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As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 29, 2003

Registration No. 333-            



UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549


FORM S-3
REGISTRATION STATEMENT
Under
the Securities Act of 1933


THE NAVIGATORS GROUP, INC.
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)

Delaware
(State or other jurisdiction
of incorporation or organization)
  13-3138397
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

One Penn Plaza, New York, New York 10119
(212) 244-2333
(Address, including zip code, and telephone number,
including area code, of registrant's principal executive offices)

Bradley D. Wiley
Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Corporate Secretary
The Navigators Group, Inc.
Reckson Executive Park, 6 International Drive
Rye Brook, New York 10573
(914) 934-8999
(Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number,
including area code, of agent for service)

Copies to:

William S. Lamb, Esq.
Sheri E. Bloomberg, Esq.
LeBoeuf, Lamb, Greene & MacRae, L.L.P.
125 West 55th Street
New York, New York 10019
Telephone: (212) 424-8000
Facsimile: (212) 424-8500
  Jonathan L. Freedman, Esq.
Dewey Ballantine LLP
1301 Avenue of the Americas
New York, New York 10019
Telephone: (212) 259-8000
Facsimile: (212) 259-6333

        Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public: As soon as practicable after the effective date of this Registration Statement.

        If the only securities being registered on this Form are being offered pursuant to dividend or interest reinvestment plans, please check the following box. o

        If any of the securities being registered on this form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, other than securities offered only in connection with dividend or interest reinvestment plans, check the following box. o

        If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. o

        If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. o

        If delivery of the prospectus is expected to be made pursuant to Rule 434, check the following box. o

CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE


Title of each class of
securities to be registered

  Amount to
be registered(1)

  Proposed maximum
aggregate
offering price(2)

  Amount of
registration fee


Common stock, par value $0.10 per share   4,427,500   $146,196,050   $13,011

(1)
Includes 577,500 shares subject to the exercise of the underwriters' over-allotment option.

(2)
Calculated in accordance with Rule 457(c) under the Securities Act of 1933, based on $33.02, the average of the high and low prices of the common stock on the Nasdaq Stock Market's National Market on August 27, 2003.


        The Registrant hereby amends this Registration Statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the Registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this Registration Statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 or until the Registration Statement shall become effective on such date as the Securities and Exchange Commission, acting pursuant to Section 8(a), may determine.




The information in this prospectus is not complete and may be changed. We may not sell these securities until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and it is not soliciting offers to buy these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.

SUBJECT TO COMPLETION, DATED AUGUST 29, 2003

3,850,000 Shares

LOGO

Common Stock


        We are selling 3,400,000 shares of common stock and the selling stockholders are selling 450,000 shares of common stock. We will not receive any of the proceeds from the shares of common stock sold by the selling stockholders.

        Our common stock is listed on The Nasdaq National Market under the symbol "NAVG." The last sale price on August 27, 2003 was $33.29 per share.

        The underwriters have an option to purchase from us and the selling stockholders up to 577,500 additional shares to cover over-allotments of shares. The selling stockholders have the first right to provide all or any portion of the additional shares. If the selling stockholders elect to provide only a portion of the additional shares in the over-allotment, the remainder of the additional shares to be purchased by the underwriters will be purchased from us. If the selling stockholders choose not to participate, all of the over-allotment shares purchased by the underwriters will be purchased from us.

        Investing in our common stock involves risks. See "Risk Factors" on page 9.

 
  Price to Public
  Underwriting Discounts and Commissions
  Proceeds to
The Navigators
Group, Inc.

  Proceeds to Selling Stockholders
Per Share   $                 $                 $                 $              
Total   $                 $                 $                 $              

        Delivery of the shares of common stock will be made on or about    , 2003.

        Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

  Credit Suisse First Boston   Friedman Billings Ramsey        
  Keefe, Bruyette & Woods, Inc.  

 

Sandler O'Neill & Partners, L.P.

 

 

Cochran, Caronia & Co.

 

The date of this prospectus is    , 2003.




TABLE OF CONTENTS

NOTE ON FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS   1
PROSPECTUS SUMMARY   2
THE OFFERING   7
SUMMARY FINANCIAL INFORMATION   8
RISK FACTORS   9
USE OF PROCEEDS   16
CAPITALIZATION   16
SELECTED FINANCIAL INFORMATION   17
MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS   18
BUSINESS   37
MANAGEMENT   55
EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION   58
PRINCIPAL STOCKHOLDERS   61
SELLING STOCKHOLDERS   63
DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK   64
SHARES OF COMMON STOCK PRICE RANGE AND DIVIDENDS   67
UNDERWRITING   68
NOTICE TO CANADIAN RESIDENTS   71
VALIDITY OF THE COMMON STOCK   72
EXPERTS   72
WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION ABOUT US   72
INCORPORATION OF INFORMATION THAT WE FILE WITH THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION   72
INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS   F-1

        You should rely only on the information contained in this document or to which we have referred you. We have not authorized anyone to provide you with information that is different. This document may only be used where it is legal to sell these securities. The information in this document may only be accurate on the date of this document.



NOTE ON FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

        Some of the statements in this prospectus are "forward-looking statements" as defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements are derived from information that we currently have and assumptions that we make. We cannot assure that anticipated results will be achieved, since results may differ materially because of both known and unknown risks and uncertainties which we face. We undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. Factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from our forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, the factors discussed in the "Risk Factors" section of this prospectus as well as:

        In light of these risks, uncertainties and assumptions, the forward-looking events discussed in this prospectus might not occur. You are cautioned not to place undue reliance on any forward-looking statements, which speak only as of their respective dates.

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PROSPECTUS SUMMARY

        This summary highlights information about us and the offering. Because this is a summary, it may not contain all the information that you should consider before investing in our common stock. You should carefully read this entire prospectus, especially the "Risk Factors" section beginning on page 9 of this prospectus, the consolidated financial statements and notes to those statements and the documents incorporated by reference in this prospectus, before deciding to invest in our common stock. When we use the terms "we," "us," "our," or "the Company," we are referring to The Navigators Group, Inc. and its subsidiaries, unless the context otherwise requires. Unless otherwise indicated, all information in this prospectus assumes no exercise of either the underwriters' over-allotment option or of any outstanding options to purchase shares of our common stock.

