UNITED
STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
(Mark One)
ý QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2003
OR
o TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 [NO FEE REQUIRED]
For the transition period from to .
Commission File Number: 000-15637
SILICON VALLEY BANCSHARES
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware |
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91-1962278 |
(State or other jurisdiction of |
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(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
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3003 Tasman Drive, Santa Clara, California |
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95054-1191 |
(Address of principal executive offices) |
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(Zip Code) |
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Registrants telephone number, including area code: (408) 654-7400 |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Yes ý No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Yes ý No o
At April 30, 2003, 38,798,283 shares of the registrants common stock ($0.001 par value) were outstanding.
EXPLANATORY NOTE
This Amendment No.1 to Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2003 is being filed for the purpose of deleting certain disclosures relating to the calculation of the Companys efficiency ratio, which was originally included under Part 1, Item 2, Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations. Except for the changes described above and the certifications of the Companys officers included as exhibits to this amended Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, none of the information contained in the Companys original Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q has been updated, modified or revised. The remainder of the Companys Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q is included herein for the convenience of the reader and all information is as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2003, and does not reflect any subsequent information or events.
2
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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MANAGEMENTS DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS |
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3
PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1 - INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
SILICON
VALLEY BANCSHARES AND SUBSIDIARIES
INTERIM CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Dollars in thousands, except par value) |
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March 31, |
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December
31, |
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Assets: |
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Cash and due from banks |
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$ |
145,805 |
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$ |
239,927 |
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Federal funds sold and securities purchased under agreement to resell |
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353,182 |
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202,662 |
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Investment securities |
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1,291,551 |
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1,535,694 |
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Loans, net of unearned income |
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2,070,063 |
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2,086,080 |
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Allowance for loan losses |
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(70,000 |
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(70,500 |
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Net loans |
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2,000,063 |
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2,015,580 |
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Premises and equipment |
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16,223 |
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17,886 |
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Goodwill |
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100,567 |
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100,549 |
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Accrued interest receivable and other assets |
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80,697 |
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70,883 |
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Total assets |
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$ |
3,988,088 |
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$ |
4,183,181 |
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Liabilities, Minority Interest, and Stockholders Equity: |
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Liabilities: |
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Deposits: |
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Noninterest-bearing demand |
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$ |
1,769,916 |
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$ |
1,892,125 |
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NOW |
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38,854 |
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21,531 |
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Money market |
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892,138 |
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933,255 |
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Time |
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550,186 |
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589,216 |
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Total deposits |
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3,251,094 |
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3,436,127 |
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Short-term borrowings |
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9,196 |
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9,127 |
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Other liabilities |
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61,020 |
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47,550 |
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Long-term debt |
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17,538 |
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17,397 |
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Total liabilities |
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3,338,848 |
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3,510,201 |
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Company obligated mandatorily redeemable trust preferred securities of subsidiary trust holding solely junior subordinated debentures (trust preferred securities) |
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39,247 |
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39,472 |
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Minority interest |
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43,857 |
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43,158 |
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Stockholders equity: |
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Preferred stock, $0.001 par value, 20,000,000 shares authorized; none outstanding |
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Common stock, $0.001 par value, 150,000,000 shares authorized; 38,874,487 and 40,578,093 shares outstanding at March 31, 2003 and December 31, 2002, respectively |
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39 |
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41 |
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Additional paid-in capital |
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69,649 |
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99,979 |
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Retained earnings |
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487,028 |
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476,610 |
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Unearned compensation |
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(2,248 |
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(652 |
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Accumulated other comprehensive income: |
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Net unrealized gains on available-for-sale investments |
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11,668 |
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14,372 |
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Total stockholders equity |
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566,136 |
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590,350 |
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Total liabilities, minority interest, and stockholders equity |
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$ |
3,988,088 |
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$ |
4,183,181 |
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See notes to interim consolidated financial statements.
4
SILICON VALLEY BANCSHARES AND SUBSIDIARIES
INTERIM CONSOLIDATED
STATEMENTS OF INCOME
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For the three months ended |
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(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts) |
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March 31, |
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March 31, |
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Interest income: |
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Loans |
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$ |
37,836 |
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$ |
38,325 |
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Investment securities |
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11,973 |
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15,815 |
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Federal funds sold and securities purchased under agreement to resell |
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830 |
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245 |
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Total interest income |
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50,639 |
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54,385 |
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Interest expense: |
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Deposits |
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2,451 |
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4,898 |
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Other borrowings |
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210 |
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485 |
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Total interest expense |
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2,661 |
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5,383 |
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Net interest income |
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47,978 |
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49,002 |
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Provision for loan losses |
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3,384 |
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3,426 |
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Net interest income after provision for loan losses |
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44,594 |
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45,576 |
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Noninterest income: |
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Client investment fees |
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6,332 |
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8,638 |
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Corporate finance fees |
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4,144 |
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2,962 |
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Letter of credit and foreign exchange income |
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3,503 |
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3,777 |
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Deposit service charges |
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2,876 |
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2,236 |
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Disposition of client warrants |
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1,962 |
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126 |
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Investment losses |
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(4,705 |
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(2,597 |
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Other |
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3,334 |
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1,759 |
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Total noninterest income |
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17,446 |
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16,901 |
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Noninterest expense: |
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Compensation and benefits |
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31,432 |
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24,928 |
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Net occupancy |
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4,402 |
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4,518 |
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Professional services |
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3,439 |
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3,036 |
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Furniture and equipment |
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2,194 |
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2,096 |
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Business development and travel |
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1,616 |
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2,123 |
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Correspondent bank fees |
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1,040 |
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707 |
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Telephone |
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778 |
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901 |
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Tax credit fund amortization |
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715 |
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449 |
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Postage and supplies |
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584 |
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783 |
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Trust preferred securities distributions |
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281 |
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825 |
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Other |
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3,627 |
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2,952 |
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Total noninterest expense |
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50,108 |
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43,318 |
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Minority interest |
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3,479 |
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1,840 |
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Income before income tax expense |
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15,411 |
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20,999 |
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Income tax expense |
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4,993 |
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7,639 |
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Net income |
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$ |
10,418 |
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$ |
13,360 |
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Basic earnings per share |
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$ |
0.27 |
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$ |
0.30 |
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Diluted earnings per share |
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$ |
0.26 |
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$ |
0.29 |
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See notes to interim consolidated financial statements.
5
SILICON
VALLEY BANCSHARES AND SUBSIDIARIES
INTERIM CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF
COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
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For the three months ended |
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(Dollars in thousands) |
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March 31, |
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March 31, |
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Net income |
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$ |
10,418 |
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$ |
13,360 |
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Other comprehensive income, net of tax: |
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Change in unrealized losses on available-for-sale investments |
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(1,378 |
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(2,832 |
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Reclassification adjustment for gains included in net income |
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(1,326 |
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(80 |
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Other comprehensive loss |
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(2,704 |
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(2,912 |
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Comprehensive income |
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$ |
7,714 |
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$ |
10,448 |
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See notes to interim consolidated financial statements.
6
SILICON VALLEY BANCSHARES AND SUBSIDIARIES
INTERIM CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
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For the three months ended March 31, |
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(Dollars in thousands) |
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2003 |
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2002 |
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Cash flows from operating activities: |
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Net income |
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$ |
10,418 |
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$ |
13,360 |
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Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: |
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Provision for loan losses |
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3,384 |
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3,426 |
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Minority interest |
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(3,479 |
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(1,840 |
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Depreciation and amortization |
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1,973 |
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1,766 |
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Net loss on sales of investment securities |
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4,705 |
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2,597 |
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Net gains on disposition of client warrants |
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(1,962 |
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(126 |
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(Increase) decrease in accrued interest receivable |
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(617 |
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3,036 |
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Deferred income tax benefits |
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(1,393 |
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(945 |
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(Increase) decrease in income tax receivable |
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(553 |
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8,363 |
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Decrease (increase) in unearned income |
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1,184 |
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(87 |
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Increase (decrease) in retention, warrant, and other incentive plan payable |
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2,025 |
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(201 |
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Other, net |
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2,570 |
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2,841 |
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Net cash provided by operating activities |
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18,255 |
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32,190 |
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Cash flows from investing activities: |
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Proceeds from maturities and paydowns of investment securities |
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224,825 |
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630,453 |
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Proceeds from sales of investment securities |
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2,909,648 |
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22,993 |
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Purchases of investment securities |
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(2,897,229 |
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(604,970 |
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Net increase in loans |
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6,129 |
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14,506 |
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Proceeds from recoveries of charged-off loans |
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4,820 |
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2,206 |
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Purchases of premises and equipment |
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(310 |
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(1,431 |
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Net cash provided by investing activities |
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247,883 |
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63,757 |
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Cash flows from financing activities: |
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Net decrease in deposits |
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(185,033 |
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(199,465 |
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Increase in short-term borrowings |
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69 |
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266 |
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Increase in long-term debt |
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141 |
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210 |
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Proceeds from issuance of common stock, net of issuance costs |
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553 |
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2,036 |
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Repurchase of common stock |
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(32,545 |
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Capital contributions from minority interest participants |
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7,075 |
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Net cash used by financing activities |
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(209,740 |
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(196,953 |
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Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents |
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56,398 |
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(101,006 |
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Cash and cash equivalents at January 1, |
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442,589 |
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440,532 |
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Cash and cash equivalents at March 31, |
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$ |
498,987 |
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$ |
339,526 |
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Supplemental disclosures: |
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Interest paid |
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$ |
2,743 |
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$ |
5,580 |
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Income taxes paid |
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$ |
4,748 |
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$ |
242 |
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See notes to interim consolidated financial statements.
7
SILICON VALLEY BANCSHARES AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
The accounting and reporting policies of Silicon Valley Bancshares and its subsidiaries (the Company) conform with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, rule 10-01 of regulation S-X. Certain reclassifications have been made to the Companys 2002 interim consolidated financial statements to conform to the 2003 presentations. Such reclassifications had no effect on the results of operations or stockholders equity. The following is a summary of the significant accounting and reporting policies used in preparing the interim consolidated financial statements.
Nature of Operations
Silicon Valley Bancshares is a bank holding company and a financial holding company whose principal subsidiary is Silicon Valley Bank (the Bank), a California-chartered bank, founded in 1983, and headquartered in Santa Clara, California. The Bank serves more than 9,500 clients across the country, through its 27 regional offices. The Bank has 11 offices throughout California and operates regional offices across the country, including Arizona, Colorado, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Massachusetts, Minnesota, New York, North Carolina, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Texas, Virginia, and Washington. The Bank serves emerging growth and mature companies in the technology and life sciences markets, as well as the premium wine industry. Substantially all of the assets, liabilities, and earnings of the Company relate to its investment in the Bank. The Company offers its clients financial products and services including commercial, investment, merchant and private banking, as well as value-add client services using its proprietary knowledge base. Merger, acquisition, and corporate partnering services are provided through its wholly-owned investment banking subsidiary, Alliant Partners (Alliant).
Consolidation
The interim Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of Silicon Valley Bancshares and its subsidiaries. Intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Wholly-owned merchant banking subsidiaries, SVB Strategic Investors, LLC and Silicon Valley BancVentures, Inc., are general partners of SVB Strategic Investors Fund, L.P. and Silicon Valley BancVentures, L.P., respectively, and are considered to have significant influence over the operating and financing policies. In addition, a wholly-owned private banking subsidiary, Woodside Financial is general partner of Taurus, L.P. and Libra, L.P., and is considered to have significant influence over the operating and financing policies. Therefore, SVB Strategic Investors Fund, L.P., Silicon Valley BancVentures, L.P., Taurus, L.P., and Libra, L.P. are included in the Companys interim consolidated financial statements. Minority interest represents the minority participants share of the equity of SVB Strategic Investors Fund, L.P., Silicon Valley BancVentures, L.P., Taurus, L.P., and Libra, L.P.
For further discussion, see Part 1. Financial Information Item 1. Notes to the interim Consolidated Financial Statements Note 2 to the interim Consolidated Financial Statements Business Combinations.
8
Interim Consolidated Financial Statements
In the opinion of management, the interim consolidated financial statements contain all adjustments (consisting of only normal, recurring adjustments) necessary to present fairly the Companys consolidated financial position at March 31, 2003, the interim results of its operations for the three months ended March 31, 2003 and March 31, 2002, and interim cash flow for the three months ended March 31, 2003 and March 31, 2002. The December 31, 2002 consolidated balance sheet was derived from audited financial statements. Certain information and footnote disclosures, normally presented therein, were prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, have been omitted from this report. The results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2003, may not necessarily be indicative of the Companys operating results for the full year. The interim consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Companys 2002 Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 5, 2003.
Basis of Financial Statement Presentation
The preparation of interim consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities as of the balance sheet date and the results of operations for the reported periods. Actual results could differ from those estimates. See Part 1. Financial Information Item 2. Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations Critical Accounting Policies. An estimate of possible changes or a range of possible changes cannot be made.
Revenue Recognition
Revenues earned on mergers and acquisitions advisory services are recognized when Alliant has fully completed its contractual and regulatory obligations related to its client service engagements.
The Banks wholly-owned, registered, broker-dealer subsidiary, SVB Securities, manages client funds invested in private label mutual funds and sweep products. SVB Securities generally earns client investment fees based upon the average daily balances of clients investment funds.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents as reported in the interim consolidated statements of cash flows include cash on hand, cash balances due from banks, federal funds sold, and securities purchased under agreement to resell. The cash equivalents are readily convertible to known amounts of cash and present insignificant risk of changes in value due to maturity dates of 90 days or less.
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Federal Funds Sold and Securities Purchased Under Agreement to Resell
Federal funds sold and securities purchased under agreement to resell as reported in the consolidated balance sheets include interest-bearing deposits in other financial institutions of $2.0 million and $0 million at March 31, 2003 and December 31, 2002, respectively.
Investment Securities
Fixed Income Securities
Fixed income investment securities are classified as held-to-maturity, available-for-sale, trading, or non-marketable upon purchase or acquisition.
Securities purchased with the ability and positive intent to hold to maturity are classified as held-to-maturity and are accounted for at historical cost, adjusted for the amortization of premiums or the accretion of discounts to maturity, where appropriate. The Company did not have any investments in the held-to-maturity portfolio as of March 31, 2003 or as of December 31, 2002. Unrealized losses on held-to-maturity securities become realized and are charged against earnings when it is determined that an other-than-temporary decline in value has occurred.
