractholder liabilities due to asset value changes(4)		227			(540	)		(123	)
Divested businesses(5)		29			(615	)		90
Equity in earnings of operating joint ventures and earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests(6)		28			(29	)		(227	)

Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes and equity in earnings of operating joint ventures for Financial Services Businesses		(1,746	)		644			4,750
Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes for Closed Block Business		62			64			214

Consolidated income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes and equity in earnings of operating joint ventures	$	(1,684	)	$	708		$	4,964

(1)

Represents “Realized investment gains (losses), net,” and related adjustments. See “—Realized Investment Gains and Losses” and Note 22 to our Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.

(2)

Includes charges that represent the impact of realized investment gains (losses), net, on the amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs and other costs, and on changes in reserves. Also includes charges resulting from payments related to market value adjustment features of certain of our annuity products and the impact of realized investment gains (losses), net, on the amortization of unearned revenue reserves.

(3)

Represents net investment gains and losses on trading account assets supporting insurance liabilities. See “—Experience-Rated Contractholder Liabilities, Trading Account Assets Supporting Insurance Liabilities and Other Related Investments.”

(4)

Represents changes in contractholder liabilities due to asset value changes in the pool of investments supporting these experience-rated contracts. See “—Experience-Rated Contractholder Liabilities, Trading Account Assets Supporting Insurance Liabilities and Other Related Investments.”

(5)

See “—Divested Businesses.”

(6)

Equity in earnings of operating joint ventures are included in adjusted operating income but excluded from income from continuing operations before income taxes and equity in earnings of operating joint ventures as they are reflected on a U.S. GAAP basis on an after-tax basis as a separate line in our Consolidated Statements of Operations. Earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests are excluded from adjusted operating income but included in income from continuing operations before taxes and equity earnings of operating joint ventures as they are reflected on a U.S. GAAP basis as a separate line in our Consolidated Statements of Operations. Earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests represent the portion of earnings from consolidated entities that relates to the equity interests of minority investors.

Results for 2013 presented above reflect the following:

Individual Annuities. Segment results for 2013 increased in comparison to 2012. The increase reflects a favorable comparative impact from changes in the estimated profitability of the business, driven by annual reviews and updates of assumptions performed in the third quarter of each year, and market performance relative to assumptions. Also contributing to the increase are higher asset-based fee income, driven by higher average variable annuity account values, net of a related increase in asset-based commissions and reserve provisions, as well as lower general and administrative expenses, net of capitalization.

Retirement. Segment results for 2013 increased in comparison to 2012. The increase reflects higher net investment spread, including favorable results from non-coupon investments, and a more favorable reserve impact from case experience, both primarily driven by the significant pension risk transfer transactions that closed in the fourth quarter of 2012. Also contributing to this increase was higher asset-based fee income reflecting higher comparative investment-only stable value product account values and equity market appreciation. These increases were partially offset by higher general and administrative expenses, net of capitalization.

Asset Management. Segment results for 2013 increased in comparison to 2012 primarily driven by higher asset management fees, net of expenses, reflecting continued growth in assets under management, as well as the absence of losses incurred in 2012 associated with two real estate investments from the segment’s strategic investing activities, partially offset by a lower contribution from the segment’s commercial mortgage activities.

Individual Life. Segment results for 2013 increased in comparison to 2012. The increase primarily reflects earnings from the in force business acquired from the Hartford in January 2013 as well as favorable comparative impacts from mortality experience and our annual reviews and updates of assumptions.

Group Insurance. Segment results increased in 2013 in comparison to 2012 primarily driven by more favorable group life and disability underwriting results and a favorable comparative impact from our annual reviews and updates of assumptions and other refinements.

International Insurance. Segment results for 2013 increased in comparison to 2012. The increase reflects business growth in both our Life Planner and Gibraltar Life and Other operations, additional synergies and lower integration costs associated with our acquisition of the former Star and Edison Businesses, favorable results from non-coupon investments, and more favorable foreign currency exchange rates, including the impact of our currency hedging programs. Partly offsetting these favorable items was the impact from our annual reviews and updates of assumptions used in estimating the profitability of the business, as well as reserve strengthening on certain policies based on an internal review.

Corporate and Other operations. The results for 2013 as compared to 2012 reflect an increased loss primarily driven by higher levels of expenses and greater interest expense, net of investment income, including the impact of debt prefunding activities.

Closed Block Business. Income from continuing operations before income taxes was essentially unchanged from 2012 as a decline in net investment income was largely offset by a corresponding decrease in the policyholder dividend obligation.

Consolidated Results of Operations

The following table summarizes net income for the Financial Services Businesses and the Closed Block Business for the periods presented.


	Year ended December 31,
	2013			2012			2011
	(in millions)
Financial Services Businesses:
Revenues	$	35,425		$	78,590		$	42,070
Benefits and expenses		37,171			77,946			37,320

Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes and equity in earnings of operating joint ventures for Financial Services Businesses		(1,746	)		644			4,750
Income tax expense (benefit)		(1,074	)		192			1,447

Income (loss) from continuing operations before equity in earnings of operating joint ventures for Financial Services Businesses		(672	)		452			3,303
Equity in earnings of operating joint ventures, net of taxes		59			60			182

Income (loss) from continuing operations for Financial Services Businesses		(613	)		512			3,485
Income from discontinued operations, net of taxes		7			17			35

Net income (loss)—Financial Services Businesses		(606	)		529			3,520
Less: Income attributable to noncontrolling interests		107			50			34

Net income (loss) of Financial Services Businesses attributable to Prudential Financial, Inc.	$	(713	)	$	479		$	3,486

Closed Block Business:
Revenues	$	6,036		$	6,257		$	7,015
Benefits and expenses		5,974			6,193			6,801

Income from continuing operations before income taxes for Closed Block Business		62			64			214
Income tax expense		16			21			68

Income from continuing operations for Closed Block Business		46			43			146
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of taxes		0			(2	)		0

Net income—Closed Block Business		46			41			146
Less: Income attributable to noncontrolling interests		0			0			0

Net income of Closed Block Business attributable to Prudential Financial, Inc.	$	46		$	41		$	146

Consolidated:

Net income (loss) attributable to Prudential Financial, Inc.	$	(667	)	$	520		$	3,632

Results of Operations—Financial Services Businesses

2013 to 2012 Annual Comparison. Income from continuing operations for the Financial Services Businesses decreased $1,125 million from 2012 to 2013. Results for 2013 compared to 2012 reflect the following:

•

A $3,072 million unfavorable variance, before income taxes, reflecting the net impact from changes in the value of our embedded derivatives and related hedge positions associated with certain variable annuities, largely driven by changes in the adjustment for non-performance risk, as well as the impacts from our annual reviews and updates of assumptions performed in the third quarter;

•

Lower net pre-tax earnings of $2,392 million resulting from the impact of foreign currency exchange rate movements on certain non-yen denominated assets and liabilities within our Japanese insurance operations which are economically matched and offset in AOCI, driven by the weakening of the Japanese yen; and

•

$1,802 million lower net pre-tax realized gains (losses), excluding the impact of the hedging program associated with certain variable annuities described above, primarily reflecting changes in the market value of derivatives due to changes in interest rates and foreign currency exchange rate movements.

Partially offsetting these decreases in income from continuing operations were the following items:

•

More favorable results of $1,897 million, on a pre-tax basis, associated with our Capital Protection Framework, driven by an increase in interest rates, reflecting our decision to manage interest rate risk through this framework;

•

A $1,408 million favorable variance, before taxes, from adjustments to deferred policy acquisition and other costs as well as reserves, reflecting updates to the estimated profitability of our businesses primarily driven by the impact of our annual reviews and updates of assumptions performed in the third quarter of each year. This includes the absence of a $698 million net charge in 2012 associated with long-term care products, which are included in Divested Businesses, but excludes the impact associated with the variable annuity hedging program discussed above; and

•

A $1,266 million decrease in income tax expense reflecting a decrease in pre-tax income from continuing operations (see “—Income Taxes” for additional information).

In addition to the items above, our segment’s earnings benefited from business growth, including the impact from higher account values, particularly within our U.S. Retirement Solutions and Investment Management Division, growth of in force in our International Insurance Division, contributions from our acquisition of the Hartford Life Business, and higher income from non-coupon investments (see “—Results of Operations for Financial Services Businesses by Segment” for additional information).

2012 to 2011 Annual Comparison. Income from continuing operations for the Financial Services Businesses decreased $2,973 million from 2011 to 2012. Results for 2012 compared to 2011 reflect the following:

•

A $2,386 million unfavorable variance, before income taxes, reflecting the net impact from changes in the value of our embedded derivatives and related hedge positions associated with certain variable annuities, including the impacts from our annual reviews and updates of assumptions performed in the third quarter;

•

Lower pre-tax earnings of $2,377 million resulting from the impact of foreign currency exchange rate movements on certain non-yen denominated assets and liabilities within our Japanese insurance operations which are economically matched and offset in AOCI, driven by the weakening of the Japanese yen;

•

A $336 million unfavorable variance, before taxes, from adjustments to deferred policy acquisition and other costs as well as reserves, reflecting updates to the estimated profitability of our businesses primarily driven by the impact of our annual reviews and updates of assumptions performed in the third quarter of each year. This includes a $698 million net charge in 2012 associated with long-term care products, which are included in Divested Businesses, but excludes the impact associated with the variable annuity hedging program discussed above;

•

Lower net pre-tax realized gains (losses) of $539 million, excluding the impact of the hedging program associated with certain variable annuities described above, primarily reflecting changes in the market value of derivatives due to changes in interest rates as well as foreign currency exchange rate movements;

•

The comparative impact of a $237 million pre-tax benefit in 2011 compared to a pre-tax benefit of $60 million in 2012 reflecting partial sales of our indirect interest in China Pacific Insurance Group; and

•

The absence of a $96 million pre-tax gain in 2011 reflecting the sale of our investment in Afore XXI, an operating joint venture in our Asset Management segment.