Our Business

        We are an international insurance holding company focusing on specialty products for niches within the overall property/casualty insurance market. Our largest product line and most long-standing area of specialization is ocean marine insurance. We have also developed specialty niches in general liability and professional liability insurance. We base our strategy of developing specialty niches of business on the presence of what we perceive to be market opportunities for insurance products, our access to appropriately experienced personnel to manage a particular niche business and our estimation of the likelihood of that niche business producing profitable results. We believe that our focused market expertise and experience, together with our history of disciplined underwriting and prudent capital management, differentiate us from our competitors and provide us with the opportunity to achieve strong operating earnings growth. For the year ended December 31, 2002 and the six months ended June 30, 2003, our net earned premium was $226.3 million and $131.6 million, respectively. For the same periods, our net income was $16.4 million, or $1.89 per diluted share, and $11.1 million, or $1.27 per diluted share, respectively. At June 30, 2003 we had total stockholders' equity of $187.1 million.

        We conduct our insurance operations through five wholly owned underwriting agencies, which we refer to in this prospectus as the Navigators Agencies and which underwrite on behalf of two wholly owned insurance companies (Navigators Insurance Company and NIC Insurance Company) as well as four other unaffiliated insurers that participate in Navigators' marine business. In addition to business that we underwrite in our insurance company subsidiaries, we also participate in the Lloyd's of London market, primarily through our ownership of Navigators Underwriting Agency, Ltd. (NUAL) which manages the Lloyd's Syndicate 1221.

        We believe that we are one of the largest marine insurers in the world, based on gross written premium. Our marine insurance business, which represented approximately 66% of our gross written premiums for the year ended December 31, 2002 and approximately 67% of our gross written premiums for the six months ended June 30, 2003, consists primarily of marine liability, offshore energy, bluewater hull (which provides protection for ocean-going vessels) and cargo coverages. Our marine insurance business is conducted both through our insurance company subsidiaries and through our Lloyd's operations.

        Navigators Insurance Company obtains marine business through participation with four other unaffiliated insurers in a marine insurance pool managed by the Navigators Agencies. Navigators Insurance Company has participated in this marine insurance pool since 1983, when the company was formed. For each year in the three-year period ended December 31, 2002, Navigators Insurance Company had a 75% participation in the pool for business written with effective dates during that year. Navigators Insurance Company currently has a 70% participation in the marine pool for 2003. Pending regulatory approval by the New York Insurance Department of a commutation agreement with one of

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the pool members, Navigators Insurance Company expects to increase its 2003 participation in the pool to 80%.

        We participate in the marine and related insurance lines of the Lloyd's market through NUAL, which manages Lloyd's Syndicate 1221. The majority of Lloyd's Syndicate 1221's capacity is provided by Millennium Underwriting Ltd. and Navigators Corporate Underwriters Ltd., which are wholly owned subsidiaries of NUAL. We provide 97.4% and provided 68.1% of Syndicate 1221's capacity for the 2003 and 2002 underwriting years, respectively. In 2003, we are providing a larger percentage of the gross capacity and are reinsuring 15.4% of Syndicate 1221's capacity through the utilization of quota share reinsurance agreements with third parties who provide letters of credit used as collateral at Lloyd's.

        Navigators Specialty, a division of one of the Navigators Agencies which was acquired in 1999, underwrites general liability insurance focusing on small general and artisan contractors and other targeted commercial risks, mostly in California. We have developed underwriting and claims expertise in this niche which we believe has allowed us to minimize our exposure to many of the large losses sustained in the past several years by other insurers, including losses stemming from coverages provided to larger contractors who work on condominiums, cooperative developments and other large housing developments. Many former competitors that lacked the expertise to selectively underwrite in this niche have been forced to withdraw from the market in the past several years. As a result, demand for our product has increased and we have been able to selectively expand our underwriting in this area. Our general liability business represented approximately 26% of our gross written premium for the year ended December 31, 2002 and approximately 20% for the six months ended June 30, 2003.

        We commenced underwriting professional liability insurance in the fourth quarter of 2001 after attracting a team of experienced professionals. We believe that a compelling market opportunity exists in this business line because of the numerous, high-profile financial and accounting scandals over the past several years that have resulted in earnings restatements and diminished shareholder values. Numerous class action lawsuits have ensued which allege mismanagement by directors and officers and further directly blame them for large losses in stockholder value. Our principal product in this business is directors and officers liability insurance, which we offer primarily for both privately held and small to mid-size publicly traded corporations. In addition, we provide fiduciary liability and crime insurance to our directors and officers liability clients. In 2002, we began offering employment practices liability, lawyers professional liability and miscellaneous other professional liability coverages. Our professional liability business is underwritten through Navigators Pro, a division of one of the Navigators Agencies. Our professional liability business represented approximately 5% of our gross written premium for the year ended December 31, 2002 and approximately 8% for the six months ended June 30, 2003.

        In 2002, we introduced three additional product lines in response to our estimation of opportunities in the market: surety, personal umbrella and commercial automobile insurance.

        Our insurance company subsidiaries are rated "A" (Excellent) by A.M. Best Company and "A" (Strong) by Standard & Poor's.

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Written Premium Distribution

        Two of our business segments, the insurance company segment and the Lloyd's operations segment, generate written premium. The following table shows our gross written premium by segment and line of business within the segment, and ceded and net written premium by segment, for the period ended June 30, 2003 and for each year in the three-year period ended December 31, 2002.

 
  Six Months
Ended June 30,

  Year Ended December 31,
 
 
  2003
  2002
  2001
  2000
 
 
  ($ in thousands)

 
Insurance Companies:                          
  Marine   $ 103,440   $ 178,326   $ 108,228   $ 81,664  
  General liability     62,826     115,626     55,135     28,360  
  Professional liability     25,558     23,430     694      
  Surety     788     58          
  Other     823     4,699     4,838     844  
   
 
 
 
 
    Gross written premium     193,435     322,139     168,895     110,868  
    Ceded written premium     (105,753 )   (138,707 )   (74,461 )   (59,075 )
   
 
 
 
 
    Net written premium     87,682     183,432     94,434     51,793  
   
 
 
 
 

Lloyd's Operations:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
  Marine     106,465     116,231     105,212     76,101  
  Engineering and construction     8,485     5,477     2,517     936  
  Onshore energy     7,509     3,991     1,570     520  
   
 
 
 
 
    Gross written premium     122,459     125,699     109,299     77,557  
    Ceded written premium     (57,477 )   (38,352 )   (31,198 )   (21,257 )
   
 
 
 
 
    Net written premium     64,982     87,347     78,101     56,300  
   
 
 