Securities that are held to meet investment objectives such as interest rate risk and liquidity management, and which may be sold by the Company as needed to implement management strategies, are classified as available-for-sale and are accounted for at fair value. Unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale securities, after applicable taxes, are reported in accumulated other comprehensive income, which is a separate component of stockholders equity, until realized. Unrealized losses on available-for-sale securities become realized and are charged against earnings when it is determined that an other than temporary decline in value has occurred. Further, the cost basis of the individual security is written down to fair value as a new cost basis.
Amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts on debt securities are included in interest income over the contractual terms of the underlying investment securities using the straight-line method, which approximates the effective interest method.
Securities acquired and held principally for the purpose of sale in the near term are classified as trading and are accounted for at fair value. Unrealized gains and losses resulting from fair value adjustments on trading securities, as well as gains and losses realized upon the sale of investment securities, are included in noninterest income. The Company did not have a trading portfolio as of March 31, 2003 and December 31, 2002.
Non-marketable securities include Federal Reserve Bank stock, Federal Home Loan Bank stock and tax credit funds.
Marketable Equity Securities
Investments in marketable equity securities include warrants for shares of publicly-traded companies and investments in shares of publicly-traded companies. Equity securities in the
10
Companys warrant, direct equity and venture capital fund portfolios generally become marketable when a portfolio company completes an initial public offering on a publicly-reported market, or is acquired by a publicly-traded company.
Unrealized gains or losses on warrant and equity investment securities are recorded upon the establishment of a readily determinable fair value of the underlying security, as defined by Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (SFAS) No. 115, Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Instruments.
1. Unrealized gains or losses after applicable taxes, on available-for-sale marketable equity securities that result from initial public offerings are excluded from earnings and are reported in accumulated other comprehensive income, which is a separate component of stockholders equity. The Company is often contractually restricted from selling equity securities subsequent to a portfolio companys initial public offering. Gains or losses on these marketable equity instruments are recorded in the consolidated statements of income in the period the underlying securities are sold to a third party.
2. Gains or losses on marketable warrant and equity investment securities that result from a portfolio company being acquired by a publicly-traded company are marked to market when the acquisition occurs. The resulting gains or losses are recognized into income on that date, in accordance with Emerging Issues Task Force, Issue No. 91-5, Nonmonetary Exchange of Cost-Method Investments. Further fluctuations in the market value of these marketable equity instruments, prior to eventual sale, are excluded from earnings and are reported in accumulated other comprehensive income, which is a separate component of stockholders equity. Upon the sale of these equity securities, gains and losses, which are measured from the acquisition price, are realized in the Companys consolidated statements of income.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, a decline in the fair value of any of these securities that is considered other than temporary is recorded in the Companys consolidated statements of income in the period the impairment occurs. Further, the cost basis of the underlying security is written down to fair value as a new cost basis.
Summary financial data related to the Companys marketable equity securities at March 31, 2003 are presented in Part 1. Financial Information Item 1. Notes to the interim Consolidated Financial Statements Note 4 to the interim Consolidated Financial Statements Investment Securities.
Non-Marketable Equity Securities
The Company invests in non-marketable equity securities in several ways:
Through the exercise of warrants obtained in the normal course of lending
By direct purchases of preferred or common stock in privately-held companies
By capital contributions to venture capital funds, which in turn, make investments in preferred or common stock of privately held companies
Through its venture capital fund, Silicon Valley BancVentures, L.P., which makes investments in preferred or common stock of privately held companies
11
Through its fund of funds SVB Strategic Investors Fund, L.P., which makes investments in venture capital funds, which in turn invest in privately held companies
Unexercised warrant securities are recorded at a nominal value on the Companys consolidated balance sheets. They are carried at this value until they become marketable or expire.
The Company records non-marketable venture capital fund investments and other direct private equity investments on a cost basis as the Companys interests are considered minor, as it owns less than 5% of the company and has no influence over the companys operating and financial policies. The Companys cost basis in each investment is reduced by returns until the cost basis of the individual investment is fully recovered. Returns in excess of the cost basis are recorded as investment gains in noninterest income.
The values of the non-marketable venture capital fund investments and other direct private equity investments are reviewed at least quarterly, giving consideration to the facts and circumstances of each individual investment. The Companys review of these investments typically includes the relevant market conditions, offering prices, operating results, financial conditions, and exit strategies. A decline in the fair value that is considered other than temporary is recorded in the Companys consolidated statement of income in the period the impairment occurs. Any estimated loss is recorded in noninterest income as investment losses.
Investments held by Silicon Valley BancVentures, L.P. are recorded at fair value using investment accounting rules. The investments consist of stock in private companies that are not traded on a public market and are subject to restrictions on resale. These investments are carried at estimated fair value as determined by the general partner, Silicon Valley BancVentures, Inc. The valuation generally remains at cost until such time that there is significant evidence of a change in values based upon consideration of the relevant market conditions, offering prices, operating results, financial conditions, exit strategy, and other pertinent information. Silicon Valley BancVentures, Inc., is owned and controlled by the Company and has an ownership interest of 10.7% in Silicon Valley BancVentures, L.P. As such, Silicon Valley BancVentures, L.P. is fully consolidated and any gains or losses resulting from changes in the estimated fair value of the investments are recorded as investment gains or losses in our consolidated statements of income. The limited partners share of any gains or losses is reflected in minority interest and adjusts the Companys income to its percentage ownership.
The SVB Strategic Investors Fund, L.P. portfolio consists primarily of investments in venture capital funds. These funds are recorded at fair value using investment accounting rules. The carrying value of the investments is determined by the general partner, SVB Strategic Investors, LLC, based on the percentage of SVB Strategic Investors Fund, L.P.s interest in the total fair market value as provided by each venture capital fund investment. SVB Strategic Investors, LLC generally utilizes the fair values assigned to the underlying portfolio investments by the management of the venture capital funds. The estimated fair value of the investments is determined after giving consideration to the relevant market conditions, offering prices, operating results, financial conditions, exit strategy, and other pertinent information. SVB Strategic Investors, LLC, is owned and controlled by the Company and has an ownership interest of 11.1% in SVB Strategic Investors Fund, L.P. As such, SVB Strategic Investors, LLC is fully consolidated, and any gains or losses resulting from changes in the estimated fair value of the venture capital fund investments are recorded as investment gains or losses in the Companys consolidated statements of income. The
12
limited partners share of any gains or losses is reflected in minority interest and adjusts the Companys income to its percentage ownership.
Summary financial data related to the Companys non-marketable equity securities at March 31, 2003 are presented in Part 1. Financial Information Item 1. Notes to the interim Consolidated Financial Statements Note 4 to the interim Consolidated Financial Statements Investment Securities.
Loans
Loans are reported at the principal amount outstanding, net of unearned income. Unearned income includes both deferred loan origination and commitment fees and costs. The net amount of unearned income is amortized into loan interest income over the contractual terms of the underlying loans and commitments using the interest method or the straight-line method, if not materially different, adjusted for actual loan prepayment experience.
Allowance for Loan Losses
The allowance for loan losses is established through a provision for loan losses charged to expense to provide for credit risk. The Company applies the following evaluation process to its loan portfolio to estimate the required allowance for loan losses.
The Company maintains a systematic process for the evaluation of individual loans and pools of loans for inherent risk of loan losses. On a quarterly basis, each loan in its portfolio is assigned a credit risk-rating. Credit risk-ratings are assigned on a scale of 1 to 10, 1 representing loans with a low risk of nonpayment, 9 representing loans with the highest risk of nonpayment, and 10 representing loans which have been charged-off. This credit risk-rating evaluation process includes, but is not limited to, such factors as payment status, the financial condition of the borrower, borrowers compliance with loan covenants, underlying collateral values, potential loan concentrations, and general economic conditions. The Companys policies require a committee of senior management to review credit relationships that exceed specific dollar values, at least quarterly. The Companys review process evaluates the appropriateness of the credit risk rating and allocation of allowance for loan losses, as well as other account management functions. In addition, the Companys management receives and approves an analysis for all impaired loans, as defined by the Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 114 Accounting by Creditors for Impairment of a Loan. The allowance for loan losses is calculated based on a formula allocation for similarly risk-rated loans, or for specific risk issues, which suggest a probable loss factor exceeding the formula allocation for a specific loan, or for individual impaired loans as determined by SFAS No. 114.
The Companys evaluation process is designed to determine the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses. The Company assesses the risk of losses inherent in the loan portfolio by utilizing modeling techniques. For this purpose, the Company has developed a statistical model based on historical loan loss migration to estimate an appropriate allowance for outstanding loan balances. In addition, the Company applies macro allocations to the results of the aforementioned model to ascertain the total allowance for loan losses. While this evaluation process uses historical and other objective information,
13
the classification of loans and the establishment of the allowance for loan losses relies, to a great extent, on the judgment and experience of the Companys management.
The Companys allowance for loan losses is established for loan losses not yet realized. The process of anticipating loan losses is imprecise. The Companys allowance for loan losses is its best estimate using the historical loan loss experience and its perception of variables potentially leading to deviation from the historical loss experience.
Nonaccrual Loans
SFAS No. 114, Accounting by Creditors for Impairment of a Loan and SFAS No. 118, Accounting by Creditors for Impairment of a Loan-Income Recognition and Disclosures requires the Company to measure impairment of a loan based upon the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loans effective interest rate, except that as a practical expedient, the Company may measure impairment based on the loans observable market price or the fair value of the collateral if the loan is collateral-dependent. A loan is considered impaired when, based upon currently known information, it is deemed probable that the Company will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the agreement.
Loans are placed on nonaccrual status when they become 90 days past due as to principal or interest payments (unless the principal and interest are well secured and in the process of collection), when the Company has determined, based upon currently known information, that the timely collection of principal or interest is doubtful, or when the loans otherwise become impaired under the provisions of SFAS No. 114, Accounting by Creditors for Impairment of a Loan.
When a loan is placed on nonaccrual status, the accrued interest is reversed against interest income and the loan is accounted for on the cash or cost recovery method thereafter until qualifying for return to accrual status. Generally, a loan will be returned to accrual status when all delinquent principal and interest become current in accordance with the terms of the loan agreement and full collection of the principal and interest appears probable.
Stock-Based Compensation
The Company has elected to follow Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees (APB No. 25), and related interpretations, in accounting for its employee stock options rather than the alternative fair value accounting allowed by SFAS No. 123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation, as amended by SFAS No. 148, Accounting for Stock-Based CompensationTransition and Disclosure. APB No. 25 provides that the compensation expense relative to the Companys employee stock options is measured based on the intrinsic value of the stock option. SFAS No. 123 as amended by SFAS No. 148 requires companies that continue to follow APB No. 25 to provide a pro-forma disclosure of the impact of applying the fair value method of SFAS No. 123. The Company accounts for stock issued to non-employees in accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 123 and Financial Accounting Standards Board Interpretation No. 44, Accounting for Certain Transactions Involving Stock Compensation.
14
A comparison of reported and pro-forma net income, including effects of expensing stock options, follows.
|
|
Three Months Ended March 31, |
|
||||
|
|
2003 |
|
2002 |
|
||
|
|
(Dollars in thousands, |
|
||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Net income, as reported |
|
$ |
10,418 |
|
$ |
13,360 |
|
Add: Stock-based compensation expense included inreported net income, net of tax |
|
138 |
|
188 |
|
||
Less: Total stock-based employee compensation expense determined under fair value based method, net of tax |
|
(3,712 |
) |
(3,986 |
) |
||
Net income, pro-forma |
|
$ |
6,844 |
|
$ |
9,562 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Basic earnings per share: |
|
|
|
|
|
||
As reported |
|
$ |
0.27 |
|
$ |
0.30 |
|
Pro-forma |
|
0.18 |
|
0.21 |
|
||
Diluted earnings per share: |
|
|
|
|
|
||
As reported |
|
0.26 |
|
0.29 |
|
||
Pro-forma |
|
0.18 |
|
0.21 |
|
Derivative Financial Instruments
The Company accounts for derivative instruments in accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, as amended by SFAS No. 138, Accounting for Certain Derivative Instruments and Certain Hedging Activities. SFAS No. 133, as amended, establishes accounting and reporting standards for derivative instruments, and requires that all derivative instruments be recorded on the balance sheet at fair value. Additionally, the accounting for changes in fair value depends on whether the derivative instrument is designated and qualifies as part of a hedging relationship and, if so, the nature of the hedging activity. Changes in the fair value of derivatives that do not qualify for hedge treatment, as well as the ineffective portion of a particular hedge, must be recognized currently in earnings. For derivative instruments that are designated and qualify as a fair value hedge, the gain or loss on the derivative instrument as well as the offsetting gain or loss on the hedged item attributable to the hedged risk are recognized in earnings in the current period, unless the derivative instrument meets the definition of the short-cut treatment, as defined by SFAS No. 133. For derivative instruments that are designated and qualify as a cash flow hedge, changes in the fair value of the effective portion of the derivative instrument are recognized in Other Comprehensive Income (OCI). These amounts are reclassified from OCI and recognized in earnings when either the forecasted transaction occurs or it becomes probable that the forecasted transaction will not occur. See Part 1. Financial Information Item 1. Notes to the interim Consolidated Financial Statements Note 8 to the interim Consolidated Financial Statements Derivative Financial Instruments.
15
Foreign Exchange Contracts
The Company enters into foreign exchange contracts with clients involved in international trade finance activities. The Company also enters into an opposite-way foreign exchange contract with a correspondent bank, which completely mitigates the risk of fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates, for each of the contracts entered into with its clients. However, settlement, credit, and operational risks remain. The Company does not enter into foreign exchange contracts for any other purposes. These contracts are not designated as hedging instruments and are recorded at fair value in the Companys consolidated balance sheets. Changes in the fair value of these contracts are recognized immediately in non-interest income.
Business Combinations
The Company accounts for business combinations in accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 141, Business Combinations, which requires that the purchase method of accounting be used for all business combinations initiated after June 30, 2001. SFAS No. 141 also specifies the criteria that intangible assets acquired in a purchase method business combination must meet to be recognized and reported apart from goodwill, noting that any purchase price allocable to an assembled workforce may not be accounted for separately. See Part 1. Financial Information Item 1. Notes to the interim Consolidated Financial Statements Note 2 to the interim Consolidated Financial Statements Business Combinations.