Partially offsetting these decreases in income from continuing operations were the following items:

•

More favorable results of $1,827 million, on a pre-tax basis, associated with our Capital Protection Framework, driven by an increase in interest rates, reflecting our decision to manage interest rate risk through this framework; and

•

A $1,255 million decrease in income tax expense reflecting a decrease in pre-tax income from continuing operations; and

•

The absence of a $93 million pre-tax charge recorded in 2011 for estimated payments arising from use of new Social Security Master Death File matching criteria to identify deceased policy and contract holders.

Results of Operations—Closed Block Business

For a discussion of the results of operations for the Closed Block Business, see “—Results of Operations of Closed Block Business” below.

Segment Measures

Adjusted Operating Income. In managing our business, we analyze operating performance separately for our Financial Services Businesses and our Closed Block Business. For the Financial Services Businesses, we analyze our segments’ operating performance using “adjusted operating income.” Results of the Closed Block Business for all periods are evaluated and presented only in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Adjusted operating income does not equate to “income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes and equity in earnings of operating joint ventures” or “net income” as determined in accordance with U.S. GAAP but is the measure of segment profit or loss we use to evaluate segment performance and allocate resources, and consistent with authoritative guidance, is our measure of segment performance. The adjustments to derive adjusted operating income are important to an understanding of our overall results of operations. Adjusted operating income is not a substitute for income determined in accordance with U.S. GAAP, and our definition of adjusted operating income may differ from that used by other companies. However, we believe that the presentation of adjusted operating income as we measure it for management purposes enhances understanding of our results of operations by highlighting the results from ongoing operations and the underlying profitability of the Financial Services Businesses.

See Note 22 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for further information on the presentation of segment results and our definition of adjusted operating income.

Annualized New Business Premiums. In managing certain of our businesses, we analyze annualized new business premiums, which do not correspond to revenues under U.S. GAAP. Annualized new business premiums measure the current sales performance of the business, while revenues primarily reflect the renewal persistency of policies written in prior years and net investment income, in addition to current sales. Annualized new business premiums include 10% of first year premiums or deposits from single pay products. No other adjustments are made for limited pay contracts.

Assets Under Management. In managing our Asset Management business, we analyze assets under management, which do not correspond to U.S. GAAP assets, because the principal source of revenues is fees based on assets under management. Assets under management represents the fair market value or account value of assets which we manage directly for institutional clients, retail clients, and for our general account, as well as assets invested in our products that are managed by third party managers.

Account Values. For our Individual Annuity and Retirement businesses, assets are reported at account value, which do not correspond to U.S. GAAP assets. Net sales (redemptions) in our Individual Annuity business and net additions (withdrawals) in our Retirement business do not correspond to revenues under U.S. GAAP, but are used as relevant measures of business activity.

Accounting Policies & Pronouncements

Application of Critical Accounting Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, or U.S. GAAP, requires the application of accounting policies that often involve a significant degree of judgment. Management, on an ongoing basis, reviews estimates and assumptions used in the preparation of financial statements. If management determines that modifications in assumptions and estimates are appropriate given current facts and circumstances, the Company’s results of operations and financial position as reported in the Consolidated Financial Statements could change significantly.

The following sections discuss the accounting policies applied in preparing our financial statements that management believes are most dependent on the application of estimates and assumptions and require management’s most difficult, subjective, or complex judgments.

Deferred Policy Acquisition and Other Costs

We capitalize costs that are directly related to the acquisition or renewal of insurance and annuity contracts. These costs primarily include commissions, as well as costs of policy issuance and underwriting and certain other expenses that are directly related to successfully negotiated contracts. See Note 2 to our Consolidated Financial Statements for a discussion of the authoritative guidance adopted effective January 1, 2012, regarding which costs relating to the acquisition of new or renewal insurance contracts qualify for deferral. We have also deferred costs associated with sales inducements related to our variable and fixed annuity contracts primarily within our Individual Annuities segment. Sales inducements are amounts that are credited to the policyholder’s account balance as an inducement to purchase the contract. For additional information about sales inducements, see Note 11 to the Consolidated Financial Statements. We generally amortize these deferred policy acquisition costs, or DAC, and deferred sales inducements, or DSI, over the expected lives of the contracts, based on our estimates of the level and timing of gross margins, gross profits, or gross premiums, depending on the type of contract. As described in more detail below, in calculating DAC and DSI amortization, we are required to make assumptions about investment returns, mortality, persistency, and other items that impact our estimates of the level and timing of gross margins, gross profits, or gross premiums. We also periodically evaluate the recoverability of our DAC and DSI. For certain contracts, this evaluation is performed as part of our premium deficiency testing, as discussed further below in “—Policyholder Liabilities.” As of December 31, 2013, DAC and DSI in our Financial Services Businesses were $16.1 billion and $1.8 billion, respectively, and DAC in our Closed Block Business was $411 million.

Amortization methodologies

DAC associated with the traditional participating products of our Closed Block Business is amortized over the expected lives of those contracts in proportion to estimated gross margins. Gross margins consider premiums, investment returns, benefit claims, costs for policy administration, changes in reserves, and dividends to policyholders. We evaluate our estimates of future gross margins and adjust the related DAC balance with a corresponding charge or credit to current period earnings for the effects of actual gross margins and changes in our expected future gross margins. DAC adjustments for these participating products generally have not created significant volatility in our results of operations since many of the factors that affect gross margins are also included in the determination of our dividends to these policyholders and, during most years, the Closed Block has recognized a cumulative policyholder dividend obligation expense in “Policyholders’ dividends,” for the excess of actual cumulative earnings over expected cumulative earnings as determined at the time of demutualization. However, if actual cumulative earnings fall below expected cumulative earnings in future periods, thereby eliminating the cumulative policyholder dividend obligation expense, changes in gross margins and DAC amortization would result in a net impact to the Closed Block Business results of operations. As of December 31, 2013, the excess of actual cumulative earnings over the expected cumulative earnings was $887 million.

DAC associated with the non-participating whole life and term life policies of our Individual Life segment and the whole life, term life, endowment and health policies of our International Insurance segment is amortized in proportion to gross premiums.

DAC and DSI associated with the variable and universal life policies of our Individual Life and International Insurance segments and the variable and fixed annuity contracts of our Individual Annuities and International Insurance segments are generally amortized over the expected life of these policies in proportion to total gross profits. Total gross profits include both actual gross profits and estimates of gross profits for future periods. In calculating gross profits, we consider mortality, persistency, and other elements as well as rates of return on investments associated with these contracts and the costs related to our guaranteed minimum death and guaranteed minimum income benefits. For variable annuities in our Individual Annuities segment, actual gross profits also include the impacts of the embedded derivatives associated with certain of the optional living benefit features of our variable annuity contracts and related hedging activities, and actual gross profits used to determine amortization rates include the difference between the change in the fair value of hedge positions and the change in the value of an internally-defined hedge target related to these features. In calculating amortization expense, we estimate the amounts of gross profits that will be included in our U.S. GAAP results and in adjusted operating income, and utilize these estimates to calculate distinct amortization rates and expense amounts. We also regularly evaluate and adjust the related DAC and DSI balances with a corresponding charge or credit to

current period earnings for the impact of actual gross profits and changes in our projections of estimated future gross profits on our DAC and DSI amortization rates. Adjustments to the DAC and DSI balances include the impact to our estimate of total gross profits of the annual review of assumptions, our quarterly adjustments for current period experience, and our quarterly adjustments for market performance. Each of these adjustments is further discussed below in “—Annual assumptions review and quarterly adjustments.” For additional information on our internally-defined hedge target, see “—Results of Operations for Financial Services Businesses by Segment—U.S. Retirement Solutions and Investment Management Division—Individual Annuities—Variable Annuity Living Benefits Hedging Program Results.”

The amortization methodologies for products not discussed above primarily relate to less significant DAC balances associated with products in our Group Insurance and Retirement segments, which comprised approximately 2% of the Company’s total DAC balance as of December 31, 2013.

Annual assumptions review and quarterly adjustments

Annually, during the third quarter, we perform a comprehensive review of the assumptions used in estimating gross profits for future periods. Over the last several years, the Company’s most significant assumption updates resulting in a change to expected future gross profits and the amortization of DAC and DSI have been related to lapse experience and other contractholder behavior assumptions, mortality, and revisions to expected future rates of returns on investments. These assumptions may also cause potential significant variability in amortization expense in the future. The impact on our results of operations of changes in these assumptions can be offsetting and we are unable to predict their movement or offsetting impact over time.

The quarterly adjustments for current period experience referred to above reflect the impact of differences between actual gross profits for a given period and the previously estimated expected gross profits for that period. To the extent each period’s actual experience differs from the previous estimate for that period, the assumed level of total gross profits may change. In these cases, we recognize a cumulative adjustment to all previous periods’ amortization, also referred to as an experience true-up adjustment.