 
 
    Total gross written premium     315,894     447,838     278,194     188,425  
    Total ceded written premium     (163,230 )   (177,059 )   (105,659 )   (80,332 )
   
 
 
 
 
    Total net written premium   $ 152,664   $ 270,779   $ 172,535   $ 108,093  
   
 
 
 
 

Our Strategy

        Maintain Our Commitment to Underwriting Profit.    We have consistently emphasized underwriting profit as our primary goal. This is supported by our corporate culture and senior management as well as our compensation structure. Our Founder and Chairman, our Chief Executive Officer and the senior executives managing each of our business units have spent their careers in underwriting and underwriting management roles. Our compensation structure includes incentive bonuses for the technical specialists in each of our lines of business that are based on our profitability, not premium growth. We believe these factors cause our entire professional staff to focus on achieving profitable underwriting results. Our assessment of the potential to grow underwriting profit is the dominant factor in deciding whether or not to expand our business or enter a new niche, product or territory or, conversely, to contract our capacity in any business line.

        Build on Specialized Expertise.    Our specialized underwriting expertise is the foundation upon which we intend to grow our business. We intend to continue to focus on a limited number of specialty niches in which we are able to attract and develop individuals or teams of professionals with demonstrated underwriting expertise and track records of profitable underwriting in their specific areas of expertise. Specialization is essential to the operation of our ocean marine insurance business. For

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example, in our Lloyd's operations, there are specific "class" underwriters dedicated to individual ocean marine product lines such as cargo, bluewater hull, offshore energy, onshore energy and marine liability insurance. We have established additional business units in other specialty niches, including professional liability, surety, and contractors general liability, where we believe our underwriting and claims expertise is a competitive advantage, not only in attracting business, but also in generating increased underwriting profit. We believe that we have the opportunity to grow profitably within our existing specialty niches and to selectively develop other specialty niches. Because our expansion strategy is influenced by our commitment to generating an underwriting profit, we assess market conditions on an ongoing basis to selectively seek out opportunities to expand our business as well as to reduce our capacity in product lines that we believe no longer afford acceptable returns.

        Continue to Balance our Portfolio of Risks through Geographic and Product Diversification.    Within the niches we have targeted, we also seek to balance our portfolio of risks through an appropriate spread of risks in geographic markets and product lines where we believe we have the ability to realize an underwriting profit and take advantage of our technical expertise. For example, our general liability business has historically been concentrated in small California domiciled contractors. With the opening of our Midwest office in 2002, we entered the Illinois, Wisconsin and Minnesota markets, and added commercial multi-peril and commercial automobile products to our business in that territory. Similarly, while the initial focus of Navigators Pro was to offer directors and officers liability, Navigators Pro now also offers lawyers professional liability, employment practices liability and other professional liability products. We believe that the addition of these products and expansion into new geographic markets or territories help diversify our business mix and mitigate our exposure to risks in any one product or geographic territory.

        Continue to Develop Intellectual Capital.    We believe that our focus on specialty niches coupled with a strong underwriting culture makes us a very attractive place to work for technical insurance underwriting and claims professionals. We have, and will continue to emphasize, continuity of staff, retention of good employees and a workplace environment that is results-oriented and values technical competence, professionalism and integrity. We believe that our culture and compensation structure, which are focused on underwriting profit and rewarding individuals with technical expertise for excelling at what they know how to do, support our ability to attract and retain top quality talent.

        Conservative Investment Philosophy.    Our philosophy is to take prudent risks in our underwriting business, but not in our investment portfolio. We maintain a conservative investment portfolio. The weighted average rating of our fixed maturity investments as of June 30, 2003 is "AA" by Standard & Poor's and "Aa" by Moody's. As of June 30, 2003, only 2.4% of our investment portfolio was invested in common stocks.

Market Outlook

        As a result of several large losses in the second quarter of 2001, the marine insurance market began to experience diminished capacity and rate increases, initially in the offshore energy line of business. As conditions in the overall property/casualty insurance market have hardened since the third quarter of 2001, including as the result of losses from the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks and increases in loss and loss reserves experienced by many major insurers as a result of reserve deficiencies from exposures such as asbestos and environmental liabilities, certain property/casualty insurers who also compete in our marine and general liability lines of business have reduced their capacity generally and in those lines specifically. We believe that this diminished capacity has contributed to continued rate increases and tightening of terms and conditions in marine insurance that will continue for the foreseeable future, albeit not as dramatically as we have seen over the past eighteen months.

        Capacity in our general liability niche market has also diminished in the past several years as many former competitors who lacked the expertise to selectively underwrite this business have been forced to

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withdraw from the market, giving the insurers who continue to offer our niche products the opportunity to tighten terms and increase rates. We expect that the opportunity for us to selectively expand this line of business will also continue for the foreseeable future.

        We believe that our decision to begin underwriting directors and officers liability insurance demonstrates our ability to identify opportunities and to take advantage of prevailing market conditions. The enactment of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, amid recent financial and accounting scandals at large, publicly traded corporations, has led to an invigorated interest in professional liability insurance generally. An increase in the frequency of class action securities-related litigation with large potential losses has resulted in substantial premium increases for the same amount of coverage and more restrictive coverage terms for directors and officers liability insurance. Market conditions in employment practices liability, lawyers professional liability and miscellaneous professional liability lines have also benefited from the directors and officers liability market conditions. These lines have experienced substantial premium increases for the same amount of coverage and more restrictive coverage terms. As a new entrant into this market in September 2001, with no historical reserves prior to 2001, we are benefiting opportunistically from the current market conditions and anticipate that they will continue for the foreseeable future.

        We expect the new businesses that we introduced in 2002 to provide opportunities for profitable growth in products and geographic markets where we believe that we have the appropriate underwriting expertise and can meet specific demands. For example, we believe there is a need for personal umbrella insurance coverage on a stand-alone basis for insureds whose primary homeowners and personal automobile coverages are placed with different insurers.

        We believe that we are well positioned to capitalize on the significant opportunities that exist in this insurance environment due to our specialty expertise and disciplined underwriting approach, and believe that our ability to implement our strategy will be enhanced by the net proceeds from this offering.