Goodwill and Other Intangibles
The Company accounts for intangible assets in accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets. Under these provisions, the Company is required to reassess the useful lives and residual values of all intangible assets acquired in purchase business combinations. In addition, to the extent an intangible asset is identified as having an indefinite useful life, the Company is required to test the intangible asset for impairment in accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 142 each year. SFAS No. 142 requires that goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite useful lives no longer be amortized, but instead tested for impairment at least annually. The Company adopted the provisions of SFAS No. 142 on January 1, 2002.
In testing for a potential impairment of goodwill, SFAS 142 requires the Company to: (1) allocate goodwill to the reporting units to which the acquired goodwill relates; (2) estimate the fair value of those reporting units to which goodwill relates; and (3) determine the carrying value (book value) of those reporting units. Furthermore, if the estimated fair value is less than the carrying value for a particular reporting unit, then the Company is required to estimate the fair value of all identifiable assets and liabilities of the reporting unit, in a manner similar to a purchase price allocation for an acquired business. Only after this process is completed is the amount of goodwill impairment determined. Accordingly, the process of evaluating the potential impairment of goodwill is highly subjective and requires significant judgment at many points during the analysis.
Substantially all of the Companys goodwill pertains to the acquisition of Alliant, discussed in Part 1. Financial Information Item 1. Notes to the interim Consolidated Financial Statements Note 2 to the interim Consolidated Financial Statements Business Combinations. In
16
accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 142, the goodwill balance was determined to be unamortizable. The Company completed its initial test for goodwill impairment in July 2002. Based on the Companys best estimates, it concluded that there was no impairment of its goodwill. However, changes in these estimates could cause the businesses to be valued differently. If Alliant does not meet projected operating results, subsequent analyses could result in a non-cash goodwill impairment charge, depending on the estimated value of the Alliant business unit and the value of the other assets and liabilities attributed to the business. The Company will perform the test of impairment in July 2003, and does not anticipate an impairment of goodwill. At March 31, 2003, the Companys goodwill totaled $100.6 million.
Obligation Under Guarantees
The Company provides guarantees related to financial and performance standby letters of credit. The Company accounts for these guarantees in accordance with the provision of FASB Interpretation No. 45, Guarantors Accounting and Disclosure Requirements for Guarantees, Including Indirect Guarantees of Indebtedness of Others. The Company recognizes a liability with respect to its stand-ready obligation under the guarantee even if the probability of future payments under the guarantee is remote. The Company recognizes a liability for the fair value of the guarantee at the inception of the contract. See Part 1. Financial Information Item 1. Notes to the interim Consolidated Financial Statements Note 11 to the interim Consolidated Financial Statements Obligation Under Guarantees.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In January 2003, FASB issued Interpretation No. 46, Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities (VIE). It defined a VIE as a corporation, partnership, trust, or any other legal structure used for the business purpose that either a) does not have equity investors with voting rights or b) has equity investors that do not provide sufficient financial resources for the entity to support its activities. This interpretation will require a VIE to be consolidated by a company if that company is subject to a majority of the risk of loss from the VIEs activities or entitled to receive a majority of the entitys residual return. The interpretation states that if a VIE was acquired before February 1, 2003, the Company is required to disclose the impact of the VIE in its interim and annual financial statements beginning after June 15, 2003. However, if it is reasonably possible that the Company will consolidate or disclose information about a VIE when this interpretation becomes effective, then the Company is required to disclose the nature, purpose, size, activities, and its maximum exposure to loss as a result of its investment with that VIE in its financial statements issued after January 31, 2003 regardless of the date on which the VIE was created. As of March 31, 2003, the Company has identified one VIE which would require consolidation treatment if we continue to hold an ownership interest of greater than 50%. This VIE is a real estate partnership, which invests in affordable housing projects and provide its investors federal and state income tax credits. As of March 31, 2003, the Company committed approximately $5.1 million to this partnership of which $4.6 million has been funded. This partnership was not consolidated in the Companys financial statements at March 31, 2003. The Company does not expect to have a significant impact from the consolidation of this partnership on its consolidated financial statements.
In April 2003, the FASB issued SFAS No. 149, Amendment of Statement 133 on Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, to provide clarification on the meaning of an underlying,
17
the characteristics of a derivative that contains financing components and the meaning of an initial net investment that is smaller than would be required for other types of contracts that would be expected to have a similar response to changes in market factors. SFAS No. 149 will be applied prospectively and is effective for contracts entered into or modified after June 30, 2003. This statement will be applicable to existing contracts and new contracts entered into after June 30, 2003 if those contracts relate to forward purchases or sales of when-issued securities or other securities that do not yet exist. The Company does not expect the adoption of SFAS No. 149 to have a material effect on the Companys results of operations or financial condition.
2. Business Combinations
On October 1, 2002, the Company acquired substantially all of the assets of Woodside Asset Management, Inc., an investment advisor firm. Woodside Asset Management, Inc. is expected to enable the Company to expand its product offerings in the private banking. Additionally, as part of this acquisition, Silicon Valley Bancshares obtained the general partner interests in two limited partnerships, Taurus, L.P., and Libra, L.P., with total assets aggregating $11.4 million. The Company has less than a 1% ownership interest in each of these funds. The remaining ownership interest represents limited partners funds invested on their behalf, by the general partner, in certain fixed income and marketable equity securities. However, due to the Companys ability to control the investing activities of these limited partnerships, we have consolidated the related results of operations and financial condition into our interim consolidated financial statements, since the date of acquisition. This acquisition did not have a material impact on goodwill and is not expected to materially impact the Companys earnings in the short-term.
On September 28, 2001, the Company completed its acquisition of Alliant and has included its results of operations in the Companys consolidated results of operations since that date. The acquisition has allowed the Company to strengthen its investment banking platform for its clients. The Company agreed to purchase the assets of Alliant for a total of $100.0 million, due in several installments of cash and common stock. These installments are payable over four years between September 30, 2001 and September 30, 2005. The first two installments aggregating $72.0 million have been paid in cash. The remaining $28.0 million was discounted at prevailing forward market interest rates ranging between 2.9% and 3.3% and was recorded as short-term and long-term debt. In addition to the fixed purchase price, the sellers received certain contingent purchase price payments including 75% of the pre-tax income of Alliant for the twelve-month period ended September 28, 2002. Furthermore, the Company shall pay to the sellers an amount equal to fifteen times the amount by which Alliants cumulative after-tax net income from October 1, 2002 to September 30, 2005 exceeds $26.5 million, provided, however, that the aggregate amount of any deferred earnout payment shall not exceed $75.0 million. The Company shall also make retention payments aggregating $5.0 million in equal annual installments on September 28, 2003, 2004, and 2005. The purchase price was allocated to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed, based on the estimated net fair values at the date of acquisition of approximately $0.5 million. The excess of purchase price over the estimated fair values of the net assets acquired was recorded as goodwill. The business combinations were recorded in accordance with SFAS No. 141. See Part 1. Financial Information Item 1. Notes to the interim Consolidated Financial Statements Notes 1 and 7 to the interim Consolidated Financial Statements Significant Accounting Policies and Borrowings.
18
3. Earnings Per Share (EPS)
The following is a reconciliation of basic EPS to diluted EPS for the three months ended March 31, 2003 and 2002.
|
|
Three Months Ended March 31 |
|
||||||
(Dollars and shares in thousands, |
|
Net |
|
Shares |
|
Per Share |
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
2003: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Basic EPS: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Income available to common stockholders |
|
$ |
10,418 |
|
39,092 |
|
$ |
0.27 |
|
Effect of Dilutive Securities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Stock options and restricted stock |
|
|
|
691 |
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Diluted EPS: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Income available to common stockholders plus assumed conversions |
|
$ |
10,418 |
|
39,783 |
|
$ |
0.26 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
2002: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Basic EPS: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Income available to common stockholders |
|
$ |
13,360 |
|
45,179 |
|
$ |
0.30 |
|
Effect of Dilutive Securities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Stock options and restricted stock |
|
|
|
1,346 |
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Diluted EPS: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Income available to common stockholders plus assumed conversions |
|
$ |
13,360 |
|
46,525 |
|
$ |
0.29 |
|
19
4. Investment Securities
The detailed composition of the Companys available-for-sale and non-marketable investment securities is presented as follows:
(Dollars in thousands) |
|
March 31, |
|
December
31, |
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Available-for-sale securities, at fair value |
|
$ |
1,201,415 |
|
$ |
1,444,231 |
|
Non-marketable investment securities: |
|
|
|
|
|
||
Federal Reserve Bank stock and tax credit funds |
|
25,934 |
|
25,649 |
|
||
Federal home loan bank stock |
|
2,171 |
|
2,172 |
|
||
Venture capital fund investments (1) |
|
45,898 |
|
46,822 |
|
||
Private equity investments (2) |
|
16,133 |
|
16,820 |
|
||
Total investment securities |
|
$ |
1,291,551 |
|
$ |
1,535,694 |
|
(1) Non-marketable venture capital fund investments included $20.9 million and $22.1 million related to SVB Strategic Investors Fund, L.P., at March 31, 2003, and December 31, 2002, respectively. The Company has a controlling ownership interest of 11.1% in the fund. Excluding the minority interest owned portion of SVB Strategic Investors Fund, L.P., the Company has non-marketable venture capital fund investments of $27.4 million and $27.2 million as of March 31, 2003, and December 31, 2002, respectively.
(2) Non-marketable private equity investments included $9.8 million and $10.0 million related to Silicon Valley BancVentures, L.P., at March 31, 2003, and December 31, 2002, respectively. The Company has a controlling ownership interest of 10.7% in the fund. Excluding the minority interest owned portion of Silicon Valley BancVentures, L.P., the Company has non-marketable other private equity investments of $7.3 million and $7.9 million as of March 31, 2003, and December 31, 2002, respectively.
The following tables present the carrying value of our non-marketable venture capital and other private equity investments at and for the three months ended March 31, 2003.
|
|
(As consolidated) |
|
|||||||||||||
|
|
Wholly-Owned
Equity |
|
Managed
Funds |
|
|
|
|||||||||
|
|
Venture |
|
Other |
|
Silicon Valley |
|
SVB Strategic |
|
Total |
|
|||||
|
|
(Dollars in thousands) |
|
|||||||||||||
Fund size |
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
56,100 |
|
$ |
121,800 |
* |
$ |
177,900 |
|
||
Commitments |
|
$ |
54,583 |
|
$ |
15,168 |
|
14,677 |
|
101,382 |
|
185,810 |
|
|||
Capital investment |
|
37,029 |
|
15,168 |
|
14,677 |
|
32,943 |
|
99,817 |
|
|||||
Carrying value |
|
25,040 |
|
6,279 |
|
9,854 |
|
20,858 |
|
62,031 |
|
|||||
Net investment losses |
|
(560 |
) |
(730 |
) |
(632 |
) |
(2,852 |
) |
(4,774 |
) |
|||||
|
|
(Net of minority interest ownership of managed funds) |
|
|||||||||||||
|
|
Wholly-Owned
Equity |
|
Managed
Funds |
|
|
|
|||||||||
|
|
Venture |
|
Other |
|
Silicon Valley |
|
SVB Strategic |
|
Total |
|
|||||
|
|
(Dollars in thousands) |
|
|||||||||||||
Commitments |
|
$ |
54,583 |
|
$ |
15,168 |
|
$ |
6,000 |
|
$ |
13,500 |
* |
$ |
89,251 |
|
Capital investment |
|
37,029 |
|
15,168 |
|
1,980 |
|
4,320 |
|
58,497 |
|
|||||
Carrying value |
|
25,040 |
|
6,279 |
|
1,054 |
|
2,312 |
|
34,685 |
|
|||||
Net investment losses |
|
(560 |
) |
(730 |
) |
(68 |
) |
(316 |
) |
(1,674 |
) |
|||||
Management fee revenue |
|
|
|
|
|
271 |
|
251 |
|
522 |
|
|||||
* Effective January 1, 2003, SVB Strategic Investors Fund, L.P. reduced the total capital that can be called from $135.3 million to $121.8 million as a result of the reductions in the size of the underlying venture capital fund investments. Our committed capital that can be called was reduced from $15.0 million to $13.5 million.
20
5. Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
The detailed composition of loans, net of unearned income of $13.0 million and $11.8 million, at March 31, 2003, and December 31, 2002, respectively, is presented in the following table:
(Dollars in thousands) |
|
March 31, |
|
December
31, |
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Commercial |
|
$ |
1,772,166 |
|
$ |
1,756,182 |
|
Real estate construction |
|
46,895 |
|
43,178 |
|
||
Real estate term |
|
55,922 |
|
56,190 |
|
||
Consumer and other |
|
195,080 |
|
230,530 |
|
||
Total loans |
|
$ |
2,070,063 |
|
$ |
2,086,080 |
|
The activity in the allowance for loan losses for the three months ended March 31, 2003 and 2002 was as follows:
|
|
Three months ended March 31, |
|
||||
(Dollars in thousands) |
|
2003 |
|
2002 |
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Beginning balance |
|
$ |
70,500 |
|
$ |
72,375 |
|
Provision for loan losses |
|
3,384 |
|
3,426 |
|
||
Loans charged off |
|
(8,704 |
) |
(6,632 |
) |
||
Recoveries |
|
4,820 |
|
2,206 |
|
||
Balance at March 31, |
|
$ |
70,000 |
|
$ |
71,375 |
|
The aggregate recorded investment in loans for which impairment has been determined in accordance with SFAS No. 114 totaled $19.1 million and $19.0 million at March 31, 2003, and March 31, 2002, respectively. Allocations of the allowance for loan losses specific to impaired
21
loans totaled $6.0 million at March 31, 2003, and $7.3 million at March 31, 2002. Average impaired loans for the first quarter of 2003 and 2002 totaled $17.6 million and $19.6 million, respectively.
6. Goodwill
The goodwill balance at March 31, 2003 and December 31, 2002 was $100.6 million and $100.5 million, respectively. In accordance with the provisions of SFAS 142, the goodwill balance was determined to be unamortizable. The Company completed its initial test for goodwill impairment in July 2002, the results of which concluded that the goodwill balance was not impaired.
7. Borrowings
As of March 31, 2003, the Company had $9.2 million and $17.5 million in short-term borrowings and long-term debt, respectively. These borrowings were recorded in relation to the acquisition of Alliant and are payable to the former owners, who are now employed by the Company. The short-term note payable, due September 30, 2003, has a face value of $9.3 million. The long-term note payable, due in two equal annual installments commencing September 28, 2004, has a face value of $18.7 million. These notes were discounted over their respective terms, based on market interest rates as of September 28, 2001. See Part 1. Financial Information Item 1. Notes to the interim Consolidated Financial Statements Note 2 to the interim Consolidated Financial Statements Business Combinations. The Company currently has available federal funds and lines of credit facilities totaling $120.0 million, which were unused at March 31, 2003.