The quarterly adjustments for market performance referred to above reflect the impact of changes to our estimate of total gross profits to reflect actual fund performance and market conditions. A significant portion of gross profits for our variable annuity contracts and, to a lesser degree, our variable life policies are dependent upon the total rate of return on assets held in separate account investment options. This rate of return influences the fees we earn, costs we incur associated with the guaranteed minimum death and guaranteed minimum income benefit features related to our variable annuity contracts, as well as other sources of profit. Returns that are higher than our expectations for a given period produce higher than expected account balances, which increase the future fees we expect to earn and decrease the future costs we expect to incur associated with the guaranteed minimum death and guaranteed minimum income benefit features related to our variable annuity contracts. The opposite occurs when returns are lower than our expectations. The changes in future expected gross profits are used to recognize a cumulative adjustment to all prior periods’ amortization.

The near-term future rate of return assumptions used in evaluating DAC and DSI for our domestic variable annuity and variable life insurance products are derived using a reversion to the mean approach, a common industry practice. Under this approach, we consider historical equity returns over a period of time and initially adjust future projected equity returns over the next four years (the “near-term”) so that the assets are projected to grow at the long-term expected rate of return for the entire period. If the near-term projected future rate of return is greater than our near-term maximum future rate of return of 13%, we use our maximum future rate of return. As of December 31 2013, our variable annuities and variable life insurance businesses assume an 8.0% long-term equity expected rate of return and a 3.9% near-term mean reversion equity rate of return.

The weighted average rate of return assumptions for these businesses consider many factors specific to each business, including asset durations, asset allocations and other factors. We generally update the near term equity rates of return and our estimate of total gross profits each quarter to reflect the result of the reversion to the mean approach, which assumes a convergence to the long-term equity expected rates of return. These market performance related adjustments to our estimate of total gross profits result in cumulative adjustments to prior amortization, reflecting the application of the new required rate of amortization to all prior periods’ gross profits.

DAC and DSI Sensitivities

Variability in the level of amortization expense has historically been driven by the variable annuities and variable and universal life insurance policies in our Individual Life and Individual Annuities segments, for which costs are amortized in proportion to total gross profits. For our International Insurance segment, these products have historically experienced less significant variability due to a less material block of variable annuities and variable and universal life insurance policies.

For the variable and universal life policies of our Individual Life segment, a significant portion of our gross profits is derived from mortality margins. As a result, our estimates of future gross profits are significantly influenced by our mortality assumptions. Our mortality assumptions are used to estimate future death claims over the life of these policies and may be developed based on Company experience, industry experience and/or other factors. Unless a material change in mortality experience that we feel is indicative of a long term trend is observed in an interim period, we generally update our mortality assumptions annually in the third quarter. Updates to our mortality assumptions in future periods could have a significant adverse or favorable effect on the results of our operations in the Individual Life segment.

The DAC balance associated with the variable and universal life policies of our Individual Life segment as of December 31, 2013 was $2.6 billion. The following table provides a demonstration of the sensitivity of that DAC balance relative to our future mortality assumptions by quantifying the adjustments that would be required, assuming both an increase and decrease in our future mortality rate by 1%. The information below is for illustrative purposes only and considers only the direct effect of changes in our mortality assumptions on the DAC balance, with no changes in any other assumptions such as persistency, future rate of return, or expenses included in our evaluation of DAC. Further, this information does not reflect changes in reserves, such as the reserves for no lapse guarantees and the unearned revenue reserve, which would partially offset the adjustments to the DAC balance reflected below. These reserves are discussed in more detail below in “—Policyholder Liabilities.”


	December 31, 2013
	Increase/(Decrease) in DAC
	(in millions)
Decrease in future mortality by 1%	$	35
Increase in future mortality by 1%	$	(36	)

In addition to the impact of mortality experience relative to our assumptions, other factors may also drive variability in amortization expense, particularly during the third quarter when assumption updates are performed. As noted above, however, the impact on our results of operations of changes in these assumptions can be offsetting and we are unable to predict their movement or offsetting impact over time. In the third quarter of 2013, updates to mortality assumptions drove the most significant changes to amortization expense. For a discussion of DAC adjustments related to our Individual Life segment for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, see “—Results of Operations for Financial Services Businesses by Segment—U.S. Individual Life and Group Insurance Division—Individual Life.”

For the variable annuity contracts of our Individual Annuities segment, DAC and DSI are more sensitive to changes in our future rate of return assumptions due primarily to the significant portion of our gross profits that is dependent upon the total rate of return on assets held in separate account investment options. The DAC and DSI balances associated with our domestic variable annuity contracts were $5.5 billion and $1.8 billion, respectively, as of December 31, 2013. The following table provides a demonstration of the sensitivity of each of these balances relative to our future rate of return assumptions by quantifying the adjustments to each balance that would be required assuming both an increase and decrease in our future rate of return by 100 basis points. The sensitivity includes an increase and decrease of 100 basis points to both the near-term future rate of return assumptions used over the next four years, and the long-term expected rate of return used thereafter. The information below is for illustrative purposes only and considers only the direct effect of changes in our future rate of return on the DAC and DSI balances and not changes in any other assumptions such as persistency, mortality, or expenses included in our evaluation of DAC and DSI. Further, this information does not reflect changes in reserves, such as the reserves for the guaranteed minimum death and optional living benefit features of our variable annuity products, or the impact that changes in such reserves may have on the DAC and DSI balances.


	December 31, 2013
	Increase/ (Decrease) in DAC			Increase/ (Decrease) in DSI
	(in millions)
Decrease in future rate of return by 100 basis points	$	(65	)	$	(34	)
Increase in future rate of return by 100 basis points	$	63		$	32

In addition to the impact of market performance relative to our future rate of return assumptions, other factors may also drive variability in amortization expense, particularly during the third quarter when assumption updates are performed. As noted above, however, the impact on our results of operations of changes in these assumptions can be offsetting and we are unable to predict their movement or offsetting impact over time. In the third quarter of 2013, updates to lapse rate and utilization rate assumptions drove the most significant changes to amortization expense. For a discussion of DAC and DSI adjustments related to our Individual Annuities segment for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, see “—Results of Operations for Financial Services Businesses by Segment—U.S. Retirement Solutions and Investment Management Division—Individual Annuities.”

Value of Business Acquired

In addition to DAC and DSI, we also recognize an asset for value of business acquired, or VOBA. VOBA is an intangible asset which represents an adjustment to the stated value of acquired inforce insurance contract liabilities to present them at fair value, determined as of the acquisition date. It includes an explicit adjustment to reflect the cost of capital attributable to the acquired insurance contracts. VOBA is amortized over the expected life of the acquired contracts in proportion to either gross premiums or estimated gross profits, depending on the type of contract. VOBA is also subject to recoverability testing. As of December 31, 2013, VOBA was $3,675 million, and included $2,036 million related to the acquisition from AIG of the Star and Edison Businesses on February 1, 2011, and $1,373 million related to the acquisition of the Hartford’s individual life insurance business. See Note 3 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information on these acquisitions. The remaining $266 million primarily relates to previously-acquired traditional life, deferred annuity, defined contribution and defined benefit businesses. For additional information about VOBA including details on items included in our estimates of future cash flows for the various acquired businesses and its bases for amortization, see Note 2 and Note 8 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Goodwill

As of December 31, 2013, our goodwill balance of $839 million is reflected in the following four reporting units: $444 million related to our Retirement Full Service business, $240 million related to our Asset Management business, $137 million related to our Gibraltar Life and Other operations and $18 million related to our International Insurance Life Planner business.

We test goodwill for impairment on an annual basis, as of December 31 of each year, or more frequently if events or circumstances indicate the potential for impairment is more likely than not. The goodwill impairment analysis is performed at the reporting unit level which is equal to or one level below our operating segments. This analysis includes a qualitative assessment, for which reporting units may elect to bypass in accordance with accounting guidance, and a quantitative analysis consisting of two steps. For additional information on goodwill and the process for testing goodwill for impairment, see Note 2 and Note 9 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

The International Insurance’s Life Planner business and the Asset Management segment elected to bypass the qualitative assessment and complete their impairment analysis using an earnings multiple approach. The earnings multiple approach indicates the value of a business based on comparison to publicly-traded comparable companies in similar lines of business. Each comparable company is analyzed based on various factors, including, but not limited to, financial risk, size, geographic diversification, profitability, adequate financial data, and an actively traded stock price. A multiple of price to earnings is developed for the comparable companies using independent analysts’ consensus estimates for each company’s 2014 forecasted earnings. The multiples are then aggregated and a mean and median multiple is calculated for the group. The lower of the mean or median multiple is then applied to the 2014 forecasted earnings of the reporting unit to develop a value. A control premium is then added to determine a total estimated fair value for the reporting unit.

The Retirement Full Service business and Gibraltar Life and Other operations also elected to bypass the qualitative assessment and complete their impairment analysis using a discounted cash flow approach. The discounted cash flow approach calculates the value of a business by applying a discount rate reflecting the market expected weighted average rate of return to the projected future cash flows of the reporting unit. These projected future cash flows were based on our internal forecasts, an expected growth rate and a terminal value. The weighted average rate of return, or WARR, represents the required rate of return on total capitalization. It is comprised of a required rate of return on equity of a company and the current tax-affected cost of debt, which are then weighted by the relative percentages of equity and debt assumed in the capital structure. To estimate the return on equity, we applied the Capital Asset Pricing Model, or CAPM. The CAPM is a generally accepted method for estimating an equity investor’s return requirement, and hence a company’s cost of equity capital. CAPM is determined by beginning with the long-term risk-free rate of return then applying adjustments that consider the equity risk premium required for large company common stock investments as well as company specific adjustments to address volatility, small company premiums and other risks particular to a specific company. The WARR calculation is applied to a group of companies considered peers of the reporting unit to develop a weighted average rate of return for the peer group which is then used to estimate the market expected weighted average rate of return for the reporting unit. This process resulted in a discount rate of 12% which was then applied to the expected future cash flows of the Retirement Full Service business and Gibraltar Life and Other operations to estimate its fair value.