Corporate Information

        We are a Delaware corporation with our principal executive offices located at One Penn Plaza, New York, New York 10119. Our telephone number at that location is (212) 244-2333. Through Navigators Insurance Company, we are licensed to engage in the insurance and reinsurance business in 50 states, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico and Venezuela, and through NIC Insurance Company, we are licensed to engage in the insurance and reinsurance business in New York and we operate as an approved surplus lines insurer, or meet the financial requirements where there is not a formal approval process, in 41 states and the District of Columbia. Through our involvement in Lloyd's Syndicate 1221, we have the ability to participate in insurance and reinsurance business in approximately 65 jurisdictions internationally.

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THE OFFERING

Shares of common stock offered by us   3,400,000 shares

Shares of common stock offered by the selling stockholders

 

450,000 shares

Shares of common stock outstanding after this offering

 

11,937,735 shares

Shares of common stock to be held by the selling stockholders after this offering

 

542,826 shares

Shares of common stock issuable pursuant to the underwriters' over-allotment option

 

577,500 shares

Use of proceeds

 

We will use proceeds from this offering to make contributions to the capital of one or both of our insurance subsidiaries, to repay outstanding indebtedness and for other general corporate purposes.

Risk factors

 

See "Risk Factors" and other information in this prospectus for a discussion of factors you should consider before deciding to invest in our shares of common stock.

Listing

 

NASDAQ Stock Market

NASDAQ Stock Market Symbol

 

"NAVG"

        The number of our shares of common stock outstanding after this offering is based on the number of shares outstanding as of August 27, 2003. The number of shares does not include:

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SUMMARY FINANCIAL INFORMATION

        The following table sets forth summary financial information for the periods ended and as of the dates indicated. The summary data presented below under the captions "Operating Information" and "Balance Sheet Information" for, and as of the end of, each of the years in the five-year period ended December 31, 2002, are derived from our consolidated financial statements, which financial statements have been audited by KPMG LLP, independent accountants. The consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2002 and 2001, and for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2002, and the report thereon, are included elsewhere and incorporated by reference in this prospectus. The summary financial information for the six months ended and as of June 30, 2003 and 2002 presented below is derived from our unaudited consolidated financial statements. These historical results are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected from any future period. Results for the interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected for the entire year. You should read this summary financial information together with our consolidated financial statements and related notes and the section of this prospectus entitled, "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations."

 
  Six Months Ended June 30,
  Year Ended December 31,
 
 
  2003
  2002
  2002
  2001
  2000
  1999
  1998
 
 
  (In thousands, except per share and ratio data)

 
Operating Information(1):                                            
Net earned premium   $ 131,578   $ 90,772   $ 226,294   $ 150,244   $ 97,240   $ 89,442   $ 91,203  
Net investment income     9,213     9,104     18,058     19,354     18,447     15,985     15,209  
Total revenues     144,991     102,729     252,668     171,174     120,084     105,624     115,120  
Income (loss) before income taxes     14,149     9,379     22,216     5,360     10,338     (5,392 )   15,153  
Net income (loss)     11,108     7,224     16,397     3,668     7,032     (3,652 )   11,489  
Net income (loss) per share:                                            
Basic   $ 1.31   $ 0.86   $ 1.94   $ 0.44   $ 0.84   $ (0.43 ) $ 1.37  
Diluted   $ 1.27   $ 0.84   $ 1.89   $ 0.43   $ 0.84   $ (0.43 ) $ 1.36  
Average common shares:                                            
Basic     8,505     8,446     8,463     8,419     8,414     8,419     8,414  
Diluted     8,741     8,617     8,676     8,547     8,414     8,419     8,459  
Balance Sheet Information
(at end of period)(1):
                                           
Total investments & cash   $ 519,370   $ 312,433   $ 452,885   $ 333,090   $ 293,480   $ 270,169   $ 281,079  
Total assets     1,081,177     793,357     917,919     712,757     616,016     631,795     592,086  
Loss and loss adjustment expense reserves     543,390     415,082     489,642     401,177     357,674     391,094     342,444  
Notes payable     11,000     16,000     14,500     19,000     22,000     24,000     23,500  
Stockholders' equity     187,131     156,047     171,275     147,206     143,480     130,365     143,266  
Book value per share(2)   $ 21.98   $ 18.42   $ 20.18   $ 17.47   $ 17.05   $ 15.51   $ 16.96  
Combined loss & expense ratio(3)     95.9 %   98.1 %   97.5 %   103.7 %   101.1 %   111.2 %   95.7 %

(1)
Certain amounts for prior years have been reclassified to conform to the current year's presentation.

(2)
Calculated as stockholders' equity divided by actual shares outstanding as of the date indicated.

(3)
Calculated on a GAAP basis.

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RISK FACTORS

        In addition to the items listed under "Note on Forward-Looking Statements," potential investors should carefully consider the risk factors set forth below and the other information in this prospectus, and in any documents incorporated by reference in this prospectus, before making an investment decision.

Our business is concentrated in marine and general liability insurance, and if market conditions change adversely or we experience large losses in these lines, it could have a material adverse effect on our business.

        As a result of our strategy to focus on specialty products in niches where we believe that we have underwriting and claims expertise and to decline business where pricing does not afford what we consider to be acceptable returns, our business is concentrated in the marine and general liability lines. For the six months ended June 30, 2003, our marine line accounted for approximately 67% of our gross written premiums and our general liability line accounted for approximately 20% of our gross written premiums. If our results of operations from either of these two specialty lines are less favorable for any reason, including lower demand for our products on terms and conditions that we find appropriate, flat or decreased rates for our products or increased competition, the reduction could have a material adverse effect on our business.

We are exposed to cyclicality in our business that may cause material fluctuations in our results.

        The property/casualty insurance business generally, and the marine insurance business specifically, have historically been characterized by periods of intense price competition due to excess underwriting capacity as well as periods when shortages of underwriting capacity have permitted attractive premium levels. We have reduced business during periods of severe competition and price declines, such as withdrawing from the majority of our aviation business in late 1998, and grown when pricing allows an acceptable return, as with entering the professional liability business in late 2001. We expect that our business will continue to experience the effects of this cyclicality, which, over the course of time, could result in material fluctuations to our premium volume, revenues or expenses.

We may not be successful in developing our new specialty lines which could cause us to experience losses.

        Since 2001, we have entered into a number of new specialty lines of business including professional liability, surety, personal umbrella insurance and commercial automobile insurance. We continue to look for appropriate opportunities to diversify our business portfolio by offering new lines of insurance in which we believe we have sufficient underwriting and claims expertise. However, because of our limited history in these new lines, there is limited operating history and financial information available to help us estimate sufficient reserve amounts for these lines and to help you evaluate whether we will be able to successfully develop these new lines or the likely ultimate losses and expenses associated with these new lines. Due to our limited history in these lines, we may have less experience managing their development and growth than some of our competitors. Additionally, there is a risk that the lines of business into which we expand will not perform at the level we anticipate.