8. Derivative Financial Instruments
Derivative instruments that the Company uses as a part of its interest rate risk management may include interest rate swaps, caps, and floors and forward contracts. On June 3, 2002, the Company entered into a derivative agreement with a notional amount of $40.0 million. The agreement hedges against the risk of changes in fair value associated with the Companys $40.0 million, fixed rate, Trust Preferred Securities. Changes in the fair value of the derivative agreement and the Trust Preferred Securities are primarily dependent on changes in market interest rates. The derivative instrument has a fair value of $0.5 million that was recorded in other assets at March 31, 2003.
Because the swap meets the criteria for the short cut treatment, the benefit or expense is recorded in the period incurred. This derivative agreement provided a benefit of $0.5 million in the first three months of 2003, compared to the first three months of 2002. The terms of the derivative agreement provide for quarterly receipt of a fixed-rate and payment of London Inter-Bank Offer Rate (LIBOR) plus a spread, based on the $40.0 million notional amount. The derivative agreement mirrors the terms of the Trust Preferred Securities and, therefore, is callable by the counter-party anytime after June 15, 2003. The Company assumes no ineffectiveness as the interest rate swap agreement meets the short-cut method requirements under SFAS 133 for fair value hedges of debt instruments. As a result, changes in the fair value of the derivative agreement are offset by changes in the fair value of the Trust Preferred Securities, and no net gain or loss is recognized in earnings.
22
For the Companys Foreign Exchange Contracts and Foreign Currency Option Contracts, see the Companys 2002 Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 5, 2003.
9. Operating Segments
Prior to January 1, 2002, the Company operated as one segment. On January 1, 2002, the Company reorganized into five lines of banking and financial services for management reporting: Commercial Banking, Investment Banking, Private Banking, Merchant Banking, and Other Business Services. These operating segments are strategic units that offer different services to different clients. They are managed separately because each segment appeals to different markets and, accordingly, requires different strategies. The results of operating segments are based on the Companys management reporting process, which assigns assets, liabilities, income, and expenses to the aforementioned operating segments. This process is dynamic and, unlike financial accounting there is no comprehensive, authoritative guidance for the management reporting equivalent to generally accepted accounting principles. The management reporting process measures the process of operating segments based on the Companys management structure and is not necessarily comparable with similar information for other financial services companies. Changes in the management structure and/or the allocation process may (and have) result(ed) in changes in the Companys allocation methodology as this process is under constant refinement. In that case, results for prior periods would be (and have been) restated for comparability. Results for the first quarter of 2002 have been restated to reflect changes in the Companys allocation methodology.
As of March 31, 2003, based on the quantitative threshold for determining reportable segments as required by SFAS 131 Disclosures About Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information, the Companys reportable segments are: Commerical Banking, which is the principal operating segment of the Company, Merchant Banking, and the remaining segments.
Commercial Banking provides lending services, which include traditional term loans, commercial finance lending, and structured finance lending. Commercial Bankings cash management services unit provides deposit services, collection services, disbursement services, electronic funds transfers, and online banking through SVBeConnect. Commercial Bankings International services unit provides trade services, foreign exchange services, export trade finance, and international cash management. Also, Commercial Banking provides investment and advisory services through the Silicon Valley Banks broker-dealer subsidiary, SVB Securities, which includes mutual funds, fixed income securities, and investment reporting and monitoring. The lending, deposit, cash management, International, and investment banking services to venture capital firms are included in the Merchant Banking.
Merchant Banking makes private equity and venture capital fund investments, international alliances and manage two limited partnerships: a venture capital fund and a fund of funds. Merchant Banking also provides the lending, deposit, cash management, International, and investment banking services to venture capital firms.
Other segments include Investment Banking, Private Banking, and Other Business Services. Investment Banking provides merger and acquisition and corporate partnering services through the Companys broker-dealer subsidiary, Alliant Partners. Private Banking provides a wide array of loan, personal asset management, mortgage services, trust and estate planning tailored for
23
high-net-worth individuals. It also provides investment advisory services to these clients through the Companys Woodside Asset Management, Inc., subsidiary. The Other Business Services unit provides Web-based business services, professional services, and executive placement services. Client Exchange is the Companys online bulletin board, resume, and assets exchange service, and BenchmarkPro gives the Companys clients the opportunity to see the financial performance of companies relative to their industry.
The Companys primary source of revenue is from net interest income. Thus, the Companys segments are reported below using net interest income. The Company also evaluates performance based on noninterest income and noninterest expense goals, which are also presented as measures of segment profit and loss. The Company does not allocate income taxes to the segments.
|
|
Commercial |
|
Merchant |
|
Other |
|
Total |
|
||||
|
|
(Dollars in thousands) |
|
||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
First quarter of 2003 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
Net interest income |
|
$ |
38,749 |
|
$ |
3,220 |
|
$ |
6,009 |
|
$ |
47,978 |
|
Provision for loan losses (1) |
|
3,886 |
|
|
|
(502 |
) |
3,384 |
|
||||
Noninterest income (2) |
|
14,244 |
|
1,488 |
|
1,714 |
|
17,446 |
|
||||
Noninterest expense (3) |
|
35,760 |
|
4,221 |
|
10,127 |
|
50,108 |
|
||||
Minority interest |
|
|
|
570 |
|
2,909 |
|
3,479 |
|
||||
Income before income tax expense |
|
13,347 |
|
1,057 |
|
1,007 |
|
15,411 |
|
||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
Total average loans |
|
1,531,256 |
|
89,131 |
|
236,108 |
|
1,856,495 |
|
||||
Total estimated assets (4) |
|
2,890,577 |
|
522,340 |
|
481,643 |
|
3,894,561 |
|
||||
Total average deposits |
|
2,529,146 |
|
487,419 |
|
143,129 |
|
3,159,694 |
|
||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
First quarter of 2002 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
Net interest income |
|
$ |
39,542 |
|
$ |
2,660 |
|
$ |
6,800 |
|
$ |
49,002 |
|
Provision for loan losses (1) |
|
4,341 |
|
|
|
(915 |
) |
3,426 |
|
||||
Noninterest income (2) |
|
15,507 |
|
109 |
|
1,285 |
|
16,901 |
|
||||
Noninterest expense (3) |
|
32,448 |
|
3,201 |
|
7,669 |
|
43,318 |
|
||||
Minority interest |
|
|
|
508 |
|
1,332 |
|
1,840 |
|
||||
Income before income tax expense |
|
18,260 |
|
76 |
|
2,663 |
|
20,999 |
|
||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
Total average loans |
|
1,465,142 |
|
54,142 |
|
154,708 |
|
1,673,992 |
|
||||
Total estimated assets (4) |
|
2,954,661 |
|
486,749 |
|
574,251 |
|
4,015,661 |
|
||||
Total average deposits |
|
2,561,321 |
|
452,504 |
|
195,309 |
|
3,209,134 |
|
(1) For operating segment reporting purposes, the Company reports net charge-offs as the provision for loan losses. Thus, the Other column includes $(0.5) million and $(0.9) million for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2003 and March 31, 2002, respectively, which represent the difference between net charge-offs and the provision for loan losses.
(2) Noninterest income presented in the Merchant Banking column included warrant income of $2.0 million and $0.1 million, for the periods ended March 31, 2003 and March 31, 2002, respectively.
(3) Commercial Banking column included depreciation and amortization of $0.3 million for the periods ended March 31, 2003 and March 31, 2002.
(4) Total estimated assets presented in the Other column included investments held by Silicon Valley Bancshares, the parent company, and goodwill primarily related to the Alliant acquisition of $100.6 million and $98.4 million as of March 31, 2003 and March 31, 2002, respectively.
24
10. Common Stock Repurchase
The Company repurchased 1.9 million shares of common stock totaling $32.5 million during the first quarter of 2003, in conjunction with the $100.0 million share repurchase program authorized by the Board of Directors on September 16, 2002.
In January 2003, the Company entered into an accelerated stock repurchase (ASR) agreement for 1.7 million shares of common stock for $29.9 million. The terms of this second ASR arrangement are substantially the same as those in the ASR agreement entered into in November 2002 with the exception of the size. See Item 8. Consolidated Financial Statements and Supplementary Data Note 15 to the Consolidated Financial Statements Common Stock Repurchases in our 2002 Annual Report on Form 10-K, as filed with the SEC, for terms of the ASR agreement. As of March 31, 2003, the Company completed all obligations under the ASR.
In November 2002, the Company entered into an ASR agreement to facilitate the repurchase of its shares of common stock. Pursuant to the agreement, the Company purchased approximately 2.3 million shares from the counterparty for approximately $40.0 million. As of March 31, 2003, the Company completed all obligations under the ASR. See Item 8. Consolidated Financial Statements and Supplementary Data Note 15 to the Consolidated Financial Statements Common Stock Repurchases in our 2002 Annual Report on Form 10-K, as filed with the SEC, for terms of the ASR agreement.
Additionally, during 2002, prior to the ASR agreement, the Company also repurchased 2.3 million shares of common stock, at an average price of $21.83 per share, for a total purchase price of $50.2 million in conjunction with the $50.0 million shares repurchase program authorized by the Board of Directors on March 21, 2002.
11. Obligations Under Guarantees
The Company provides guarantees related to financial and performance standby letters of credit issued to its clients to enhance their credit standing and enable them to complete a wide variety of business transactions. Financial standby letters of credit are conditional commitments issued by the Company to guarantee the payment by a client to a third party (beneficiary). Financial standby letters of credit are primarily used to support many types of domestic and international payments. Performance standby letters of credit are issued to guarantee the performance of a client to a third party when certain specified future events have occurred. Performance standby letters of credit are primarily used to support performance instruments such as bid bonds, performance bonds, lease obligations, repayment of loans, and past due notices. These standby letters of credit have fixed expiration dates and generally require a fee paid by a client at the time the Company issue the commitment. Fees generated from these standby letters of credit are recognized in noninterest income over the commitment period.
The credit risk involved in issuing letters of credit is essentially the same as that involved with extending loan commitments to clients, and accordingly, we use a credit evaluation process and
25
collateral requirements similar to those for loan commitments. The Companys standby letters of credit often are cash-secured by its clients. The actual liquidity needs or the credit risk that the Company have experienced historically have been lower than the contractual amount of letters of credit issued because a significant portion of these conditional commitments expire without being drawn upon.
The table below summarizes at March 31, 2003 our standby letter of credits at the inception of the contract. The maximum potential amount of future payments represents the amount that could be lost under the standby letter of credits if there were a total default by the guaranteed parties, without consideration of possible recoveries under recourse provisions or from the collateral held or pledged.
|
|
Expires
within |
|
Expires
after |
|
Total
amount |
|
Maximum
amount of |
|
||||
|
|
(dollars in thousands) |
|
||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
Financial standby |
|
$ |
510,852 |
|
$ |
90,435 |
|
$ |
601,287 |
|
$ |
601,287 |
|
Performance standby |
|
4,091 |
|
599 |
|
4,690 |
|
4,690 |
|
||||
Total |
|
$ |
514,943 |
|
$ |
91,034 |
|
$ |
605,977 |
|
$ |
605,977 |
|
At March 31, 2003, the carrying amount of the liabilities related to financial and performance standby letters of credit was zero. At March 31, 2003, cash collateral available to us to reimburse losses under financial and performance standby letters of credits was $319.6 million.
12. Subsequent Event
On April 17, 2003, the Companys Board of Directors authorized a share repurchase program of up to $160.0 million. As of the filing date of this document, the Company has not purchased common stock under this program.
26
ITEM 2 -
MANAGEMENTS DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL
CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Results of Operations
Throughout the following management discussion and analysis when we refer to Silicon Valley Bancshares, or we or similar words, we intend to include Silicon Valley Bancshares and all of its subsidiaries collectively, including Silicon Valley Bank. When we refer to Silicon, we are referring only to Silicon Valley Bancshares.
The following discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our interim consolidated financial statements and supplementary data as presented in Part I - Item 1 of this report and in conjunction with our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2002.
This discussion and analysis contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Our senior management have in the past and might in the future make forward-looking statements orally to analysts, investors, the media, and others. Forward-looking statements are statements that are not historical facts. Broadly speaking, forward-looking statements include:
(1) |
|
Projections of our revenues, income, earnings per share, capital expenditures, capital structure or other financial items |
(2) |
|
Descriptions of strategic initiatives, plans or objectives of our management for future operations, including pending acquisitions |
(3) |
|
Descriptions of products, services, and industry sectors |
(4) |
|
Forecasts of future economic performance |
(5) |
|
Descriptions of assumptions underlying or relating to any of the foregoing |
In this report, we make forward-looking statements discussing our managements expectations about:
(1) |
|
Future investment gains or losses from private equity and venture capital fund investments |
(2) |
|
Future market conditions and impairment charges on investments |
(3) |
|
Future credit losses due to nonperformance of other parties |
(4) |
|
Future changes in allowance for loan losses balance |
(5) |
|
Future revenues of Alliant Partners |
(6) |
|
Future changes in our average loan balances and their impact on our net interest margin |
(7) |
|
Future changes in short-term interest rates and their impact on our earnings |
(8) |
|
Future changes in private label investment product balances due to transferring of private label investment operations from Silicon Valley Bank to its wholly-owned broker-dealer subsidiary |
(9) |
|
Future nonperforming loans |
(10) |
|
Future funds generated through earnings and their impact on liquidity |
(11) |
|
Future common stock repurchases; and |
(12) |
|
Future changes in trust preferred securities distributions expense due to changes in hedging interest rates |
You can identify these and other forward-looking statements by the use of words such as becoming, may, will, should, predicts, potential, continue, anticipates, believes, estimates, seeks, expects, plans, intends, or the negative of such words, or
27
comparable terminology. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in these forward-looking statements are reasonable, and we have based these expectations on our beliefs, as well as our assumptions, such expectations may prove to be incorrect. Our actual results of operations and financial performance could differ significantly from those expressed in or implied by our managements forward-looking statements.