After completion of Step 1 of the quantitative tests, it was determined that fair values exceeded the carrying amounts for each of the four reporting units and it was concluded there was no impairment as of December 31, 2013. The Asset Management, International Insurance’s Life Planner, Gibraltar Life and Other operations and Retirement Full Service businesses had estimated fair values that exceeded their carrying amounts, each by more than 45%.

Estimating the fair value of reporting units is a subjective process that involves the use of significant estimates by management. Regarding all reporting units tested, market declines or other events impacting the fair value of these businesses, including discount rates, interest rates and growth rate assumptions or increases in the level of equity required to support these businesses, could result in goodwill impairments, resulting in a charge to income.

Valuation of Investments, Including Derivatives, and the Recognition of Other-than-Temporary Impairments

Our investment portfolio consists of public and private fixed maturity securities, commercial mortgage and other loans, equity securities, other invested assets, and derivative financial instruments. Derivatives are financial instruments whose values are derived from interest rates, foreign exchange rates, financial indices or the values of securities or commodities. Derivative financial instruments we generally use include swaps, futures, forwards

and options and may be exchange-traded or contracted in the over-the-counter market. We are also party to financial instruments that contain derivative instruments that are “embedded” in the financial instruments. Management believes the following accounting policies related to investments, including derivatives, are most dependent on the application of estimates and assumptions. Each of these policies is discussed further within other relevant disclosures related to the investments and derivatives, as referenced below.

•

Valuation of investments, including derivatives

•

Recognition of other-than-temporary impairments

•

Determination of the valuation allowance for losses on commercial mortgage and other loans

We present our investments classified as available-for-sale, including fixed maturity and equity securities, our investments classified as trading, such as our trading account assets supporting insurance liabilities, our derivatives, and our embedded derivatives at fair value in the statements of financial position. For additional information regarding the key estimates and assumptions surrounding the determination of fair value of fixed maturity and equity securities, as well as derivative instruments, embedded derivatives and other investments, see Note 20 to the Consolidated Financial Statements and “—Valuation of Assets and Liabilities—Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities.”

For our investments classified as available-for-sale, the impact of changes in fair value is recorded as an unrealized gain or loss in “Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss),” or “AOCI,” a separate component of equity. For our investments classified as trading, the impact of changes in fair value is recorded within “Asset management fees and other income.” In addition, investments classified as available-for-sale, as well as those classified as held-to-maturity, are subject to impairment reviews to identify when a decline in value is other-than-temporary. For a discussion of our policies regarding other-than-temporary declines in investment value and the related methodology for recording other-than-temporary impairments of fixed maturity and equity securities, see Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Commercial mortgage and other loans are carried primarily at unpaid principal balances, net of unamortized deferred loan origination fees and expenses and unamortized premiums or discounts and a valuation allowance for losses. For a discussion of our policies regarding the valuation allowance for commercial mortgage and other loans see Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Policyholder Liabilities

Future Policy Benefit Reserves, other than Unpaid Claims and Claim Adjustment Expenses

We establish reserves for future policy benefits to, or on behalf of, policyholders in the same period in which the policy is issued or acquired, using methodologies prescribed by U.S. GAAP. The reserving methodologies used for our Financial Services Businesses include the following:

•

For most long duration contracts, we utilize best estimate assumptions as of the date the policy is issued or acquired with provisions for the risk of adverse deviation, as appropriate. After the liabilities are initially established, we perform premium deficiency tests using best estimate assumptions as of the testing date without provisions for adverse deviation. If the liabilities determined based on these best estimate assumptions are greater than the net reserves (i.e., GAAP reserves net of any DAC, DSI or VOBA asset), the existing net reserves are adjusted by first reducing these assets by the amount of the deficiency or to zero through a charge to current period earnings. If the deficiency is more than these asset balances for insurance contracts, we then increase the net reserves by the excess, again through a charge to current period earnings. If a premium deficiency is recognized, the assumptions as of the premium deficiency test date are locked in and used in subsequent valuations.

•

For certain reserves, such as our contracts with guaranteed minimum death benefits (“GMDB”), guaranteed minimum income benefits (“GMIB”) and no lapse guarantees, we utilize current best estimate assumptions in establishing reserves. The reserves are subject to adjustments based on annual reviews of assumptions and quarterly adjustments for experience, including market performance, and the reserves may be adjusted through a benefit or charge to current period earnings.

•

For certain product guarantees, primarily the optional living benefit features of the variable annuity products in our Individual Annuities segment, the benefits are accounted for as embedded derivatives, with fair values calculated as the present value of future expected benefit payments to customers less the present value of assessed rider fees attributable to the embedded derivative feature. Under U.S. GAAP, the fair values of these benefit features are based on assumptions a market participant would use in valuing these embedded derivatives. Changes in the fair value of the embedded derivatives are recorded quarterly through a benefit or charge to current period earnings.

The assumptions used in establishing reserves are generally based on the Company’s experience, industry experience and/or other factors, as applicable. We typically update our actuarial assumptions, such as mortality, morbidity, retirement and policyholder behavior assumptions, annually in the third quarter of each year, unless a material change is observed in an interim period that we feel is indicative of a long term trend. Generally, we do not expect trends to change significantly in the short-term and, to the extent these trends may change, we expect such changes to be gradual over the long-term. In a sustained low interest rate environment, there is an increased likelihood that the reserves determined based on best estimate assumptions may be greater than the net liabilities.

The following paragraphs provide additional details about the reserves established by each of our segments.

The future policy benefit reserves for our International Insurance segment, which as of December 31, 2013, represented 45% of our total future policy benefit reserves, relate primarily to non-participating whole life and term life products and endowment contracts, and are generally determined as the present value of expected future benefits to, or on behalf of, policyholders plus the present value of future maintenance expenses less the present value of future net premiums. For these reserves, we utilize best estimate assumptions as of the date the policy is issued or acquired with provisions for the risk of adverse deviation, as described above. The primary assumptions used in determining expected future benefits and expenses include mortality, lapse, morbidity, investment yield and maintenance expense assumptions. In addition, future policy benefit reserves for certain contracts also include amounts related to our deferred profit liability, determined as of the date of issue, net of accumulated amortization.

The reserves for future policy benefits of our Retirement segment, which as of December 31, 2013 represented 23% of our total future policy benefit reserves, primarily relate to our non-participating life contingent group annuity and structured settlement products. These reserves are generally determined as the present value of expected future benefits and expenses. For these reserves, we utilize best estimate assumptions as of the date the policy is issued or acquired with provisions for the risk of adverse deviation, as described above. For contracts that have recorded a premium deficiency reserve, we use assumptions as of the most recent premium deficiency reserve establishment. The primary assumptions used in establishing these reserves include mortality, retirement, maintenance expense, and interest rate assumptions. In addition, future policy benefit reserves for certain contracts also include amounts related to our deferred profit liability, determined as of the date of issue, net of accumulated amortization.

The future policy benefit reserves for our Individual Life segment, which as of December 31, 2013, represented 3% of our total future policy benefit reserves, relate primarily to variable life, term life and universal life products. For term life contracts, the future policy benefit reserves are determined as the present value of expected future benefits to, or on behalf of, policyholders plus the present value of future maintenance expenses less the present value of future net premiums. For these reserves, we utilize best estimate assumptions as of the date the policy is issued or acquired with provisions for the risk of adverse deviation, as described above. The primary assumptions used in determining expected future benefits and expenses include mortality, lapse, and maintenance expense assumptions. For variable and universal life products, which include universal life contracts that contain no lapse guarantees, reserves are established using current best estimate assumptions, as described above.

The reserves for future policy benefits of our Corporate & Other operations, which as of December 31, 2013 represented 2% of our total future policy benefit reserves, primarily relate to our long-term care products. These reserves are generally determined as the present value of expected future benefits and expenses less future premiums. Most contracts have recorded a premium deficiency reserve, so we use assumptions as of the most recent premium deficiency reserve establishment. The primary assumptions used in establishing these reserves

include interest rate, morbidity, mortality, lapse, premium rate increase, and maintenance expense assumptions. In addition, certain less significant reserves for our long-term care products, such as our disabled life reserve, are established using current best estimate actuarial assumptions, as described above.

The reserves for future policy benefits of our Individual Annuities segment, which as of December 31, 2013 represented 1% of our total future policy benefit reserves, primarily relate to reserves for the GMDB and GMIB features of our variable annuities, and for the optional living benefit features that are accounted for as embedded derivatives. As discussed above, in establishing reserves for GMDBs and GMIBs, we utilize current best estimate assumptions. The primary assumptions used in establishing these reserves include the timing of annuitization, lapse, withdrawal and mortality assumptions, as well as interest rate and equity market return assumptions. Our lapse assumption includes a base lapse rate that takes into account the applicability of any surrender charges. Additionally, a dynamic lapse rate adjustment reduces the base lapse rate when the benefit amount is greater than the account value, as in-the-money contracts are less likely to lapse.