We may be unable to manage effectively our rapid growth in our lines of business, which may adversely affect our results.

        We have experienced substantial increases in premium in many of our lines of business over the past few years. For example, gross written premium in the general liability line increased 109.7% from 2001 to 2002 and 94.4% from 2000 to 2001 due to increased rates and underwriting more business and gross written premium in the marine line increased 32.5% and 64.8% in 2001 and 2002, respectively, due to an increase in premium rates resulting in higher premiums on new and renewal business, as well

9



as underwriting new business. In addition, since late 2001 we have been underwriting several new lines of business, including professional liability, surety, commercial automobile and personal umbrella insurance. Professional liability premium increased 232% in the six months ended June 30, 2003 compared to the same period in 2002.

        To control our growth effectively, we must successfully manage our new and existing lines of business. This process will require substantial management attention and additional financial resources. In addition, our growth is subject to, among other risks, the risk that we may experience difficulties and incur expenses related to hiring and retaining a technically proficient workforce. Accordingly, we may fail to realize the intended benefits of expanding into new specialty lines and we may fail to realize value from such lines relative to the resources that we invest in them. Any difficulties associated with expanding our current and future lines of business could adversely affect our result of operations.

We may incur additional losses if our loss reserves are insufficient.

        We maintain loss reserves to cover our estimated ultimate unpaid liability for losses and loss adjustment expenses with respect to reported and unreported claims incurred as of the end of each accounting period. Reserves do not represent an exact calculation of liability, but instead represent estimates, generally utilizing actuarial projection techniques at a given accounting date. These reserve estimates are expectations of what the ultimate settlement and administration of claims will cost based on our assessment of facts and circumstances then known, review of historical settlement patterns, estimates of trends in claims severity, frequency, legal theories of liability and other factors. Both internal and external events, including changes in claims handling procedures, economic inflation, legal trends and legislative changes, may affect the reserve estimation process. Many of these items are not directly quantifiable, particularly on a prospective basis. Additionally, there may be significant lags between the occurrence of the insured event and the time it is actually reported to the insurer. We continually refine reserve estimates in a regular ongoing process as historical loss experience develops and additional claims are reported and settled. Adjustments to reserves are reflected in the results of the periods in which the estimates are changed. Because establishment of reserves is an inherently uncertain process involving estimates, currently established reserves may not be sufficient. If estimated reserves are insufficient, we will incur additional income statement charges. We had a net cumulative redundancy in seven of the last ten years, meaning our initial net reserve estimates for each of those years have not been increased in the aggregate upon re-estimation in subsequent calendar years. We have, however, experienced a net cumulative deficiency in three of the last ten years as well as gross cumulative deficiencies in nine of the last ten years.

        Our loss reserves include amounts related to short tail and long tail classes of business. Short tail business means that claims are generally reported quickly upon occurrence of an event, making estimation of loss reserves less complex. For the long tail lines, significant periods of time, ranging up to several years or more, may elapse between the occurrence of the loss, the reporting of the loss and the settlement of the claim. The longer the time span between the incidence of a loss and the settlement of the claim, the more likely the ultimate settlement amount will vary. Our longer tail business includes general liability, including California construction defect claims, as well as a small amount of historical claims for asbestos and environmental exposures through our marine business and claims relating to our run-off businesses. Our participation on asbestos and environmental risks in our marine business is generally in the higher excess layers. As of June 30, 2003 and December 31, 2002, our net loss reserves for these asbestos and environmental exposures were $1.2 million and $1.5 million, respectively. Our professional liability business, though long tail with respect to settlement period, is produced on a claims-made basis (which means that the policy in-force at the time the claim is filed, rather than the policy in-force at the time the loss occurred, provides coverage) and is therefore less likely to result in a time lag between the occurrence of the loss and the reporting of the loss. There can

10



be no assurance, however, that we will not suffer substantial adverse prior period development in our business in the future.

We may not have access to adequate reinsurance to protect us against losses.

        We purchase reinsurance by transferring part of the risk we have assumed (known as ceding) to a reinsurance company in exchange for part of the premium we receive in connection with the risk. The availability and cost of reinsurance are subject to prevailing market conditions, both in terms of price and available capacity, which can affect our business volume and profitability. Since the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks, we have seen, and expect to continue to see, a significant tightening in the pricing and terms and conditions for reinsurance in some of our lines of business. Our reinsurance programs are generally subject to renewal on an annual basis. If we are unable to renew our expiring facilities or to obtain new reinsurance facilities, either our net exposures would increase, which could increase our costs, or, if we were unwilling to bear an increase in net exposures, we would have to reduce the level of our underwriting commitments, especially catastrophe exposed risks, which would reduce our revenues and possibly net income.

Our reinsurers, including the other participants in the marine pool, may not pay on losses in a timely fashion, or at all, which may increase our costs.

        Although reinsurance makes the reinsurer liable to us to the extent the risk is transferred or ceded to the reinsurer, ceded reinsurance arrangements do not eliminate our obligation to pay claims to our policyholders. Accordingly, we bear credit risk with respect to our reinsurers. Specifically, our reinsurers may not pay claims made by us on a timely basis, or they may not pay some or all of these claims. Either of these events would increase our costs and could have a material adverse effect on our business. As of June 30, 2003, our reinsurance recoverables are $8,892,000.

        The operations of the marine pool also expose us to reinsurance credit risk. Since 1998, all business underwritten by the marine pool has been written with Navigators Insurance Company as the primary insurer. Navigators Insurance Company then reinsures its exposure in the marine pool to the other participants based on their percentage participation. From 1983 until 1998, Navigators Insurance Company was the primary insurer for some of the pool business in excess of its participation amount. As a result of this arrangement, we remain primarily liable for claims arising out of those policies written by Navigators Insurance Company on behalf of the marine pool even if one or more of the other participants do not pay the claims they reinsured, which could have a material adverse effect on our business.

Intense competition for our products could harm our ability to maintain or increase our profitability and premium volume.