For information with respect to factors that could cause actual results to differ from the expectations stated in the forward-looking statements, see the text under the caption Risk Factors included in Item 7A of our annual report on Form 10-K as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) on March 5, 2003. We urge investors to consider all of these factors carefully in evaluating the forward-looking statements contained in this discussion and analysis. All subsequent written or oral forward-looking statements attributable to our company or persons acting on our behalf are expressly qualified in their entirety by these cautionary statements. The forward-looking statements included in this filing are made only as of the date of this filing. We do not intend, and undertake no obligation, to update these forward-looking statements.
Certain reclassifications have been made to prior years results to conform with 2003 presentations. Such reclassifications had no effect on our results of operations or stockholders equity.
Critical Accounting Policies
Investments in marketable equity securities include warrants for shares of publicly-traded companies and investments in shares of publicly-traded companies. Equity securities in our warrant, direct equity, and venture capital fund portfolios generally become marketable when a portfolio company completes an initial public offering on a publicly-reported market, or is acquired by a publicly-traded company. Our merchant banking marketable warrant and equity securities totaled $0.1 million at March 31, 2003 and $0.8 million at December 31, 2002. Marketable equity securities related to Taurus, L.P. and Libra, L.P. totaled approximately $6.8 million, see Part 1. Financial Information Item 1. Notes to the interim Consolidated Financial Statements Note 2 to the interim Consolidated Financial Statements Business Combinations. These instruments are classified as available-for-sale and are accounted for at fair value. We recognized gains from the disposition of client warrants in our consolidated statements of income of $2.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2003, and $0.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2002.
Unrealized gains or losses on warrant and equity investment securities are recorded upon the establishment of a readily determinable fair value of the underlying security, as defined by Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (SFAS) No. 115, Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Instruments.
1. Unrealized gains or losses after applicable taxes on available-for-sale marketable equity securities that result from initial public offerings are excluded from earnings and are reported in accumulated other comprehensive income, which is a separate component of stockholders equity. We are often contractually restricted from selling equity securities subsequent to a portfolio companys initial public offering. Gains or losses on these
28
marketable equity instruments are recorded in our consolidated statements of income in the period the underlying securities are sold to a third party.
2. Gains or losses on marketable warrant and equity investment securities that result from a portfolio company being acquired by a publicly-traded company are marked to market when the acquisition occurs. The resulting gains or losses are recognized into income on that date, in accordance with Emerging Issues Task Force, Issue No. 91-5, Nonmonetary Exchange of Cost-Method Investments. Further fluctuations in the market value of these marketable equity instruments, prior to eventual sale, are excluded from earnings and are reported in accumulated other comprehensive income, which is a separate component of stockholders equity. Upon the sale of these equity securities to a third party, gains and losses, which are measured from the acquisition price, are recognized in our consolidated statements of income.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, a decline in the fair value of any of these securities that is considered other than temporary is recorded in our consolidated statements of income in the period the impairment occurs. Further, the cost basis of the underlying security is written down to fair value as a new cost basis.
We consider our marketable equity securities accounting policies to be critical, as the timing and amount of income, if any, from these instruments typically depend upon factors beyond our control. These factors include the general condition of the public equity markets, levels of mergers and acquisitions activity, fluctuations in the market prices of the underlying common stock of these companies, and legal and contractual restrictions on our ability to sell the underlying securities. Hence, the amount of income we realize from these equity instruments in future periods may vary materially from the current unrealized amount of $0.1 million and are likely to vary materially from period to period.
Non-Marketable Equity Securities
We invest in non-marketable equity securities in several ways:
Through the exercise of warrants obtained in the normal course of lending
By direct purchases of preferred or common stock in privately held companies
By capital contributions to venture capital funds, which in turn, make investments in preferred or common stock of privately held companies
Through our venture capital fund, Silicon Valley BancVentures, L.P., which makes investments in preferred or common stock of privately held companies
Through our fund of funds, SVB Strategic Investors Fund, L.P., which makes investments in venture capital funds, which in turn invest in privately held companies
Unexercised warrant securities are recorded at a nominal value on our consolidated balance sheets. They are carried at this value until they become marketable or expire.
29
A summary of our accounting policies for other non-marketable equity securities is presented in the following table. A complete description of the accounting policies follows the table.
|
|
Private
Equity and Venture |
|
|
|
Wholly-Owned by Silicon |
|
Cost Basis Less Identified Impairment, If Any |
|
|
|
Owned by Silicon Valley BancVentures, L.P. |
|
Investment Accounting, Adjust To Fair Value |
Non-marketable venture capital fund investments and other direct private equity investments wholly-owned by Silicon totaled $31.3 million at March 31, 2003 and $31.6 million at December 31, 2002 (excluding our ownership interest in our managed funds, SVB Strategic Investors Fund, L.P. and Silicon Valley BancVentures, L.P., which are described below.) We record these investments on a cost basis as our interests are considered minor because we own less than 5% of the company and have no influence over the companys operating and financial policies. Our cost basis in each investment is reduced by returns until the cost basis of the individual investment is fully recovered. Returns in excess of the cost basis are recorded as investment gains in noninterest income.
The values of the non-marketable venture capital fund investments and other direct private equity investments are reviewed at least quarterly, giving consideration to the facts and circumstances of each individual investment. Managements review of these equity investments typically includes the relevant market conditions, offering prices, operating results, financial conditions, and exit strategies. A decline in the fair value that is considered other than temporary is recorded in our consolidated statements of income in the period the impairment occurs. Any estimated loss is recorded in noninterest income as investment losses.
Investments held by Silicon Valley BancVentures, L.P. totaled $9.9 million at March 31, 2003 and $10.0 million at December 31, 2002 and are recorded at fair value using investment accounting rules. The investments consist of stock in private companies that are not traded on a public market and are subject to restrictions on resale. These investments are carried at estimated fair value as determined by the general partner, Silicon Valley BancVentures, Inc. The valuation generally remains at cost until such time that there is significant evidence of a change in values based upon consideration of the relevant market conditions, offering prices, operating results, financial conditions, exit strategies, and other pertinent information. Silicon Valley BancVentures, Inc. is owned and controlled by Silicon and has an ownership interest of 10.7% in Silicon Valley BancVentures, L.P. Therefore, Silicon Valley BancVentures, L.P. is fully consolidated and any gains or losses resulting from changes in the estimated fair value of the investments are recorded as investment gains or losses in our consolidated statements of income. The portion of any gains or losses belonging to the limited partners is reflected in minority interest and adjusts Silicons income to its percentage ownership.
The SVB Strategic Investors Fund, L.P. portfolio consists primarily of investments in venture capital funds. These funds totaled $20.9 million at March 31, 2003 and $22.1 million at December 31, 2002, and are recorded at fair value using investment accounting rules. The carrying value of the investments is determined by the general partner, SVB Strategic Investors,
30
LLC, based on the percentage of SVB Strategic Investors Fund, L.P.s interest in the total fair market value as provided by each venture capital fund investment. SVB Strategic Investors, LLC generally utilizes the fair values assigned to the underlying portfolio investments by the management of the venture capital funds. The estimated fair value of the investments is determined after giving consideration to the relevant market conditions, offering prices, operating results, financial conditions, exit strategy, and other pertinent information. SVB Strategic Investors, LLC, is owned and controlled by Silicon and has an ownership interest of 11.1% in SVB Strategic Investors Fund, L.P. Therefore, SVB Strategic Investors Fund, L.P. is fully consolidated and any gains or losses resulting from changes in the estimated fair value of the venture capital fund investments are recorded as investment gains or losses in our consolidated statements of income. The limited partners share of any gains or losses is reflected in minority interest and adjusts Silicons income to its percentage ownership.
Please refer to Part 1. Financial Information Item 1. Notes to the interim Consolidated Financial Statements Note 4 to the Consolidated Financial Statements Investments, for the carrying value of our non-marketable venture capital and other private equity investments for the three months ended March 31, 2003.
We consider our non-marketable equity securities accounting policies to be critical, as the timing and amount of gain or losses, if any, from these instruments depend upon factors beyond our control. These factors include the general condition of the public equity markets, levels of mergers and acquisitions activity, and legal and contractual restrictions on our ability to sell the underlying securities. Therefore, we cannot predict future gains or losses with any degree of accuracy and any gains or losses are likely to vary materially from period to period. In addition, the valuation of non-marketable equity securities included in our financial statements at March 31, 2003 represents our best interpretation of the underlying equity securities performance at this time. Because of the inherent uncertainty of valuations, the estimated values of these securities may differ significantly from the values that would have been used had a ready market for the securities existed, and the differences could be material. Future adverse changes in market conditions or poor operating results of underlying investments could result in losses or an inability to recover the carrying value of the investments that may not be reflected in an investments carrying value, thereby possibly requiring an impairment charge in the future.
Allowance for Loan Losses
We consider our accounting policy relating to the estimation of the allowance for loan losses to be critical as it involves material estimates by our management and is particularly susceptible to significant changes in the near term.
We define credit risk as the probability of sustaining a loss because other parties to the financial instrument fail to perform in accordance with the terms of the contract. Through the administration of loan policies and monitoring of the loan portfolio, our management seeks to reduce such credit risks. While we follow underwriting and credit monitoring procedures, which we believe are appropriate in growing and managing the loan portfolio, in the event of nonperformance by these other parties, our potential exposure to credit losses could significantly affect our consolidated financial position and earnings.
The allowance for loan losses is established through a provision for loan losses charged to expense to provide for credit risk. Our allowance for loan losses is established for loan losses not
31
yet realized. The process of anticipating loan losses is imprecise. Our management applies the following evaluation process to our loan portfolio to estimate the required allowance for loan losses.
We maintain a systematic process for the evaluation of individual loans and pools of loans for inherent risk of loan losses. On a quarterly basis, each loan in our portfolio is assigned a credit risk-rating. Credit risk-ratings are assigned on a scale of 1 to 10, with 1 representing loans with a low risk of nonpayment, 9 representing loans with the highest risk of nonpayment, and 10 representing loans which have been charged-off. This credit risk-rating evaluation process includes, but is not limited to, consideration of factors such as payment status, the financial condition of the borrower, borrower compliance with loan covenants, underlying collateral values, potential loan concentrations, and general economic conditions. Our policies require a committee of senior management to review credit relationships that exceed specific dollar values, at least quarterly. Our review process evaluates the appropriateness of the credit risk rating and allocation of allowance for loan losses, as well as other account management functions. In addition, our management receives and approves an analysis for all impaired loans, as defined by the Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 114 Accounting by Creditors for Impairment of a Loan. The allowance for loan losses is calculated based on a formula allocation for similarly risk-rated loans, or for specific risk issues, which suggest a probable loss factor exceeding the formula allocation for a specific loan, or for individual impaired loans as determined by SFAS No. 114.
Our evaluation process was designed to determine the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses. We assess the risk of losses inherent in the loan portfolio by utilizing modeling techniques. For this purpose, we have developed a statistical model based on historical loan loss migration to estimate an appropriate allowance for outstanding loan balances. In addition, we apply macro allocations to the results of the aforementioned model to ascertain the total allowance for loan losses. While this evaluation process uses historical and other objective information, the classification of loans and the establishment of the allowance for loan losses, relies, to a great extent, on the judgment and experience of our management.
Historical Loan Loss Migration Model
We use the historical loan loss migration model as a basis for determining expected loan loss factors by credit risk-rating category. The effectiveness of the historical loan loss migration model is predicated on the theory that historical trends are predictive of future experience. Specifically, the model calculates the likelihood and rate of a loan in one risk-rating category moving one category lower using loan data from our portfolio.
We analyze the historical loan loss migration trend by compiling gross loan loss data and by credit risk rating for the four-quarter period preceding the current period end. Each of the loans charged-off over the four-quarter period is assigned a credit risk rating at the end of each of the preceding quarters. On a quarter-by-quarter basis, the model calculates charged-off loans as a percentage of current period end loans by credit risk-rating category. These percentages are weighted, based on the age of the data, and are aggregated to estimate our loan loss factors. These expected loan loss factors are ultimately applied to the current period end aggregate outstanding loan balances to provide an estimation of the allowance for loan losses.
32
Macro Allocations
Additionally, we apply a contingent allocation to the results of this model. Our contingent allocation acknowledges that unfunded credit obligations can result in future losses. Unfunded credit obligations at each quarter end are allocated to credit risk-rating categories in accordance with the clients credit risk-rating. We provide for the risk of loss on unfunded credit obligations by allocating fixed credit risk-rating factors to our unfunded credit obligations.
A macro allocation is calculated each quarter based upon an assessment of the risks that may lead to a loan loss experience different from our historical results. These risks are aggregated to become our macro allocation. Based on managements prediction or estimates of changing risks in the lending environment, the macro allocation may vary significantly from period to period and includes but is not limited to consideration of the following factors:
(1) |
|
Changes in lending policies and procedures, including underwriting standards and collections, charge-off and recovery practices |
(2) |
|
Changes and development in national and local economic business conditions, including the market and economic condition of our clients industry sectors |
(3) |
|
Changes in the nature of our loan portfolio |
(4) |
|
Changes in experience, ability and depth of lending management and staff |
(5) |
|
Changes in the trend of the volume and severity of past due and classified loans |
(6) |
|
Changes in the trend of the volume of nonaccrual loans, troubled debt restructurings and other loan modifications |
Finally, we compute several modified versions of the model, which provide additional assurance that the statistical results of the historical loan loss migration model are reasonable. Our Chief Credit Officer and Chief Financial Officer evaluate the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses based on the results of the historical loan loss migration model.
In addition to risk-rating every loan in our portfolio, our management concluded that our allowance for loan and lease losses at March 31, 2003 was appropriate in consideration of the following factors:
(1) |
|
The past due and nonaccrual loans are performing at satisfactory levels |
(2) |
|
A decreased risk of loan losses resulting from client instigated corporate fraud, due to the enforcement of recent government corporate governance regulations |
(3) |
|
An increase of $17.2 million in our average loan balance between December 31, 2002 and March 31, 2003 |
(4) |
|
A continued weakness in the U.S. economy |
(5) |
|
A declining venture capital fund investment into our clients in our core industry sectors |
We consider our allowance for loan losses at March 31, 2003 to be adequate but not excessive and to be our best estimate using the historical loan loss experience and our perception of variables potentially leading to deviation from the historical loss experience. However, future changes in circumstances, economic conditions or other
33
factors could cause us to increase or decrease the allowance for loan losses as deemed necessary. In addition, various regulatory agencies, as an integral part of their examination process, periodically review our allowance for loan losses. Such agencies may require us to make adjustments to the allowance for loan losses based on their judgment of information available to them at the time of their examination.