The reserves for certain optional living benefit features, including guaranteed minimum accumulation benefits (“GMAB”), guaranteed minimum withdrawal benefits (“GMWB”) and guaranteed minimum income and withdrawal benefits (“GMIWB”), are accounted for as embedded derivatives, with fair values calculated as the present value of future expected benefit payments to customers less the present value of assessed rider fees attributable to the embedded derivative feature. This methodology could result in either a liability or contra-liability balance, given changing capital market conditions and various actuarial assumptions. Since there is no observable active market for the transfer of these obligations, the valuations are calculated using internally-developed models with option pricing techniques. The models are based on a risk neutral valuation framework and incorporate premiums for risks inherent in valuation techniques, inputs, and the general uncertainty around the timing and amount of future cash flows. The significant inputs to the valuation models for these embedded derivatives include capital market assumptions, such as interest rate levels and volatility assumptions, the Company’s market-perceived risk of its own non-performance (“NPR”), as well as actuarially determined assumptions, including contractholder behavior, such as lapse rates, benefit utilization rates, withdrawal rates, and mortality rates. Capital market inputs and actual contractholders’ account values are updated each quarter based on capital market conditions as of the end of the quarter, including interest rates, equity markets and volatility. In the risk neutral valuation, the initial swap curve drives the total returns used to grow the contractholders’ account values. The Company’s discount rate assumption is based on the LIBOR swap curve adjusted for an additional spread relative to LIBOR to reflect NPR. Actuarial assumptions, including contractholder behavior and mortality, are reviewed at least annually, and updated based upon emerging experience, future expectations and other data, including any observable market data, such as available industry studies or market transactions such as acquisitions and reinsurance transactions. For additional information regarding the valuation of these optional living benefit features, see Note 20 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

The remaining reserves for future policy benefits for the Financial Services Businesses, which represented 1% of our total future policy benefit reserves as of December 31, 2013, primarily represents reserves for the group life and disability benefits in our Group Insurance segment.

The future policy benefit reserves for the traditional participating life insurance products of our Closed Block Business, which as of December 31, 2013, represented 25% of our total future policy benefit reserves are determined using the net level premium method. Under this method, the future policy benefit reserves are accrued as a level proportion of the premium paid by the policyholder. In applying this method, we use mortality assumptions to determine our expected future benefits and expected future premiums, and apply an interest rate to determine the present value of both the expected future benefit payments and the expected future premiums. The mortality assumptions are based on data from the standard industry mortality tables that were used to determine the cash surrender value of the policies, and the interest rates used are the contractually guaranteed interest rates used to calculate the cash surrender value of the policies.

Sensitivity for Future Policy Benefit Reserves, other than Unpaid Claims and Claim Adjustment Expenses

We expect the future benefit reserves in our Individual Annuities segment that are based on current best estimate assumptions, and those that represent embedded derivatives recorded at fair value to be the ones most likely to drive variability in earnings from period to period.

For the GMDB and GMIB features of our variable annuities in our Individual Annuities segment, the reserves for these contracts are significantly influenced by the future rate of return assumptions. The following table provides a demonstration of the sensitivity of the reserves for GMDBs and GMIBs related to variable annuity contracts relative to our future rate of return assumptions by quantifying the adjustments to these reserves that would be required assuming both a 100 basis point increase and decrease in our future rate of return. The sensitivity includes an increase and decrease of 100 basis points to both the near-term future rate of return assumptions used over the next four years, and the long-term expected rate of return used thereafter. The information below is for illustrative purposes only and considers only the direct effect of changes in our future rate of return on operating results due to the change in the reserve balance and not changes in any other assumptions such as persistency or mortality included in our evaluation of the reserves, or any changes on DAC or other balances, discussed above in “—Deferred Policy Acquisition and Other Costs.”


	December 31, 2013
	Increase/(Decrease) in GMDB/GMIB Reserves
	(in millions)
Decrease in future rate of return by 100 basis points	$	130
Increase in future rate of return by 100 basis points	$	(113	)

In addition to the impact of market performance relative to our future rate of return assumptions, other factors may also drive variability in the change in reserves, particularly during the third quarter when assumption updates are performed. As noted above, however, the impact on our results of operations of changes in these assumptions can be offsetting and we are unable to predict their movement or offsetting impact over time. In the third quarter of 2013, updates to lapse rate and utilization rate assumptions drove the most significant changes to these reserves. For a discussion of adjustments to the reserves for GMDBs and GMIBs for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, see “—Results of Operations for Financial Services Businesses by Segment—U.S. Retirement Solutions and Investment Management Division—Individual Annuities.”

For the optional living benefit features of certain variable annuities in our Individual Annuities segment that are accounted for as embedded derivatives, the changes in reserves are significantly impacted by changes in both the capital markets assumptions and actuarial assumptions. Capital market inputs and actual policyholders’ account values are updated each quarter based on capital market conditions as of the end of the quarter, while actuarial assumptions are reviewed at least annually, and updated based upon emerging experience, future expectations and other data. For additional information about the impacts of capital markets assumptions, including interest rates, NPR credit spreads and equity returns, refer to “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk” below. For actuarial assumptions, historical experience on which to base predictions about future sources of volatility is limited due to the fact this block of business is relatively new. In the third quarter of 2013, updates to lapse rate assumptions drove the most significant changes to these reserves. Other factors may also drive variability in the change in reserves, particularly during the third quarter when assumption updates are performed. As noted above, however, the impact on our results of operations of changes in these assumptions can be offsetting and we are unable to predict their movement or offsetting impact over time. For a discussion of the drivers of the changes in our optional living benefit features for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, see “—Results of Operations for Financial Services Businesses by Segment—U.S. Retirement Solutions and Investment Management Division—Individual Annuities.”

Unpaid claims and claim adjustment expenses

Our liability for unpaid claims and claim adjustment expenses of $3.0 billion as of December 31, 2013 is reported as a component of “Future policy benefits” and relates primarily to the group long-term disability products of our Group Insurance segment. This liability represents our estimate of future disability claim payments and expenses as well as estimates of claims that we believe have been incurred, but have not yet been reported as of the balance sheet date. For short duration contracts, we do not establish loss liabilities until a loss has occurred. Our liability is determined as the present value of expected future claim payments and expenses. The primary assumptions used in determining expected future claim payments are mortality and claim termination factors, an assumed interest rate and Social Security offsets. Long-term disability claims and claim termination experience may be affected by the economic environment and internal factors such as our claims management process.

Unearned revenue reserves

Our unearned revenue reserve, or URR, reported as a component of “Policyholders’ account balances,” is $1.8 billion as of December 31, 2013. This reserve primarily relates to variable and universal life products within our Individual Life segment and represents policy charges for services to be provided in future periods. The charges are deferred as unearned revenue and are generally amortized over the expected life of the contract in proportion to the product’s estimated gross profits, similar to DAC as discussed above.

For the variable and universal life policies of our Individual Life segment, a significant portion of our gross profits is derived from mortality margins. As a result, our estimates of future gross profits are significantly influenced by our mortality assumptions. Our mortality assumptions are used to estimate future death claims over the life of these policies and are developed based on Company experience, industry experience and/or other factors. Unless a material change in mortality experience that we feel is indicative of a long term trend is observed in an interim period, we generally update our mortality assumptions annually in the third quarter. Updates to our mortality assumptions in future periods could have a significant adverse or favorable effect on the results of our operations in the Individual Life segment.

The URR balance associated with the variable and universal life policies of our Individual Life segment as of December 31, 2013 was $1.6 billion. The following table provides a demonstration of the sensitivity of that URR balance relative to our future mortality assumptions by quantifying the adjustments that would be required, assuming both an increase and decrease in our future mortality rate by 1%. The information below is for illustrative purposes only and considers only the direct effect of changes in our mortality assumptions on the URR balance and not changes in any other assumptions such as persistency, future rate of return, or expenses included in our evaluation of URR. It does not reflect changes in assets, such as DAC, which would partially offset the adjustments to the URR balance reflected below. The impact of DAC is discussed in more detail above in “—Deferred Policy Acquisition and Other Costs.”


	December 31, 2013
	Increase/(Decrease) in URR
	(in millions)
Decrease in future mortality by 1%	$	30
Increase in future mortality by 1%	$	(30	)

In addition to the impact of mortality experience relative to our assumptions, other factors may also drive variability in the change in reserves, particularly during the third quarter when assumption updates are performed. As noted above, however, the impact on our results of operations of changes in these assumptions can be offsetting and we are unable to predict their movement or offsetting impact over time. In the third quarter of 2013, updates to mortality assumptions drove the most significant changes to our URR reserve. For a discussion of the drivers of URR adjustments related to our Individual Life segment for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, see “—Results of Operations for Financial Services Businesses by Segment—U.S. Individual Life and Group Insurance Division—Individual Life.”

Pension and Other Postretirement Benefits

We sponsor pension and other postretirement benefit plans covering employees who meet specific eligibility requirements. Our net periodic costs for these plans consider an assumed discount (interest) rate, an expected rate of return on plan assets and expected increases in compensation levels and trends in health care costs. Of these assumptions, our expected rate of return assumptions and our discount rate assumptions have historically had the most significant effect on our net period costs associated with these plans.