        The property and casualty insurance industry is highly competitive. We face competition from both domestic and foreign insurers, many of whom have longer operating histories and greater financial, marketing and management resources. Competition in the types of insurance in which we are engaged is based on many factors, including our perceived overall financial strength, pricing and other terms and conditions of products and services offered, business experience, marketing and distribution arrangements, agency and broker relationships, levels of customer service (including speed of claims payments), product differentiation and quality, operating efficiencies and underwriting. Furthermore, insureds tend to favor large, financially strong insurers, and we face the risk that we will lose market share to higher rated insurers.

        The entry of banks and brokerage firms into the insurance business poses new challenges for insurance companies and agents. These challenges from industries traditionally outside the insurance business could heighten the competition in the property and casualty industry.

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        We may have difficulty in continuing to compete successfully on any of these bases in the future. If competition limits our ability to write new business at adequate rates, our ability to transact business would be materially and adversely affected and our results of operations would be adversely affected.

We may be unable to attract and retain qualified employees.

        We depend on our ability to attract and retain qualified executive officers, experienced underwriters and claims professionals and other skilled employees who are knowledgeable about our specialty lines of business. If the quality of our executive officers, underwriting or claims team and other personnel decreases, we may be unable to maintain our current competitive position in the specialty markets in which we operate and be unable to expand our operations into new specialty markets.

Increases in interest rates may cause us to experience losses.

        Because of the unpredictable nature of losses that may arise under insurance policies, we may require substantial liquidity at any time. Our investment portfolio, which is comprised largely of fixed-income investments, is our principal source of liquidity. The market value of our fixed-income investments is subject to fluctuation depending on changes in prevailing interest rates and various other factors. We do not hedge our investment portfolio against interest rate risk. Increases in interest rates during periods when we must sell fixed-income securities to satisfy liquidity needs may result in realized losses.

A downgrade in our ratings could adversely impact the competitive positions of our operating businesses.

        Ratings are a critical factor in establishing the competitive position of insurance companies. Our insurance companies are rated by A.M. Best Company and Standard & Poor's. A.M. Best Company and Standard & Poor's ratings reflect their opinions of an insurance company's financial strength, operating performance, strategic position and ability to meet its obligations to policyholders, and are not evaluations directed to investors. Our ratings are subject to periodic review by A.M. Best Company and Standard & Poor's, and we cannot assure the continued maintenance of our current ratings. In 2003, A.M. Best Company reaffirmed its "A" (Excellent) rating for Navigators Insurance Company and NIC Insurance Company. In 2003, Standard and Poor's reaffirmed its "A" (Strong) rating for Navigators Insurance Company and NIC Insurance Company.

        Because these ratings have become an increasingly important factor in establishing the competitive position of insurance companies, if these ratings are reduced, our competitive position in the industry, and therefore our business, could be adversely affected. A significant downgrade could result in a substantial loss of business as policyholders might move to other companies with higher claims-paying and financial strength ratings. There can be no assurance that our current ratings will continue for any given period of time.

Our business could be materially and adversely affected if Lloyd's was further downgraded by A.M. Best.

        Following the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks, Lloyd's was downgraded by A.M. Best to "A-" (Excellent) from "A". On April 2, 2003, A.M. Best Company affirmed Lloyd's "A-" rating. Lloyd's, and therefore our Lloyd's operations', ability to market insurance policies to certain customers and brokers is dependent upon maintaining an "A-" or better A.M. Best rating. In the event that Lloyd's rating is further downgraded for any reason, it could have a material adverse effect on our ability to underwrite business through our Lloyd's operations and therefore on our financial condition or results of operations.

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Continued or increased premium levies by Lloyd's for the Central Fund could materially and adversely affect us.

        The Central Fund at Lloyd's protects a policyholder against the failure of a member of Lloyd's to meet its obligations. The Central Fund is a mechanism which in effect "mutualizes" unpaid liabilities among all members, whether individual or corporate. The fund is available to back Lloyd's policies issued after 1992. Lloyd's requires members to contribute to the Central fund, normally in the form of an annual contribution, although a special contribution may be levied. The Council of Lloyd's has discretion to call up to 3% of underwriting capacity in any one year.

        Policies issued before 1993 have been reinsured by Equitas, an independent insurance company authorized by the Financial Services Authority (a United Kingdom regulatory authority). For that reason, Lloyd's corporate members will not have any direct contractual liability to 1992 and prior years' liabilities. However, if Equitas were to fail or otherwise be unable to meet all of its obligations, Lloyd's may take the view that it is appropriate to apply the Central Fund to discharge those liabilities Equitas failed to meet. In that case, the Council of Lloyd's may resolve to impose a special or additional levy on the existing members, including Lloyd's corporate members, to satisfy those liabilities.

        Any premium levy would increase the expenses of Millennium Underwriting Ltd. and Navigators Corporate Underwriters Ltd., our corporate members, without providing compensating revenues, and could have a material adverse effect on our results.

Our businesses are heavily regulated, and changes in regulation may reduce our profitability and limit our growth.

        Our insurance subsidiaries are subject to extensive regulation and supervision in the jurisdictions in which they conduct business. This regulation is generally designed to protect the interests of policyholders, as opposed to insurers and their stockholders and other investors, and relates to authorization for lines of business, capital and surplus requirements, investment limitations, underwriting limitations, transactions with affiliates, dividend limitations, changes in control, premium rates and a variety of other financial and nonfinancial components of an insurance company's business.

        Virtually all states require insurers licensed to do business in that state to bear a portion of the loss suffered by some insureds as the result of impaired or insolvent insurance companies. The effect of these arrangements could reduce our profitability in any given period or limit our ability to grow our business.

        In recent years, the state insurance regulatory framework has come under increased federal scrutiny, and some state legislatures have considered or enacted laws that may alter or increase state authority to regulate insurance companies and insurance holding companies. Further, the National Association of Insurance Commissioners, or NAIC, and state insurance regulators are re-examining existing laws and regulations, specifically focusing on modifications to holding company regulations, interpretations of existing laws and the development of new laws. Any proposed or future legislation or NAIC initiatives may be more restrictive than current regulatory requirements or may result in higher costs.

        In response to the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks, the United States Congress has enacted legislation designed to ensure, among other things, the availability of insurance coverage for terrorist acts, including the requirement that insurers provide such coverage in certain circumstances. The Terrorism Risk Insurance Act of 2002 (the Terrorism Act) established a program under which the federal government will share the risk of loss from certain acts of international terrorism with the insurance industry. As a result, we will be prohibited from adding certain terrorism exclusions to the policies written by Navigators Insurance Company and NIC Insurance Company. While we are protected by federally funded terrorism reinsurance as provided for in the Terrorism Act, there is a substantial deductible that must be met, the payment of which could have an adverse effect on our results of operations. Potential future changes to the Terrorism Act could also adversely affect us by causing our reinsurers to increase prices or withdraw from certain markets where terrorism coverage is required.