Goodwill
As discussed in Part 1. Financial Information Item 1. Notes to the interim Consolidated Financial Statements Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements Significant Accounting Policies, we adopted the provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standard No. 142 (SFAS No.142), Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets on January 1, 2002. Under this standard, we are required to test intangible assets identified as having an indefinite useful life for impairment in accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 142 each year.
In testing for a potential impairment of goodwill, SFAS 142 requires us to: (1) allocate goodwill to the reporting units to which the acquired goodwill relates, (2) estimate the fair value of those reporting units to which goodwill relates, and (3) determine the carrying value (book value) of those reporting units. Furthermore, if the estimated fair value is less than the carrying value for a particular reporting unit, then we are required to estimate the fair value of all identifiable assets and liabilities of the reporting unit in a manner similar to a purchase price allocation for an acquired business. Only after this process is completed is the amount of goodwill impairment determined. Accordingly, the process of evaluating the potential impairment of goodwill is highly subjective and requires significant judgment at many points during the analysis.
Substantially all of our goodwill pertains to the acquisition of Alliant, discussed in Part 1. Financial Information Item 1. Notes to the interim Consolidated Financial Statements Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements Business Combinations. In accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 142, the goodwill balance was determined to be unamortizable. We completed our initial test for goodwill impairment in July 2002. Based on our best estimates, we have concluded that there is no impairment of our goodwill. However, changes in these estimates could cause the businesses to be valued differently. If Alliant does not meet projected operating results, then this analysis could potentially result in a non-cash goodwill impairment charge, depending on the estimated value of the Alliant business unit and the value of the other assets and liabilities attributed to the business. We will perform the test of impairment in July 2003, and do not anticipate an impairment of goodwill. At March 31, 2003, our goodwill totaled $100.6 million.
Earnings Summary
We reported net income of $10.4 million, or $0.26 per diluted share, for the first quarter of 2003, compared with net income of $13.4 million, or $0.29 per diluted share, for the first quarter of 2002. The annualized return on average assets (ROA) was 1.1% in the first quarter of 2003 compared with 1.3% in the first quarter of 2002. The annualized return on average equity (ROE) for the first quarter of 2003 was 7.3%, compared with 8.5% in the first quarter of 2002.
The decrease in net income for the first quarter of 2003, as compared with the first quarter of 2002, primarily resulted from a decline in net interest income combined with an increase in noninterest expense, partially offset by an increase in noninterest income and a decline in income
34
tax expense. The decrease in net interest income was primarily due to a 50 basis point decline in the average prime rate. The major components of net income and changes in these components are summarized in the following table for the three months ended March 31, 2003 and 2002, and are discussed in more detail below.
|
|
For the Three Months Ended March 31, |
|
|||||||
(Dollars in thousands) |
|
2003 |
|
2002 |
|
2002 to
2003 |
|
|||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
Net interest income |
|
$ |
47,978 |
|
$ |
49,002 |
|
$ |
(1,024 |
) |
Provision for loan losses |
|
3,384 |
|
3,426 |
|
(42 |
) |
|||
Noninterest income |
|
17,446 |
|
16,901 |
|
545 |
|
|||
Noninterest expense |
|
50,108 |
|
43,318 |
|
6,790 |
|
|||
Minority interest |
|
3,479 |
|
1,840 |
|
1,639 |
|
|||
Income before income taxes |
|
15,411 |
|
20,999 |
|
(5,588 |
) |
|||
Income tax expense |
|
4,993 |
|
7,639 |
|
(2,646 |
) |
|||
Net income |
|
$ |
10,418 |
|
$ |
13,360 |
|
$ |
(2,942 |
) |
Net Interest Income and Margin
Net interest income is defined as the difference between interest earned, primarily on loans, investment securities, federal funds sold, securities purchased under agreement to resell, and interest paid on funding sources, primarily deposits. Net interest income is our principal source of revenue. Net interest margin is defined as the amount of annualized net interest income, on a fully taxable-equivalent basis, expressed as a percentage of average interest-earning assets. The average yield earned on interest-earning assets is the amount of annualized taxable-equivalent interest income expressed as a percentage of average interest-earning assets. The average rate paid on funding sources is defined as annualized interest expense as a percentage of average interest-earning assets.
The following table sets forth average assets, liabilities, minority interest, stockholders equity, interest income, interest expense, average yields and rates, and the composition of our net interest margin for the three months ended March 31, 2003 and 2002, respectively.
35
|
|
AVERAGE
BALANCES, RATES AND YIELDS |
|
||||||||||||||
|
|
2003 |
|
2002 |
|
||||||||||||
(Dollars in thousands) |
|
Average |
|
Interest |
|
Yield/ |
|
Average |
|
Interest |
|
Yield/ |
|
||||
Interest-earning assets: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
Federal funds sold and securities purchased under agreement to resell (1) |
|
$ |
248,384 |
|
$ |
830 |
|
1.4 |
% |
$ |
55,709 |
|
$ |
245 |
|
1.8 |
% |
Investment securities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
Taxable |
|
1,233,457 |
|
10,377 |
|
3.4 |
|
1,631,706 |
|
13,850 |
|
3.4 |
|
||||
Non-taxable (2) |
|
144,727 |
|
2,455 |
|
6.9 |
|
234,865 |
|
3,023 |
|
5.2 |
|
||||
Loans: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
Commercial |
|
1,547,717 |
|
34,241 |
|
9.0 |
|
1,435,717 |
|
34,699 |
|
9.8 |
|
||||
Real estate construction and term |
|
100,879 |
|
1,437 |
|
5.8 |
|
102,720 |
|
1,913 |
|
7.6 |
|
||||
Consumer and other |
|
207,899 |
|
2,158 |
|
4.2 |
|
135,555 |
|
1,713 |
|
5.1 |
|
||||
Total loans |
|
1,856,495 |
|
37,836 |
|
8.3 |
|
1,673,992 |
|
38,325 |
|
9.3 |
|
||||
Total interest-earning assets |
|
3,483,063 |
|
51,498 |
|
6.0 |
|
3,596,272 |
|
55,443 |
|
6.3 |
|
||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
Cash and due from banks |
|
185,405 |
|
|
|
|
|
210,467 |
|
|
|
|
|
||||
Allowance for loan losses |
|
(73,094 |
) |
|
|
|
|
(74,393 |
) |
|
|
|
|
||||
Goodwill |
|
100,571 |
|
|
|
|
|
96,399 |
|
|
|
|
|
||||
Other assets |
|
198,616 |
|
|
|
|
|
186,916 |
|
|
|
|
|
||||
Total assets |
|
$ |
3,894,561 |
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
4,015,661 |
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
Funding sources: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
Interest-bearing liabilities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
NOW deposits |
|
$ |
22,214 |
|
25 |
|
0.5 |
|
$ |
45,449 |
|
84 |
|
0.7 |
|
||
Regular money market deposits |
|
306,882 |
|
456 |
|
0.6 |
|
341,150 |
|
834 |
|
1.0 |
|
||||
Bonus money market deposits |
|
609,104 |
|
903 |
|
0.6 |
|
641,365 |
|
1,576 |
|
1.0 |
|
||||
Time deposits |
|
558,558 |
|
1,067 |
|
0.8 |
|
673,730 |
|
2,404 |
|
1.4 |
|
||||
Short-term borrowings |
|
9,153 |
|
69 |
|
3.1 |
|
43,453 |
|
275 |
|
2.6 |
|
||||
Long-term debt |
|
17,451 |
|
141 |
|
3.3 |
|
25,762 |
|
210 |
|
3.3 |
|
||||
Total interest-bearing liabilities |
|
1,523,362 |
|
2,661 |
|
0.7 |
|
1,770,909 |
|
5,383 |
|
1.2 |
|
||||
Portion of noninterest-bearing funding sources |
|
1,959,701 |
|
|
|
|
|
1,825,363 |
|
|
|
|
|
||||
Total funding sources |
|
3,483,063 |
|
2,661 |
|
0.3 |
|
3,596,272 |
|
5,383 |
|
0.6 |
|
||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
Noninterest-bearing funding sources: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
Demand deposits |
|
1,662,936 |
|
|
|
|
|
1,507,440 |
|
|
|
|
|
||||
Other liabilities |
|
57,767 |
|
|
|
|
|
34,712 |
|
|
|
|
|
||||
Trust preferred securities (3) |
|
38,701 |
|
|
|
|
|
38,643 |
|
|
|
|
|
||||
Minority interest |
|
36,516 |
|
|
|
|
|
27,910 |
|
|
|
|
|
||||
Stockholders equity |
|
575,279 |
|
|
|
|
|
636,047 |
|
|
|
|
|
||||
Portion used to fund interest-earning assets |
|
(1,959,701 |
) |
|
|
|
|
(1,825,363 |
) |
|
|
|
|
||||
Total liabilities, minority interest, and stockholders equity |
|
$ |
3,894,561 |
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
4,015,661 |
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
Net interest income and margin |
|
|
|
$ |
48,837 |
|
5.7 |
% |
|
|
$ |
50,060 |
|
5.6 |
% |
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
Total deposits |
|
$ |
3,159,694 |
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
3,209,134 |
|
|
|
|
|
(1) Includes average interest-bearing deposits in other financial institutions of $1,311 and $2,463 for the three months ended March 31, 2003 and 2002, respectively.
(2) Interest income on non-taxable investments is presented on a fully taxable-equivalent basis using the federal statutory rate of 35% in 2003 and 2002. The tax equivalent adjustments were $859 and $1,058 for the three months ended March 31, 2003 and 2002, respectively.
(3) The 8.25% annual distribution to SVB Capital I, which is a special-purpose trust formed for the purpose of issuing the trust preferred securities, is recorded as a component of noninterest expense.
36
Net interest income is affected by changes in the amount and mix of interest-earnings assets and interest-bearing liabilities, referred to as volume change. Net interest income is also affected by changes in yields earned on interest-earning assets and rates paid on interest-bearing liabilities, referred to as rate change. The following table sets forth changes in interest income and interest expense for each major category of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities. The table also reflects the amount of simultaneous change attributable to both volumes and rates for the periods indicated. For this table, changes that are not solely due to either volume or rate are allocated in proportion to the percentage changes in average volume and average rate. Changes relating to investments in non-taxable municipal securities are presented on a fully taxable-equivalent basis using the federal statutory rate of 35% in 2003 and 2002.
|
|
2003
Compared to 2002 |
|
|||||||
(Dollars in thousands) |
|
Volume |
|
Rate |
|
Total |
|
|||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
Interest income: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
Federal funds sold and securities purchased under agreement to resell |
|
$ |
657 |
|
$ |
(72 |
) |
$ |
585 |
|
Investment securities |
|
(4,713 |
) |
672 |
|
(4,041 |
) |
|||
Loans |
|
3,950 |
|
(4,439 |
) |
(489 |
) |
|||
Decrease in interest income |
|
(106 |
) |
(3,839 |
) |
(3,945 |
) |
|||
Interest expense: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
NOW deposits |
|
(33 |
) |
(26 |
) |
(59 |
) |
|||
Regular money market deposits |
|
(77 |
) |
(301 |
) |
(378 |
) |
|||
Bonus money market deposits |
|
(76 |
) |
(597 |
) |
(673 |
) |
|||
Time deposits |
|
(360 |
) |
(977 |
) |
(1,337 |
) |
|||
Short-term borrowings |
|
(250 |
) |
44 |
|
(206 |
) |
|||
Long-term debt |
|
(67 |
) |
(2 |
) |
(69 |
) |
|||
Decrease in interest expense |
|
(863 |
) |
(1,859 |
) |
(2,722 |
) |
|||
Increase (decrease) in net interest income |
|
$ |
757 |
|
$ |
(1,980 |
) |
$ |
(1,223 |
) |
Net interest income, on a fully taxable-equivalent basis, totaled $48.8 million for the first quarter of 2003, a decrease of $1.2 million, or 2.4%, from the $50.1 million total for the first quarter of 2002. The decrease in net interest income for the first quarter of 2003 was due to a $3.9 million, or 7.1%, decrease in interest income, offset by a $2.7 million, or 50.6%, decrease in interest expense over the first quarter of 2002.
We have implemented numerous measures to minimize the impact of the decline in market interest rates. These measures included diversifying the product mix in the investment portfolio to higher-yielding, high-quality assets, reducing rates paid on interest-bearing deposits, and embedding minimum interest rate floors into client loan agreements. We also increased the average expected life of investments in our portfolio by replacing some assets from lower-yielding short-term securities to higher-yielding longer-term securities, thereby taking advantage of the steeper interest rate curve. Overall, the expected average life of portfolio investments was approximately 1.7 years at March 31, 2003.
The $3.9 million decrease in interest income for the first quarter of 2003, as compared to the first quarter of 2002, was primarily the result of a $3.8 million unfavorable rate variance.
37
Average loans increased $182.5 million, or 10.9%, in the 2003 first quarter as compared to the 2002 first quarter, resulting in a $4.0 million favorable volume variance. We grew our total average loan portfolio to a record level for the fourth consecutive quarter, in part by refocusing on attracting middle-market and mature technology and life sciences clients, which we believe are currently under-served by competitors exiting these industry sectors. We experienced loan growth across most of the industry sectors we served. Nevertheless, new loans continue to be subject to our sound underwriting practices. We expect loan growth to continue in the latter half of 2003, although at a slower pace than we experienced in 2002. We expect further growth in our loan balances to bolster our net interest margin since it will shift lower yielding short-term, highly-liquid interest-earning assets, to loans with yields ranging from approximately 4.2% to 9.0%.
Average investment securities for the first quarter of 2003 decreased $488.4 million, or 26.2%, as compared to the 2002 first quarter, resulting in a $4.7 million unfavorable volume variance. The decrease in average investment securities was primarily centered in U.S. agency securities, obligations of states and political subdivisions, and money market mutual funds, which collectively decreased $700.1 million. These decreases were partially offset by a $300.4 million increase in mortgage-backed securities. The decrease in average investment securities resulted from a shift in interest-earning assets to loans and federal funds sold. Additionally, we repurchased approximately 7.5 million shares of common stock for approximately $142.3 million from the second quarter of 2002 through the first quarter of 2003, thus reducing our investable funds.
Average federal funds sold and securities purchased under agreement to resell in the first quarter of 2003 increased $192.7 million, or 345.9%, from the first quarter of 2002, resulting in a $0.7 million favorable volume variance. We shifted funds from money market mutual funds to federal funds sold and securities purchased under agreement to resell, which provided comparatively higher yields in the 2003 first quarter.