We determine our expected rate of return on plan assets based upon a building block approach that considers inflation, real return, term premium, credit spreads, equity risk premium and capital appreciation as well as expenses, expected asset manager performance and the effect of rebalancing for the equity, debt and real estate asset mix applied on a weighted average basis to our pension asset portfolio. See Note 18 to our Consolidated Financial Statements for our actual asset allocations by asset category and the asset allocation ranges prescribed by our investment policy guidelines for both our pension and other postretirement benefit plans. Our assumed long-term rate of return for 2013 was 6.25% for our domestic pension plans and 7.00% for our other

postretirement benefit plans. Given the amount of plan assets as of December 31, 2012, the beginning of the measurement year, if we had assumed an expected rate of return for both our domestic pension and other domestic postretirement benefit plans that was 100 basis points higher or 100 basis points lower than the rates we assumed, the change in our net periodic costs would have been as shown in the table below. The information provided in the table below considers only changes in our assumed long-term rate of return given the level and mix of invested assets at the beginning of the measurement year, without consideration of possible changes in any of the other assumptions described above that could ultimately accompany any changes in our assumed long-term rate of return.


	For the year ended December 31, 2013
	Increase/(Decrease) in Net Periodic Pension Cost			Increase/(Decrease) in Net Periodic Other Postretirement Cost
	(in millions)
Increase in expected rate of return by 100 basis points	$	(120	)	$	(12	)
Decrease in expected rate of return by 100 basis points	$	120		$	12

Foreign pension plans represent 5% of plan assets at the beginning of 2013. An increase in expected rate of return by 100 basis points would result in a decrease in net periodic pension costs of $6 million; conversely, a decrease in expected rate of return by 100 basis points would result in an increase in net periodic pension costs of $6 million.

We determine our discount rate, used to value the pension and postretirement benefit obligations, based upon rates commensurate with current yields on high quality corporate bonds. See Note 18 to our Consolidated Financial Statements for information regarding the December 31, 2012 methodology we employed to determine our discount rate for 2013. Our assumed discount rate for 2013 was 4.05% for our domestic pension plans and 3.85% for our other domestic postretirement benefit plans. Given the amount of pension and postretirement obligations as of December 31, 2012, the beginning of the measurement year, if we had assumed a discount rate for both our domestic pension and other postretirement benefit plans that was 100 basis points higher or 100 basis points lower than the rates we assumed, the change in our net periodic costs would have been as shown in the table below. The information provided in the table below considers only changes in our assumed discount rate without consideration of possible changes in any of the other assumptions described above that could ultimately accompany any changes in our assumed discount rate.


	For the year ended December 31, 2013
	Increase/(Decrease) in Net Periodic Pension Cost			Increase/(Decrease) in Net Periodic Other Postretirement Cost
	(in millions)
Increase in discount rate by 100 basis points	$	(30	)	$	(3	)
Decrease in discount rate by 100 basis points	$	136		$	0

Foreign pension plans represent 16% of plan obligations at the beginning of 2013. An increase in discount rate by 100 basis points would result in a decrease in net periodic pension costs of $6 million; conversely, a decrease in discount rate by 100 basis points would result in an increase in net periodic pension costs of $7 million.

Given the application of the authoritative guidance for accounting for pensions, and the deferral and amortization of actuarial gains and losses arising from changes in our assumed discount rate, the change in net periodic pension cost arising from an increase in the assumed discount rate by 100 basis points would not be expected to equal the change in net periodic pension cost arising from a decrease in the assumed discount rate by 100 basis points.

For a discussion of our expected rate of return on plan assets and discount rate for our qualified pension plan in 2013, see “—Results of Operations for Financial Services Businesses by Segment—Corporate and Other.”

For purposes of calculating pension income from our own qualified pension plan for the year ended December 31, 2014, we will increase the discount rate to 4.95% from 4.05% in 2013. The expected rate of return on plan assets will remain unchanged at 6.25%, and the assumed rate of increase in compensation will remain unchanged at 4.5%.

In addition to the effect of changes in our assumptions, the net periodic cost or benefit from our pension and other postretirement benefit plans may change due to factors such as actual experience being different from our assumptions, special benefits to terminated employees, or changes in benefits provided under the plans.

At December 31, 2013, the sensitivity of our domestic and international pension and postretirement obligations to a 100 basis point change in discount rate was as follows:


	December 31, 2013
	Increase/(Decrease) in Pension Benefits Obligation			Increase/(Decrease) in Accumulated Postretirement Benefits Obligation
	(in millions)
Increase in discount rate by 100 basis points	$	(1,173	)	$	(180	)
Decrease in discount rate by 100 basis points	$	1,364		$	198

Taxes on Income

Our effective tax rate is based on income, non-taxable and non-deductible items, statutory tax rates and tax planning opportunities available in the various jurisdictions in which we operate. Inherent in determining our annual tax rate are judgments regarding business plans, planning opportunities and expectations about future outcomes. The Company provides for U.S. income taxes on unremitted foreign earnings of its operations in Japan and certain operations in India, Germany and Taiwan. In addition, beginning in 2012, the Company provides for U.S. income taxes on a portion of the current year foreign earnings for its insurance operations in Korea.

An increase or decrease in our effective tax rate by one percent of income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes and equity in earnings of operating joint ventures, would have resulted in an increase or decrease in our consolidated income from continuing operations before equity in earnings of operating joint ventures in 2013 of $17 million.

The Company’s liability for income taxes includes the liability for unrecognized tax benefits and interest that relate to tax years still subject to review by the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) or other taxing authorities. See Note 19 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for a discussion of the impact in 2011, 2012 and 2013 of changes to our total unrecognized tax benefits. We do not anticipate any significant changes within the next 12 months to our total unrecognized tax benefits related to tax years for which the statute of limitations has not expired.

The Company’s affiliates in Japan and Korea file separate tax returns and are subject to audits by the local taxing authority. The general statute of limitations for Japan and Korea are five years from when the return is filed.

Reserves for Contingencies

A contingency is an existing condition that involves a degree of uncertainty that will ultimately be resolved upon the occurrence of future events. Under U.S. GAAP, reserves for contingencies are required to be established when the future event is probable and its impact can be reasonably estimated, such as in connection with an unresolved legal matter. The initial reserve reflects management’s best estimate of the probable cost of ultimate resolution of the matter and is revised accordingly as facts and circumstances change and, ultimately, when the matter is brought to closure.

Adoption of New Accounting Pronouncements

There were no new accounting pronouncements adopted during 2013 requiring the application of critical accounting estimates. See Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for a complete discussion of newly issued accounting pronouncements, including further discussion of the authoritative guidance adopted in 2012 addressing which costs relating to the acquisition of new or renewal insurance contracts qualify for deferral, as well as our retrospective adoption in 2012 of a change in method of applying an accounting principle for the Company’s pension plans.

Results of Operations for Financial Services Businesses by Segment

U.S. Retirement Solutions and Investment Management Division

Individual Annuities

The Individual Annuities segment offers variable and fixed annuities that provide our customers with tax–deferred asset accumulation together with a base death benefit and a suite of optional guaranteed death and living benefits and annuitization options. As the investment return on the contractholder funds is generally attributed directly to the contractholder, we derive our revenue mainly from fee income generated on variable annuity account values, investment income earned on fixed annuity account values, and certain other management fees. Our expenses primarily consist of interest credited and other benefits to contractholders, amortization of DAC and other costs, non-deferred expenses related to the selling and servicing of the various products we offer, costs of hedging certain risks associated with these products and the change in reserves for benefit guarantees and other general business expenses. These drivers of our business results are generally included in adjusted operating income, with exceptions related to certain guarantees, as discussed below.

The U.S. GAAP accounting and our adjusted operating income treatment for our guarantees differs depending upon the specific feature. The reserves for our guaranteed minimum death benefit (“GMDB”) and guaranteed minimum income benefit (“GMIB”) features are calculated based on our best estimate of actuarial and capital markets return assumptions. The risks associated with these benefit features are retained and results are included in adjusted operating income. In contrast, certain of our optional guaranteed living benefit features are accounted for as embedded derivatives and reported at fair value. Under U.S. GAAP, the fair values of these benefit features are based on assumptions a market participant would use in valuing these embedded derivatives. We hedge or limit our exposure to certain risks associated with these features through our living benefits hedging program and product design elements. Adjusted operating income, as discussed below in “—Adjusted Operating Income” and “—Revenues, Benefits and Expenses” excludes amounts related to changes in the market value of the embedded derivatives and related hedge positions, and the related impact to amortization of DAC and other costs. The items excluded from adjusted operating income are discussed below in “—Variable Annuity Living Benefits Hedging Program Results.”

Account Values

Account values are a significant driver of our operating results. Since most fees are determined by the level of separate account assets, fee income varies according to the level of account values. Additionally, our fee income generally drives other items such as our pattern of amortization of DAC and other costs. Account values are driven by net flows from new business sales, the impact of market changes which can be either positive or negative, and outflows related to surrenders, withdrawals, benefit payments and policy charges. The annuity industry competitive landscape, which has been dynamic over the last few years, may impact our net flows and new business sales. The following table sets forth account value information for the periods indicated.


	Year ended December 31,
	2013			2012			2011
	(in millions)
Total Individual Annuities(1):
Beginning total account value	$	135,342		$	113,535		$	106,185
Sales		11,513			20,032			20,293
Surrenders and withdrawals		(7,727	)		(6,806	)		(7,232	)

Net sales		3,786			13,226			13,061
Benefit payments		(1,617	)		(1,450	)		(1,368	)

Net flows		2,169			11,776			11,693
Change in market value, interest credited and other activity		19,826			12,710			(2,104	)
Policy charges		(3,197	)		(2,679	)		(2,239	)

Ending total account value	$	154,140		$	135,342		$	113,535

(1)

Includes variable and fixed annuities sold as retail investment products. Investments sold through defined contribution plan products are included with such products within the Retirement segment. Variable annuity account values were $150.4 billion, $131.6 billion and $109.7 billion as of December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively. Fixed annuity account values were $3.7 billion, $3.7 billion and $3.8 billion as of December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively.