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The inability of our subsidiaries to pay dividends to us in sufficient amounts would harm our ability to meet our obligations.

        We are a holding company and rely primarily on dividends from our subsidiaries to meet our obligations for payment of interest and principal on outstanding debt obligations and corporate expenses. The ability of our insurance subsidiaries to pay dividends to us in the future will depend on their statutory surplus, on earnings and on regulatory restrictions. For a discussion of our insurance subsidiaries' current dividend-paying ability, please see "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Liquidity and Capital Resources" in this prospectus. We and our underwriting subsidiaries are subject to regulation by some states as an insurance holding company. Such regulation generally provides that transactions between companies within our consolidated group must be fair and equitable. Transfers of assets among affiliated companies, certain dividend payments from underwriting subsidiaries and certain material transactions between companies within our consolidated group may be subject to prior notice to, or prior approval by, state regulatory authorities. Our underwriting subsidiaries are also subject to licensing and supervision by government regulatory agencies in the jurisdictions in which they do business. These regulations may set standards of solvency that must be met and maintained, such as the nature of and limitations on investments, the nature of and limitations on dividends to policyholders and stockholders and the nature and extent of required participation in insurance guaranty funds. These regulations may affect our subsidiaries' ability to provide us with dividends.

Catastrophe losses could materially reduce our profitability.

        We are exposed to claims arising out of catastrophes, particularly in our marine insurance line of business. We have experienced, and will in the future experience, catastrophe losses which may materially reduce our profitability or harm our financial condition. Catastrophes can be caused by various natural events, including hurricanes, windstorms, earthquakes, hail, severe winter weather and fires. Catastrophes can also be man-made, such as the World Trade Center attack. The incidence and severity of catastrophes are inherently unpredictable. Although we will attempt to manage our exposure to such events, the frequency and severity of catastrophic events could exceed our estimates, either of which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition.

Our Chairman and principal stockholder, Terence N. Deeks, may have the ability to exert significant influence over our policies and affairs.

        Prior to this offering, Terence N. Deeks, our Chairman and principal stockholder, beneficially owned, directly or indirectly, 38.4% of our common stock, based on the number of shares of our common stock outstanding as of August 27, 2003, and held options to purchase 55,000 shares of our common stock. After this offering, Mr. Deeks will beneficially own, directly or indirectly, approximately 27.5% of our common stock if the underwriters do not exercise their over-allotment option or approximately 26.2% of our common stock if the underwriters exercise their over-allotment option in full and all the over-allotment shares are purchased from us. Until such time as Mr. Deeks is no longer our principal shareholder, he may have the ability to exert significant influence over our policies and affairs, including the election of our board of directors. Mr. Deeks's interests may differ from the interests of other stockholders.

        Certain instruments of trust for the benefit of Mr. Deeks' children are selling shares in this offering. Mr. Deeks has no voting power over the shares of our common stock held in these trusts. Mr. Tract, one of our directors, acts as a trustee for all these trusts. For a discussion of these trusts' participation in the offering, see "Selling Stockholders" in this prospectus.

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Although publicly traded, the trading market in our common stock has substantially less liquidity than the average trading market for a stock quoted on the NASDAQ Stock Market.

        Although our common stock is listed for trading on the NASDAQ Stock Market, the trading market in our common stock has substantially less liquidity than the average trading market for companies quoted on the NASDAQ Stock Market. As of August 27, 2003, we had 8,537,735 shares of outstanding common stock. As of such date, Mr. Deeks beneficially owned 38.4% of our common stock and certain instruments of trust holding shares of our common stock for the benefit of Mr. Deeks' children and grandchildren owned 11.7% of our common stock. Although we believe that this offering, which involves both the sale of shares by certain of the trusts mentioned above and the issuance of new shares of common stock by us, will improve the liquidity of the market for our common stock, there is no assurance that the offering will increase the volume of trading in our common stock.

Anti-takeover provisions affecting us could prevent or delay a change of control that would be beneficial to you.

        Provisions of our restated certificate of incorporation, as amended, by-laws, and provisions of applicable Delaware law and applicable federal and state regulations, may discourage, delay or prevent a merger, tender offer or other change of control that holders of our securities may consider favorable. Certain of these provisions impose various procedural and other requirements that could make it more difficult for our stockholders to effect certain corporate actions. These provisions could:

        See "Description of Capital Stock" in this prospectus for a summary of these provisions.

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USE OF PROCEEDS

        We intend to use the net proceeds from the sale of shares of our common stock in this offering:

        Pending application of the net proceeds, we may invest the proceeds in short-term or medium-term securities.


CAPITALIZATION

        The table below shows our capitalization on a consolidated basis as of June 30, 2003. The "As Adjusted" column reflects our capitalization after giving effect to this offering of shares of our common stock and our use of the net proceeds from the offering, based upon an assumed public offering price of $33.29 per share (the last sale price on the NASDAQ Stock Market on August 27, 2003) after deducting assumed underwriting discounts and commissions and offering expenses, and assuming no exercise of the underwriters' over-allotment option.

        You should read this table along with our audited financial statements included with this prospectus as well as the information presented in our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q. See "Where You Can Find More Information About Us."

 
  As of June 30, 2003
 
  Actual
  As Adjusted
 
  (Unaudited)

 
  (In thousands, except share data)

Stockholders' equity:            
  Preferred stock, $0.10 par value, authorized 1,000,000 shares, none issued   $   $
  Common stock, $0.10 par value, 20,000,000 authorized; 8,515,535 shares issued and outstanding, actual; and 11,915,535 shares issued and outstanding, as adjusted     852     1,192
  Additional paid-in capital     40,617     147,197
  Accumulated other comprehensive income     13,767     13,767
  Retained earnings     131,895     131,895
   
 
    Total stockholders' equity   $ 187,131   $ 294,051
   
 

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SELECTED FINANCIAL INFORMATION

        The following table sets forth selected financial information for the periods ended and as of the dates indicated. The selected data presented below under the captions "Operating Information" and "Balance Sheet Information" for, and as of the end of, each of the years in the five-year period ended December 31, 2002, are derived from our consolidated financial statements, which financial statements have been audited by KPMG LLP, independent accountants. The consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2002 and 2001, and for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2002, and the report thereon, are included elsewhere and incorporated by reference in this prospectus. The selected financial information for the six months ended and as of June 30, 2003 and 2002 presented below is derived from our unaudited consolidated financial statements. These historical results are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected from any future period. Results for the interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected for the entire year. You should read this selected financial information together with our consolidated financial statements and related notes and the section of this prospectus entitled, "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations."