Unfavorable rate variances associated with federal funds sold and securities purchased under agreement to resell and loans caused a $4.5 million decline in our interest income for the first quarter of 2003 as compared to the first quarter of 2002. Short-term market interest rates decreased 50 basis points in November 2002. Thus, we earned lower yields in the first quarter of 2003 on federal funds sold and securities purchased under agreements to resell.
In the first quarter of 2003, we incurred a $4.4 million unfavorable rate variance associated with our loan portfolio. The average yield on loans in first quarter 2003 decreased 100 basis points to 8.3% from 9.3% in the prior year first quarter. This was primarily due to two related factors. First, the lower average prime rate reduced yields on floating rate loans, which represent approximately 81% of our total loan portfolio. The weighted-average prime rate declined 50 basis points from 4.8% in the first quarter of 2002 to 4.3% in the first quarter of 2003. Second, our fixed-rate loans are priced by reference to U.S. Treasury securities. During 2002, the treasury yield curve moved lower and flattened. Thus, we earned lower yields in new, renewed, and refinanced fixed rate loans. Active management of the investment portfolio assets resulted in a higher yield in investment securities primarily due to a shift in investments to mortgage-backed securities. Many elements of our interest-earning assets are extremely interest rate sensitive, thus we expect that any increase in interest rates will be incremental to our earnings.
The yield on average interest-earning assets decreased 30 basis points in the first quarter of 2003 from the first quarter of 2002. This decrease primarily resulted from a decline in market interest rates.
38
Total interest expense in the 2003 first quarter decreased $2.7 million from the first quarter of 2002. This decrease was due to a favorable volume variance of $0.9 million combined with a favorable rate variance of $1.9 million. The favorable rate variance primarily resulted from a reduction in the average rate paid on our time deposit product, from 1.4% in the first quarter 2002 to 0.8% in the first quarter of 2003.
The average cost of funds paid in the first quarter of 2003 was 0.3%, down from 0.6% paid in the first quarter of 2002. The decrease in the average cost of funds was largely due to a decrease of 60 basis points in the average rate paid on our time deposit product.
Provision For Loan Losses
The provision for loan losses is based on our evaluation of the adequacy of the existing allowance for loan losses in relation to total loans, and on our periodic assessment of the inherent and identified risk dynamics of the loan portfolio resulting from reviews of selected individual loans and loan commitments.
Our provision for loan losses totaled $3.4 million for the first quarter of 2003, relatively unchanged from the first quarter of 2002. We incurred net charge-off of $3.9 million in the first quarter of 2003, as compared to $4.4 million in the first quarter of 2002. See Financial Condition - Credit Quality and the Allowance for Loan Losses for additional related discussion.
Noninterest Income
The following table summarizes the components of noninterest income for the three months ended March 31, 2003 and 2002:
|
|
For the Three Months Ended March 31, |
|
||||
(Dollars in thousands) |
|
2003 |
|
2002 |
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Client investment fees |
|
$ |
6,332 |
|
$ |
8,638 |
|
Corporate finance fees |
|
4,144 |
|
2,962 |
|
||
Letter of credit and foreign exchange income |
|
3,503 |
|
3,777 |
|
||
Deposit service charges |
|
2,876 |
|
2,236 |
|
||
Disposition of client warrants |
|
1,962 |
|
126 |
|
||
Investment losses |
|
(4,705 |
) |
(2,597 |
) |
||
Other |
|
3,334 |
|
1,759 |
|
||
Total noninterest income |
|
$ |
17,446 |
|
$ |
16,901 |
|
Noninterest income increased $0.5 million to a total of $17.4 million in the first quarter of 2003, as compared to $16.9 million in the first quarter of 2002. This increase was primarily due to an increase of $1.8 million in the disposition of client warrants and a $1.2 million increase in corporate finance fees, partially offset by a decrease of $2.3 million in client investment fees. Client investment fees totaled $6.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2003, a decrease of $2.3 million, or 26.7%, from $8.6 million in the first quarter of 2002. We offer private label investment and sweep products to clients on which we earn fees ranging from 14 to 95 basis points on the average balance of these products. At March 31, 2003, $8.1 billion in client funds were invested in private label investments and sweep products, including $6.2 billion in the mutual fund products compared to $8.9 billion and $7.1 billion for the first quarter of 2002, respectively. The decrease in client investment fees was due to a shift of client funds from more profitable products to less profitable ones combined with a decline in our clients balances.
39
In the third quarter of 2002, we completed a short-term initiative of transferring the private label investment operations from Silicon Valley Bank into a wholly-owned registered, broker-dealer subsidiary of Silicon Valley Bank. In the first quarter of 2003, we formed a registered investment advisor unit to attract larger private-label client investment balances. These actions will allow us to provide a more expansive and competitive array of investment products and service to our clients. While the fees earned per dollar managed has been reduced, we expect to make up for the lower fees though greater volume. We expect average client investment balances in the second quarter of 2003 to be slightly below the first quarter of 2003. However, as we continue to re-align our sales effort, we expect private-label client investment balances to increase later this year.
Corporate finance fees generated by Alliant, our mergers and acquisitions subsidiary, totaled $4.1 million in the first quarter of 2003, an increase of $1.2 million, or 39.9%, from the $3.0 million earned in the 2002 first quarter. The increased pace of merger and acquisition deal closings caused first quarter revenues to be the second highest since we acquired Alliant. Due to the nature of the mergers and acquisitions industry, we expect Alliant revenues to continue to be volatile, but to exhibit a general upward trend over the long run.
Letter of credit fees, foreign exchange fees, and other trade finance income totaled $3.5 million in the first quarter of 2003, a decrease of $0.3 million, or 7.3%, from the $3.8 million earned in the first quarter of 2002. The decrease in the first quarter of 2003 as compared to the 2002 first quarter was primarily due to lower volume of client exchange transactions, which resulted from the impact of recent global political events.
Deposit service charges totaled $2.9 million for the first quarter of 2003, an increase of $0.6 million, or 28.6% from the first quarter of 2002. As we have expanded and enhanced our suite of fee-based financial (depository) services and client usage has increased, overall service fees have increased quarter over quarter. Additionally, clients compensate us for depository services, either through earnings credits computed on their demand deposit balances, or via explicit payments we recognized as deposit service charges income. Earnings credits are calculated using client average daily deposit balances, less a reserve requirement and a discounted U.S. Treasury bill interest rate. Clients received lower earnings credits in the first quarter of 2003 as compared with the first quarter of 2002 due to lower average client deposit balances and lower market interest rates. As such, our clients had fewer credits to offset explicit deposit service charges. Thus, we earned higher explicit deposit service charges in the three months ended March 31, 2003, as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2002.
Income from disposition of client warrants totaled $2.0 million in the first quarter of 2003, an increase of $1.8 million, or 1,457.1%, from the $0.1 million in the first quarter of 2002. We have historically obtained rights to acquire stock, in the form of warrants, in certain clients, primarily as part of negotiated credit facilities. The receipt of warrants does not change the loan pricing, covenants or other collateral control techniques we employ to mitigate the risk of a loan becoming nonperforming. The collateral requirements on loans with warrants are similar to lending arrangements where warrants are not obtained. The timing and amount of income from the disposition of client warrants typically depends upon factors beyond our control, including the general condition of the public equity markets as well as the merger and acquisition environment. We therefore cannot predict the timing and amount of warrant related income with any degree of accuracy and it is likely to vary materially from period to period.
40
Investment losses totaled $4.7 million in the first quarter of 2003, an increase of $2.1 million, or 81.2%, as compared to the first quarter of 2002. This increase was primarily related to the write-down of certain venture capital fund and direct equity investments. Excluding the impact of minority interest, the net write-downs of our equity securities totaled $1.7 million in the first quarter of 2003 compared to $1.3 million in the first quarter of 2002. The increase in investment losses primarily related to our share of losses recorded by venture capital funds in which we invested either directly or through our managed funds. During the first quarter of 2003, venture capital funds recorded write-downs in connection with year-end procedures and we recorded our share of those write-downs. We expect future equity write-downs to be of a smaller magnitude than those we experienced in the 2003 first quarter.
Other noninterest income largely consists of service-based fee income, which increased $1.6 million, or 89.5%, to $3.3 million in the first quarter of 2003 from $1.8 million in the first quarter of 2002. The increase in other noninterest income was primarily due to an increase in merchant and corporate card fees.
Noninterest Expense
Noninterest expense in the first quarter of 2003 totaled $50.1 million, a $6.8 million, or 15.7%, increase from the $43.3 million incurred in the 2002 first quarter. The following table presents the detail of noninterest expense:
41
|
|
Three Months Ended March 31, |
|
||||
(Dollars in thousands) |
|
2003 |
|
2002 |
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Compensation and benefits |
|
$ |
31,432 |
|
$ |
24,928 |
|
Net occupancy |
|
4,402 |
|
4,518 |
|
||
Professional services |
|
3,439 |
|
3,036 |
|
||
Furniture and equipment |
|
2,194 |
|
2,096 |
|
||
Business development and travel |
|
1,616 |
|
2,123 |
|
||
Correspondent bank fees |
|
1,040 |
|
707 |
|
||
Telephone |
|
778 |
|
901 |
|
||
Tax credit funds amortization |
|
715 |
|
449 |
|
||
Postage and supplies |
|
584 |
|
783 |
|
||
Trust preferred securities distributions |
|
281 |
|
825 |
|
||
Other |
|
3,627 |
|
2,952 |
|
||
Total noninterest expense |
|
$ |
50,108 |
|
$ |
43,318 |
|
Compensation and benefits expenses totaled $31.4 million in the first quarter of 2003, a $6.5 million, or 26.1%, increase from the $24.9 million incurred in the first quarter of 2002. Compensation and benefits expenses increased in the first quarter of 2003 over the 2002 first quarter due to the following factors: incentive compensation accruals increased by $3.9 million, salaries increased by $2.2 million primarily due to severance related costs, and average full-time equivalent (FTE) personnel we employed increased. FTE personnel was 985 at March 31, 2003, compared with 979 at March 31, 2002. We are continuing with a strategic alignment of our business activities to control the number of FTE personnel we employ.
Professional services expenses, which consist of costs associated with corporate legal services, litigation settlements, accounting and auditing services, consulting, and our board of directors, totaled $3.4 million in the first quarter of 2003, a $0.4 million, or 13.3% increase from the $3.0 million incurred in the first quarter of 2002. The increase was due to a variety of professional services, and was not largely attributable to any particular business initiative.
Business development and travel expenses totaled $1.6 million in the first quarter of 2003, a decrease of $0.5 million, or 23.9%, compared to $2.1 million in the first quarter of 2002. These decreases in business development and travel expenses were largely attributable to our efforts to control noninterest expense.
Correspondent bank fees totaled $1.0 million in the first quarter of 2003, an increase of $0.3 million, or 47.1%, compared to $0.7 million in the first quarter of 2002. Many of our correspondent banks provide earnings credits to offset the bank fees we incur when using their services. Earnings credits are generally calculated using average daily deposit balances, less a reserve requirement and a short-term market interest rate. We received lower earnings credits in the first quarter of 2003 as compared with the first quarter of 2002, due to lower market interest rates and our maintaining lower average balances with our correspondent banks. As a result, we had fewer earnings credits to offset bank fees we incurred. Thus, we incurred higher
42
recognizable bank fees in the first quarter of 2003 as compared with the first quarter of 2002. Our management made the decision to lower the average balances with correspondent banks because our investment alternatives yielded a higher return than our earning credit rate.
Trust preferred securities distributions totaled $0.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2003, a decrease of $0.5 million, or 65.9%, compared to $0.8 million in the comparable 2002 period. The trust preferred securities, with an aggregate par value of $40.0 million, pay a fixed rate quarterly distribution of 8.25% and have a maximum maturity of 30 years. On June 3, 2002, we entered into a derivative agreement with a notional amount of $40.0 million. The agreement hedges against the risk of changes in fair value associated with our $40.0 million, fixed rate, Trust Preferred Securities. The terms of the agreement provide for quarterly receipt of 8.25% fixed-rate and payment of London Inter-Bank Offer Rate (LIBOR) plus a spread, based on the $40.0 million notional amount. The derivative agreement provided a $0.5 million decrease in trust preferred security distribution expense for the three months ended March 31, 2003. The counterparty to the derivative agreement has the option to cancel the agreement in June 2003. Should the derivative agreement be cancelled, we will evaluate whether additional hedging is warranted. There is no assurance that a similar hedging opportunity will become available at that time.
Tax credit fund amortization expense totaled $0.7 million in the first quarter of 2003, an increase of $0.3 million or 59.2%, compared with $0.4 million in the first quarter of 2002. This increase was due to an increase in tax credit fund investments made by us between the 2002 first quarter and the 2003 first quarter.
Other noninterest expense totaled $3.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2003, an increase of $0.4 million, or 14.1%, compared to $3.0 million for the respective 2002 period. The difference in other noninterest expense between the first quarter of 2003 as compared with the first quarter of 2002 was primarily due to a $0.6 million increase in non-recurring miscellaneous expenses.
Minority Interest
Minority interest primarily relating to our managed funds, SVB Strategic Investors Fund, L.P. and Silicon Valley BancVentures, L.P. totaled $3.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2003, an increase of $1.6 million or 89.1%, compared to $1.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2002. Investment losses related to these managed funds are included in noninterest income. Minority interest primarily represents investment losses attributable to the minority interest holders in these managed funds.
Income Taxes
Our effective tax rate was 32.4% for the three months ended March 31, 2003, compared with 36.4% for the three months ended March 31, 2002, respectively. The change in rate was primarily due to an increase in items giving rise to permanent tax benefits. In August 2002, we implemented a real estate investment trust (REIT), which provided $0.5 million in tax benefits during the first quarter of 2003.
Operating Segment Results
Commercial banking income before income tax expense decreased $4.9 million to a total of $13.3 million in the first quarter of 2003, compared to $18.3 million in the first quarter of 2002.
43
This decrease was primarily attributable to a decline in net interest income of $0.8 million and a decline in noninterest income of $1.3 million, and an increase of $3.3 million in noninterest expense. The same factors that impacted consolidated net interest income and noninterest expense had similar effects on the commercial bank. The provision for loan losses decreased by $0.5 million. Unlike accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, our segment reporting includes actual net charge-offs in favor of provision expense in determining the commercial banks financial performance. The decrease in provision for loan losses of $0.5 million is representative of lower net charge-offs in the first quarter of 2003 compared to the 2002 first quarter. Noninterest income decreased primarily from a decline in client investment fees. Contributing factors included a decrease of approximately $800 million in private label client investment and sweep product balances under management and a continued migration of the client investment mix towards less profitable products.