2013 to 2012 Annual Comparison. As shown above, our account values are significantly impacted by net sales and the impact of market performance on customer accounts. The increase in account values during 2013 was largely driven by favorable changes in the market value of contractholder funds, primarily driven by equity market appreciation. Positive net sales also contributed to account value growth, but to a lesser extent, as results for 2013 compared to 2012 reflected a decline in sales coupled with an increase in surrenders and withdrawals. The decline in sales primarily reflects the impacts of actions we have taken to adapt our products to the current environment in order to maintain appropriate return prospects and improve our risk profile. For our variable annuity products with optional living benefit features that provide for guaranteed lifetime withdrawal payments based on a “highest daily” contract value, we have implemented modifications for new sales to scale back benefits, change prices and reduce commissions, as well as closing of a share class. We also suspended or limited additional contractholder deposits for variable annuities with certain optional living benefit riders that are no longer being offered. These declines have been partially offset by sales of our Prudential Defined Income Variable Annuity, or PDI, which represented 7% of total sales for 2013. PDI was launched in the first quarter of 2013 to complement the products we offer with the highest daily benefit. In addition to these impacts, policy charges increased for 2013 compared to 2012, primarily reflecting higher average account values.

2012 to 2011 Annual Comparison. The increase in account values during 2012 was driven by both positive net sales and favorable changes in the market value of contractholder funds. Although net sales were relatively flat for 2012 compared to 2011, as declines in sales were offset by declines in surrenders and withdrawals, positive net sales still contributed significantly to overall account value growth. We began our actions to adapt our products to the current environment, as discussed above, during 2012; however, many of our competitors also implemented similar changes and took actions to exit, or limit their presence in, the variable annuity marketplace. As a result, our net sales were not significantly impacted during 2012. The favorable changes in the market value of contractholder funds were primarily driven by equity market appreciation. In addition to these impacts, policy charges increased for 2012 compared to 2011, primarily reflecting higher average account values.

Operating Results

The following table sets forth the Individual Annuities segment’s operating results for the periods indicated.


	Year ended December 31,
	2013			2012			2011
	(in millions)
Operating results:
Revenues	$	4,465		$	3,983		$	3,638
Benefits and expenses		2,380			2,944			2,976

Adjusted operating income		2,085			1,039			662
Realized investment gains (losses), net, and related adjustments		(5,918	)		(1,882	)		3,136
Related charges		1,716			942			(1,686	)

Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes and equity in earnings of operating joint ventures	$	(2,117	)	$	99		$	2,112

Adjusted Operating Income

2013 to 2012 Annual Comparison. Adjusted operating income increased $1,046 million. Excluding the impacts of changes in the estimated profitability of the business, discussed below, adjusted operating income increased $431 million. The increase was driven by higher asset-based fee income due to growth in average variable annuity account values, net of a related increase in asset-based commissions and reserve provisions. Also contributing to the increase were reduced costs to support business initiatives and the absence of a charge related to an impairment of capitalized software costs in the fourth quarter of 2012.

The impacts of changes in the estimated profitability of the business include adjustments to the amortization of DAC and other costs and to the reserves for the GMDB and GMIB features of our variable annuity products. These adjustments resulted in net benefits of $696 million and $81 million in 2013 and 2012, respectively. The $696 million net benefit in 2013 included a $301 million net benefit resulting from our annual reviews and updates of assumptions, driven by reductions to our lapse and GMIB utilization rate assumptions to reflect our

review of emerging experience, future expectations and other data, and other refinements. The remaining net benefit primarily reflected the impact of positive market performance on customer accounts relative to our assumptions. The $81 million net benefit in 2012 reflected the impact of positive market performance on customer accounts relative to our assumptions, which more than offset a $106 million net charge resulting from the annual reviews and updates of assumptions performed in that period, driven by reductions to our long-term interest and equity rate of return assumptions, as well as updates to actuarial assumptions and other refinements.

2012 to 2011 Annual Comparison. Adjusted operating income increased $377 million. Excluding the impacts of changes in the estimated profitability of the business, discussed below, adjusted operating income increased $74 million. This increase was driven by higher asset-based fees due to growth in average variable annuity account values, net of an increased level of distribution and amortization costs. The increase was partially offset by higher general and administrative expenses, net of capitalization, reflecting increased costs to support business initiatives, including a $9 million charge related to an impairment of capitalized software costs in the fourth quarter of 2012, based on a review of recoverability.

The impacts of changes in the estimated profitability of the business include adjustments to the reserves for the GMDB and GMIB features of our variable annuity products and to the amortization of DAC and other costs. These adjustments reflect the impacts of market performance, current period experience and the annual reviews and updates of assumptions performed in the third quarter. These changes resulted in an $81 million net benefit in 2012, as discussed above, and a $222 million net charge in 2011 primarily driven by the impact of negative market performance on customer accounts relative to our assumptions.

Revenues, Benefits and Expenses

2013 to 2012 Annual Comparison. Revenues, as shown in the table above under “—Operating Results,” increased $482 million, primarily driven by a $553 million increase in policy charges and fee income, and asset management fees and other income, due to growth in average variable annuity account values. Partially offsetting this increase was a $77 million decline in net investment income, driven by lower average account values in the general account due to surrenders of legacy general account products and net transfers from the general account to the separate accounts, driven by an automatic rebalancing element, also referred to as an asset transfer feature, in some of our products’ optional living benefit features.

Benefits and expenses, as shown in the table above under “—Operating Results,” decreased $564 million. Absent the $615 million net decrease related to the impacts of certain changes in our estimated profitability of the business, discussed above, benefits and expenses increased $51 million. General and administrative expenses, net of capitalization, increased $84 million, driven by higher asset-based commissions and asset management costs due to account value growth, partially offset by reduced costs to support business initiatives. Insurance and annuity benefits increased $28 million, driven by higher revenues used in determining reserve provisions, related to the increase in fee income discussed above. These increases were partially offset by a $52 million decline in interest credited to policyholders’ account balances driven by lower average account values in the general account, as discussed above.

2012 to 2011 Annual Comparison. Revenues increased $345 million, primarily driven by a $384 million increase in policy charges and fee income, and asset management fees and other income, due to growth in average variable annuity account values.

Benefits and expenses decreased $32 million. Absent the $303 million net decrease related to the impacts of certain changes in our estimated profitability of the business, discussed above, benefits and expenses increased $271 million. General and administrative expenses, net of capitalization, increased $211 million, driven by higher asset-based trail commissions, reflecting account value growth, as well as higher costs to support business initiatives. The amortization of DAC increased $92 million driven by higher gross profits primarily related to the increase in fee income discussed above, as well as higher amortization rates.

Variable Annuity Risks and Risk Mitigants

The primary risk exposures of our variable annuity contracts relate to actual deviations from, or changes to, the assumptions used in the original pricing of these products, including capital markets assumptions, such as equity market returns, interest rates and market volatility, and actuarial assumptions, such as contractholder longevity/mortality, the timing and amount of annuitization and withdrawals, and contract lapses. For our actuarial assumptions, we have retained the risk that actual experience will differ from the assumptions used in the original pricing of these products. For our capital markets assumptions, we hedge or limit our exposure to the risk created by capital markets fluctuations through a combination of product design elements, such as an automatic rebalancing element, and inclusion of certain optional living benefits in our living benefits hedging program.

Our automatic rebalancing element occurs at the contract level, and transfers assets between certain variable investment sub-accounts selected by the annuity contractholder and, depending on the benefit feature, a fixed-rate account in the general account or a bond fund sub-account within the separate accounts. The automatic rebalancing element associated with currently-sold products uses a designated bond fund sub-account within the separate accounts. The transfers are based on the static mathematical formula used with the particular benefit which considers a number of factors, including, but not limited to, the impact of investment performance on the contractholder’s total account value. The objective of the automatic rebalancing element is to help mitigate our exposure to equity market risk and market volatility. Other product design elements we utilize include, among others, asset allocation restrictions, minimum issuance age requirements and certain limitations on the amount of subsequent contractholder deposits. In addition, certain fees are based on the greater of a benefit guarantee amount or the account value, which helps preserve certain revenue streams when market fluctuations cause account values to decline.

We use our living benefits hedging program to manage the risk associated with certain of our optional living benefit guarantees. This program represents a balance among three objectives that seek to: 1) provide severe scenario protection, 2) minimize net income volatility associated with an internally-defined hedge target, and 3) maintain capital efficiency. Through our hedge program, we enter into derivative positions that seek to replicate the net change in our hedge target, discussed further below. In addition to mitigating capital markets risk and income statement volatility, the hedging program is also focused on a long-term goal of accumulating assets that could be used to pay claims under these benefits irrespective of market path. For additional information regarding this program see “—Variable Annuities Living Benefits Hedging Program Results” below.