Merchant banking pretax income increased by $1.0 million to $1.1 million in the 2003 first quarter, from $0.1 million in the 2002 first quarter. Merchant banking net interest income was affected by the same factors that impacted consolidated results. However, a $35.0 million, or 64%, increase in average merchant banking loan balances between the 2003 first quarter and 2002 first quarter more than offset the adverse market interest rate environment. The combination of these factors resulted in a $0.6 million, or 21%, increase in net interest income. Noninterest income increased $1.4 million from $0.1 million in the 2002 first quarter to $1.5 million in the first quarter of 2003. Compared to the 2002 first quarter, an increased of $1.8 million in warrant income was partially offset by an increase of $0.5 million in net securities losses. Noninterest expense increased between the first quarter of 2002 and the first quarter of 2003, consistent with the consolidated entity.
The Other column includes the remaining segments, Investment Banking, Private Banking, Other Business Services and includes all other activities not allocated to clients. Our segment reporting is based on client data and is under continuous refinement. As a result this column will be subject to large variations from period to period as our management reporting process evolves. The $0.8 million decrease in net interest income and $2.5 million increase in noninterest expense are consistent with the factors and influences on the consolidated entity as discussed in the earnings summary. The $0.4 million increase in noninterest income is primarily attributable to fees generated by Woodside Asset Management not present in the first quarter of 2002; and an increase of $1.2 million in fee income from Alliant Partners.
Financial Condition
Our total assets were $4.0 billion at March 31, 2003, a decrease of $195.1 million, or 4.7%, compared to $4.2 billion at December 31, 2002. We experienced a shift in the composition of our assets as reflected by a decrease in cash and due from banks of $94.1 million and a decrease in investment securities of $244.1 million. The aforementioned decreases were partially offset by a $150.5 million increase in federal funds sold and securities purchased under agreement to resell.
44
Federal Funds Sold and Securities Purchased Under Agreement to Resell
Federal funds sold and securities purchased under agreement to resell totaled $353.2 million at March 31, 2003, an increase of $150.5 million, or 74.3%, compared to the $202.7 million outstanding at December 31, 2002. In the first quarter of 2003, yields on federal funds sold and securities purchased under agreement to resell became more attractive than yields on money market mutual funds. Therefore, we shifted funds from money market mutual funds, which were included in our investment securities portfolio, to federal funds sold and securities purchased under agreement to resell in the 2003 first quarter.
Investment Securities
Investment securities totaled $1.3 billion at March 31, 2003, a decrease of $244.1 million, or 15.9%, from December 31, 2002. The decrease was due to the aforementioned decline in money market mutual funds of $278.6 million and a decline in obligations of state and political subdivisions of $50.0 million. These declines were partially offset by increases in mortgage-backed securities of $52.3 million and commercial paper of $44.2 million.
Based on March 31, 2003 market valuations, we had potential pre-tax warrant gains totaling $0.1 million related to 10 companies. We are restricted from exercising many of these warrants until later in 2003. As of March 31, 2003, we held 1,859 warrants in 1,379 companies, and had made investments in 244 venture capital funds, and direct equity investments in 22 companies, many of which are private. Additionally, we have made investments in 20 venture capital funds through our fund of funds, SVB Strategic Investors Fund, L.P., and made direct equity investments in 25 companies through our venture capital fund, Silicon Valley BancVentures, L.P. See Part 1. Financial Information Item 2. Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations Critical Accounting Policies. Additionally, we are typically contractually precluded from taking steps to secure the current unrealized gains associated with many of these equity instruments. Hence, the amount of income we realize from these equity instruments in future periods may vary materially from the current unrealized amount due to fluctuations in the market prices of the underlying common stock of these companies.
Loans
Loans, net of unearned income, at March 31, 2003, totaled $2.1 billion, relatively unchanged from the balance at December 31, 2002. We continue to increase the number of client lending relationships in most of our technology, life science, and wine practices. New loans continue to be subject to our sound underwriting practices.
Credit Quality and the Allowance for Loan Losses
For a description of the accounting policies related to the allowance for loan losses, see Part 1. Financial Information Item 2. Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations Critical Accounting Policies.
The allowance for loan losses totaled $70.0 million at March 31, 2003, a decrease of $0.5 million, or 0.7% compared to $70.5 million at December 31, 2002.
We incurred $8.7 million in gross loan charge-offs during the first quarter of 2003. We realized $4.8 million in gross loan loss recoveries during the first quarter of 2003. Gross loan charge-offs
45
for the 2003 first quarter included four commercial credits totaling $5.7 million from our software, life science, and wine practices. Our loan loss recoveries in the 2003 first quarter primarily related to five loans totaling $4.2 million.
Nonperforming assets consist of well-secured loans that are past due 90 days or more but are still accruing interest and loans on nonaccrual status. The table below sets forth certain relationships between nonperforming assets and the allowance for loan losses:
(Dollars in thousands) |
|
March 31, |
|
December
31, |
|
||
Nonperforming assets: |
|
|
|
|
|
||
Nonaccrual loans |
|
$ |
19,124 |
|
$ |
20,411 |
|
Total nonperforming assets |
|
$ |
19,124 |
|
$ |
20,411 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Nonperforming loans as a percentage of total gross loans |
|
0.9 |
% |
1.0 |
% |
||
Nonperforming assets as a percentage of total assets |
|
0.5 |
% |
0.5 |
% |
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Allowance for loan losses: |
|
$ |
70,000 |
|
$ |
70,500 |
|
As a percentage of total gross loans |
|
3.4 |
% |
3.4 |
% |
||
As a percentage of nonaccrual loans |
|
366.0 |
% |
345.4 |
% |
||
As a percentage of nonperforming loans |
|
366.0 |
% |
345.4 |
% |
Nonperforming loans totaled $19.1 million, or 0.9% of total gross loans, at March 31, 2003, a decrease of $1.3 million, or 6.3%, from the December 31, 2002 total of $20.4 million, or 1.0% of total gross loans. The decrease in non-performing loans reflects our strong credit quality at March 31, 2003.
In addition to the loans disclosed in the foregoing analysis, we have identified three loans totaling $16.4 million, that, on the basis of information known to us, were judged to have a higher than normal risk of becoming nonperforming. We are not aware of any other loans where known information about possible problems of the borrower casts serious doubts about the ability of the borrower to comply with the loan repayment terms.
Deposits
Total deposits were $3.3 billion at March 31, 2003, a decrease of $185.0 million, or 5.4%, from $3.4 billion at December 31, 2002. A significant portion of the decrease in deposits during the first three months of 2003 was concentrated in our noninterest-bearing demand deposits and money market deposits, which decreased $122.2 million and $41.1 million, respectively. This overall decrease was explained by a slowdown in the capital markets and venture capital fundings which has reduced our clients liquidity levels.
Stock Option Program
Our stock option program is a broad-based, long-term retention program that is intended to attract and retain talented employees and align stockholder and employee interests. We consider our option program critical to our operations and productivity. Our 1997 Equity Incentive Plan provides for the granting of incentive stock options to employees and nonstatutory stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock purchase awards and stock bonuses (collectively stock awards) to employees, directors and consultants. These grants entitle qualified parties to purchase shares of our common stock, through incentive stock options at a price not less than
46
100% and nonstatutory stock options at a price not less than 85%, in lieu of compensation, of the fair market value of the common stock on the date the option is granted. Options may vest over various periods not in excess of five years from the date of grant and expire five to ten years from the date of grant.
Decisions regarding compensation of our executive officers, including those related to stock and stock options, are considered by our full board of directors, based upon the recommendations and analysis performed by the Compensation Committee, currently composed of members from our board of directors. All members of the Compensation Committee are independent directors, as defined in the applicable rules for issuers traded on the Nasdaq Stock Market. See the Report of the Compensation and Benefits Subcommittee of the Executive Committee of the Board on Executive Compensation included in our proxy statement dated March 5, 2003, for further information concerning our policies and procedures regarding the use of stock options.
The following table describes the employee and executive option grants.
|
|
Three
months ended |
|
Years
Ended |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net (forfeitures) grants during the period as a % of outstanding shares |
|
(0.4 |
)% |
2.8 |
% |
Grants to listed officers* during the period as a % of total options granted |
|
0 |
% |
9.3 |
% |
Grants to listed officers* during the period as % of outstanding shares |
|
0 |
% |
0.5 |
% |
Cumulative outstanding options held by listed officers* as % of total options outstanding |
|
10.1 |
% |
9.8 |
% |
* See section Executive Options for listed officers, who are the five highest compensated members of our executive management team, as identified in the companys proxy statement filed with the Securities & Exchange Commission on March 5, 2003.
During the first three months of 2003, 100% of the options we granted went to employees other than the top five officers. During the first three months of 2003, we granted 89,900 options, 61,898 options were exercised and 193,305 options were forfeited resulting in a net decrease of 165,303 in the number of options outstanding. The net decrease in options after exercises and forfeitures represented 0.4% of our total outstanding shares of 38,874,487 as of March 31, 2003.
For the first three months of this year, no options were granted to the five most highly compensated executive officers, 100% of the grants made were to employees. Options granted to these executive officers will vary from quarter to quarter.
The following table is a summary of option activity as of March 31, 2003.
|
|
Options Outstanding |
|
|||
|
|
Number of |
|
Average |
|
|
Outstanding at December 31, 2002 |
|
6,234,638 |
|
$ |
22.63 |
|
Granted |
|
89,900 |
|
17.76 |
|
|
Exercised |
|
(61,898 |
) |
8.94 |
|
|
Forfeited |
|
(193,305 |
) |
27.16 |
|
|
Expired |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Outstanding at March 31, 2003 |
|
6,069,335 |
|
$ |
22.40 |
|
47
The following table is a summary of options available for future grant as of March 31, 2003.
|
|
Shares
Available |
|
Average Price |
|
|
Available at December 31, 2002 |
|
1,035,725 |
|
|
|
|
Options and Awards Granted |
|
(201,149 |
) |
$ |
17.38 |
|
Options Exercised |
|
61,898 |
|
8.94 |
|
|
Options and Awards Forfeited |
|
196,389 |
|
$ |
26.81 |
|
Options and Awards Expired |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Additional shares reserved |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Available at March 31, 2003 |
|
1,030,965 |
|
|
|
The following table describes the in-the-money and out-of-the-money option information as of March 31, 2003.
|
|
Exercisable |
|
Unexercisable |
|
Total |
|
|||||||||
(Shares in millions) |
|
Shares |
|
Average |
|
Shares |
|
Average |
|
Shares |
|
Average |
|
|||
In-the-Money |
|
1,369,250 |
|
$ |
10.91 |
|
721,209 |
|
$ |
16.68 |
|
2,090,459 |
|
$ |
12.90 |
|
Out-of-the-Money (1) |
|
1,147,896 |
|
27.81 |
|
2,830,980 |
|
27.23 |
|
3,978,876 |
|
27.40 |
|
|||
Total Options Outstanding |
|
2,517,146 |
|
18.62 |
|
3,552,189 |
|
25.08 |
|
6,069,335 |
|
22.40 |
|
|||
(1) Out of money options are those options with an exercise price equal to or above the closing price of $18.19 on March 31, 2003.
For additional information about our stock option plan for years 2000 through 2002, and the pro-forma earnings presentation as if we had expensed our stock options grants using the fair value method of accounting, please refer to our 2002 Annual Report to Stockholders on Form 10-K filed March 5, 2003 and Part 1. Financial Information Item 1. Notes to the interim Consolidated Financial Statements Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements Summary of Significant Accounting Policies of this Form 10-Q.
Market Information
The following table shows the high and low sales prices for our common stock for each quarterly period during the last two years, based on the daily closing price as reported by the Nasdaq National Market.
|
|
2003 |
|
2002 |
|
||||||||
Quarter |
|
Low |
|
High |
|
Low |
|
High |
|
||||
First |
|
$ |
15.75 |
|
$ |
19.07 |
|
$ |
21.17 |
|
$ |
31.25 |
|
48
Executive Options:
The following table describes the options exercised during the first three months of 2003, and the remaining holdings of listed officers as of March 31, 2003.
Name |
|
Shares |
|
Value |
|
Number of
Securities |
|
Values of
Unexercised In- |
|
||||||
Exercisable |
|
Unexercisable |
|
Exercisable |
|
Unexercisable |
|
||||||||
Lauren Friedman |
|
|
|
|
|
10,000 |
|
52,500 |
|
|
|
$ |
11,200 |
|
|
Harry W. Kellogg, Jr. |
|
|
|
|
|
106,250 |
|
66,250 |
|
$ |
873,960 |
|
$ |
16,800 |
|
James L. Kochman |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Marc J. Verissimo |
|
|
|
|
|
53,825 |
|
59,375 |
|
$ |
272,682 |
|
$ |
16,800 |
|
Kenneth P. Wilcox |
|
|
|
|
|
132,500 |
|
132,500 |
|
$ |
1,072,760 |
|
$ |
33,600 |
|
(1) The dollar value of options does not represent actual realizable value to the optionee, but was computed by multiplying the number of shares by the closing market price of our common stock at March 31, 2003, less the number of shares times the closing market price of our common stock on the date grants were approved by our Board of Directors. Market prices used were those quoted in the National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotation/National Market.
Equity Compensation Plan Information:
Plan category |
|
Number of securities to be |
|
Average exercise price of |
|
Number of securities remaining available for |
|
|
Equity compensation plans approved by shareholders |
|
6,069,335 |
|
$ |
22.40 |
|
1,030,965 |
|
Equity compensation plans not approved by shareholders |
|
n/a |
|
n/a |
|
n/a |
|
|
TOTAL |
|
6,069,335 |
|
|
|
1,030,965 |
|
|
Capital Resources
Our management seeks to maintain adequate capital to support anticipated asset growth and credit risks, and to ensure that Silicon and Silicon Valley Bank are in compliance with all regulatory capital guidelines. Our primary sources of new capital include the issuance of trust preferred securities and common stock, as well as retained earnings.
We repurchased 1.9 million shares of common stock totaling $32.5 million during the first quarter of 2003, in conjunction with the $100.0 million share repurchase program authorized by the Board of Directors on September 16, 2002.