For our optional living benefits features, claims will primarily represent the funding of contractholder lifetime withdrawals after the cumulative withdrawals have first exhausted the contractholder account value. Due to the age of the block, limited claim payments have occurred to date, and they are not expected to increase significantly within the next five years, based upon current assumptions. The timing and amount of actual future claims depend on actual returns on contractholder account value and actual contractholder behavior relative to our assumptions. The majority of our current optional living benefits features provide for guaranteed lifetime contractholder withdrawal payments based on a “highest daily” contract value. As noted under “—Account Values” above, late in the first quarter of 2013, we launched our PDI variable annuity, to complement the variable annuity products we offer with the highest daily benefit. PDI also provides for guaranteed lifetime contractholder withdrawal payments, but restricts contractholder asset allocation to a single bond fund sub-account within the separate account.

The majority of our variable annuity contracts with optional living benefits features, and all new contracts sold with our highest daily living benefits feature, include two risk mitigants in the form of an automatic rebalancing element and inclusion in our living benefits hedging program. The guaranteed benefits features of certain legacy products that were sold prior to our implementation of the automatic rebalancing element product feature are included in our living benefits hedge program. Certain legacy guaranteed minimum accumulation benefit (GMAB) products include the automatic rebalancing element, but are not included in the hedging program. Our contracts with the GMIB feature and our new PDI product have neither risk mitigant.

For our GMDBs, we provide a benefit payable in the event of death. Our base GMDB is generally equal to a return of cumulative deposits adjusted for any partial withdrawals. Certain products include an optional enhanced GMDB based on the greater of a minimum return on the contract value or an enhanced value. We have retained

the risk that the total amount of death benefit payable may be greater than the contractholder account value. However, a substantial portion of the account values associated with GMDBs are subject to an automatic rebalancing element because the contractholder also selected a living benefit feature which includes an automatic rebalancing element. All of the variable annuity account values with living benefit features also contain GMDBs. The living and death benefit features for these contracts cover the same insured life and, consequently, we have insured both the longevity and mortality risk on these lives.

The following table sets forth the risk profile of our optional living benefits and GMDB features as of the periods indicated.


	December 31, 2013					December 31, 2012					December 31, 2011
	Account Value		% of Total			Account Value		% of Total			Account Value		% of Total
	(in millions)
Optional living benefit/GMDB features(1):
Both risk mitigants(2)	$	105,630		71	%	$	89,167		68	%	$	66,853		61	%
Hedging program only		12,229		8	%		11,744		9	%		11,615		11	%
Automatic rebalancing only		2,280		2	%		2,787		2	%		3,488		3	%
Neither risk mitigant		4,459		3	%		3,556		3	%		3,685		3	%

Total optional living benefit/GMDB features	$	124,598				$	107,254				$	85,641

GMDB features only(3):
Neither risk mitigant		25,869		16	%		24,354		18	%		24,102		22	%

Total variable annuity account value	$	150,467				$	131,608				$	109,743

(1)

All contracts with optional living benefit guarantees also contain GMDB features, covering the same insured life.

(2)

Contracts with both risk mitigants have optional living benefits that are included in our living benefits hedging program, and have an automatic rebalancing element.

(3)

Reflects contracts that only include a GMDB feature and do not have an automatic rebalancing element.

The increase in the percentage of total account values that include both risk mitigants as of December 31, 2013 compared to the prior years primarily reflects sales of our latest product offerings with our highest daily optional living benefits feature, which include an automatic rebalancing element and are also included in our living benefits hedging program.

Variable Annuity Living Benefits Hedging Program Results

Under U.S. GAAP, the liability for certain optional living benefit features is accounted for as an embedded derivative and recorded at fair value, based on assumptions a market participant would use in valuing these features. The fair value is calculated as the present value of future expected benefit payments to contractholders less the present value of assessed rider fees attributable to the applicable living benefit features using option pricing techniques. See Note 20 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding the methodology and assumptions used in calculating the fair value under U.S. GAAP.

As noted within “—Variable Annuity Risks and Risk Mitigants” above, we maintain a hedge program to manage the risk associated with certain of these guarantees. Our hedge program utilizes an internally-defined hedge target. We review our hedge target and hedge program on an ongoing basis, and may periodically adjust them based on our evaluation of the risks associated with the guarantees and other factors. Based on our review in the third quarter of 2013, we adjusted our hedge target so that, as currently defined, it includes the following modifications to the assumptions used in the U.S. GAAP valuation:

•

The impact of non-performance risk (“NPR”) is excluded to maximize protection against the entire projected claim irrespective of the possibility of our own default.

•

The assumptions used in the projection of customer account values and living benefit costs are adjusted to reflect our assumed return and volatility expectations for the underlying investments.

•

Actuarial assumptions are adjusted to remove risk margins and reflect our best estimates.

Due to these modifications, we expect differences each period between the change in the value of the embedded derivative as defined by U.S. GAAP and the change in the value of the hedge positions used to replicate the hedge target, thus potentially increasing volatility in U.S. GAAP earnings. Application of the valuation methodologies described above could result in either a liability or contra-liability balance for the fair value of the embedded derivative under U.S. GAAP and/or the value of the hedge target, given changing capital market conditions and various actuarial assumptions. The following table provides a reconciliation between the fair value of the embedded derivative as defined by U.S. GAAP and the value of our hedge target as of the periods indicated.


	As of December 31,
	2013			2012
	(in billions)
Embedded derivative liability as defined by U.S. GAAP	$	0.5		$	3.3
Less: NPR Adjustment		(2.2	)		(4.8	)

Embedded derivative liability as defined by U.S. GAAP, excluding NPR		2.7			8.1
Less: Amount of embedded derivative liability, excluding NPR, excluded from hedge target liability		3.9			2.3

Hedge target liability/(contra-liability)	$	(1.2	)	$	5.8

We seek to replicate the changes in our hedge target by entering into a range of exchange-traded, cleared and over the counter equity and interest rate derivatives to hedge certain capital market risks present in our hedge target. The instruments include, but are not limited to, interest rate swaps, swaptions, floors and caps as well as equity options, total return swaps and equity futures. The following table sets forth the market and notional values of these instruments as of the periods indicated.


	As of December 31, 2013										As of December 31, 2012
	Equity					Interest Rate					Equity					Interest Rate
Instrument	Notional		Market Value			Notional		Market Value			Notional		Market Value			Notional		Market Value
	(in billions)
Futures	$	0.2	$	0.0		$	0.0	$	0.0		$	6.5	$	(0.2	)	$	0.0	$	0.0
Swaps		11.1		(0.5	)		72.2		(2.8	)		5.5		(0.1	)		54.1		3.0
Options		7.1		0.4			23.6		0.1			10.7		0.5			25.3		0.7

Total	$	18.4	$	(0.1	)	$	95.8	$	(2.7	)	$	22.7	$	0.2		$	79.4	$	3.7

Due to cash flow timing differences between our hedging instruments and the corresponding hedge target, as well as other factors such as updates to actuarial assumptions which are not hedged, the market value of the hedge portfolio compared to our hedge target measured as of any specific point in time may be different and is not expected to be fully offsetting. In addition to the derivatives held as part of the hedging program, we have cash and other invested assets available to cover the future claims payable under these guarantees and other liabilities. For additional information on the liquidity needs associated with our hedging program, see “—Liquidity and Capital Resources—Liquidity associated with other activities—Hedging activities associated with living benefit guarantees.”

The primary sources of differences between the changes in the fair value of the hedge positions and the hedge target, other than changes related to actuarial valuation assumption updates, fall into one of three categories:

•

Fund Performance—In order to project future account value changes, we make certain assumptions about how each underlying fund will perform. We map contractholder funds to indices that we believe are comparable, are readily tradable and have active derivative markets. The difference between the modeled fund performance and actual fund performance results in basis differences that can be either positive or negative.

•

Rebalancing Costs and Volatility—We incur costs associated with rebalancing hedge positions for basis differences between the hedge positions and the hedge target. Our hedge program is also subject to the impact of realized market volatility in excess of, or lower than, our hedge target volatility assumptions.

•

Liability Basis—We make assumptions about expected changes in the hedge target related to contractholder behavior, which are not hedged, and capital markets impacts, which we attempt to replicate with our hedge program. The difference between the actual change in the hedge target and the expected changes we have modeled results in basis differences, which can be either positive or negative.

The net impact of both the change in the fair value of the embedded derivative associated with our living benefit features and the change in the fair value of the related hedge positions is included in “Realized investment gains (losses), net, and related adjustments” and the related impact to the amortization of DAC and other costs is included in “Related charges,” both of which are excluded from adjusted operating income. The following table shows the net impact of changes in the embedded derivative and related hedge positions, as well as the related amortization of DAC and other costs, for the periods indicated.


	Year ended December 31,
	2013			2012(1)			2011(1)
				(2)
	(in millions)
Hedge Program Results:
Change in fair value of hedge positions	$	(9,465	)	$	(2,737	)	$	3,873
Change in value of hedge target(3)		9,234			3,480			(5,170	)

Net hedging impact(3)(4)		(231	)		743			(1,297	)

Reconciliation of Hedge Program Results to U.S. GAAP Results:
Net hedging impact (from above)	$	(231	)	$	743		$	(1,297	)
Change in portions of U.S. GAAP liability, before NPR, excluded from hedge target(3)(5)		902			(817	)		(304	)
Change in the NPR adjustment(3)		(4,333	)		(1,810	)		4,677

Subtotal		(3,662	)		(1,884	)		3,076

Related benefit/(charge) to amortization of DAC and other costs(3)		1,161			968			(1,623	)

Net impact of assumption updates and other refinements(6)		(1,533	)		(46	)		(29	)