 
  Six Months Ended June 30,
  Year Ended December 31,
 
 
  2003
  2002
  2002
  2001
  2000
  1999
  1998
 
 
  (In thousands, except per share and ratio data)

 
Operating Information(1):                                            
Net earned premium   $ 131,578   $ 90,772   $ 226,294   $ 150,244   $ 97,240   $ 89,442   $ 91,203  
Net investment income     9,213     9,104     18,058     19,354     18,447     15,985     15,209  
Total revenues     144,991     102,729     252,668     171,174     120,084     105,624     115,120  
Income (loss) before income taxes     14,149     9,379     22,216     5,360     10,338     (5,392 )   15,153  
Net income (loss)     11,108     7,224     16,397     3,668     7,032     (3,652 )   11,489  
Net income (loss) per share:                                            
Basic   $ 1.31   $ 0.86   $ 1.94   $ 0.44   $ 0.84   $ (0.43 ) $ 1.37  
Diluted   $ 1.27   $ 0.84   $ 1.89   $ 0.43   $ 0.84   $ (0.43 ) $ 1.36  
Average common shares:                                            
Basic     8,505     8,446     8,463     8,419     8,414     8,419     8,414  
Diluted     8,741     8,617     8,676     8,547     8,414     8,419     8,459  
Balance Sheet Information
(at end of period)(1):
                                           
Total investments & cash   $ 519,370   $ 312,433   $ 452,885   $ 333,090   $ 293,480   $ 270,169   $ 281,079  
Total assets     1,081,177     793,357     917,919     712,757     616,016     631,795     592,086  
Loss and loss adjustment expense reserves     543,390     415,082     489,642     401,177     357,674     391,094     342,444  
Notes payable     11,000     16,000     14,500     19,000     22,000     24,000     23,500  
Stockholders' equity     187,131     156,047     171,275     147,206     143,480     130,365     143,266  
Book value per share(2)   $ 21.98   $ 18.42   $ 20.18   $ 17.47   $ 17.05   $ 15.51   $ 16.96  
Combined loss & expense ratio(3)     95.9 %   98.1 %   97.5 %   103.7 %   101.1 %   111.2 %   95.7 %

(1)
Certain amounts for prior years have been reclassified to conform to the current year's presentation.

(2)
Calculated as stockholders' equity divided by actual shares outstanding as of the date indicated.

(3)
Calculated on a GAAP basis.

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MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

        The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes which appear elsewhere in this prospectus. It contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Please see "Note on Forward-Looking Statements" for more information. Our actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of various factors, including those discussed below and elsewhere in this prospectus, particularly under the headings "Risk Factors" and "Note on Forward-Looking Statements."

General

        We are an international insurance holding company focusing on specialty products for niches within the overall property/casualty insurance market. Our largest product line and most long-standing area of specialization is ocean marine insurance. We have also developed specialty niches in professional liability and in general liability insurance. We conduct operations through our insurance company subsidiaries, the Navigators Agencies and our Lloyd's operations.

        Our two insurance company subsidiaries are Navigators Insurance Company, which includes a United Kingdom branch, and NIC Insurance Company. Navigators Insurance Company is our largest insurance subsidiary and has been active since 1983. It specializes principally in underwriting marine insurance and related lines of business, general liability insurance and professional liability insurance. NIC Insurance Company, a wholly owned subsidiary of Navigators Insurance Company, began operations in 1990. It underwrites similar types of business but on a "non-admitted" or surplus lines basis and is fully reinsured by Navigators Insurance.

        The Navigators Agencies produce business for our insurance company subsidiaries. They specialize in writing marine and related lines of business, general liability insurance and professional liability coverages.

        Each of the Navigators Agencies underwrites marine and related lines of business for Navigators Insurance Company and four other unaffiliated insurance companies. The five insurance companies comprise a marine insurance pool. Marine insurance policies are issued by Navigators Insurance Company with the business shared with other pool members. Navigators Insurance Company had a 75% participation in the pool for business written with effective dates in 2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively. Navigators Insurance Company currently has a 70% participation in the marine pool for 2003. Pending regulatory approval by the New York Insurance Department of a commutation agreement with one of the pool members, Navigators Insurance Company expects to increase its 2003 participation in the pool to 80%. No assurances can be given that we will receive this regulatory approval. If the pool participation had been recorded at 80% for the 2003 underwriting year premium, the effect would have increased net written premium by approximately $4.9 million for the first six months of 2003.

        Navigators Specialty, a division of a Navigators Agency, produces business exclusively for our insurance company subsidiaries. It specializes in underwriting general liability insurance coverage for small general and artisan contractors and other targeted commercial risks, with the majority of its business located in California.

        Navigators Pro, a division of a Navigators Agency, specializes in underwriting professional liability insurance and began producing directors and officers liability insurance exclusively for our insurance company subsidiaries in the fourth quarter of 2001. In late 2002, Navigators Pro introduced additional products to complement its directors and officers liability coverage. The products include employment practices liability, lawyers professional liability and miscellaneous professional liability coverages.

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        Navigators Holdings (UK) Limited is a holding company for our United Kingdom subsidiaries consisting of the Lloyd's operations and Navigators Management (UK) Limited, a Navigators Agency, which produces business for the United Kingdom Branch of Navigators Insurance Company. The Lloyd's operations consist of NUAL, which manages Lloyd's Syndicate 1221, Millennium Underwriting Ltd. and Navigators Corporate Underwriters Ltd. Both Millennium Underwriting Ltd. and Navigators Corporate Underwriters Ltd. are Lloyd's corporate members with limited liability and provide capacity to Lloyd's Syndicate 1221. NUAL owns Pennine Underwriting Ltd., an underwriting managing agency with offices in Manchester and Leeds, England, which underwrites cargo and engineering business for Lloyd's Syndicate 1221.

        Our revenue is primarily comprised of premiums, commission and investment income. Our insurance company subsidiaries derive their premiums primarily from business written by the Navigators Agencies. The Lloyd's operations derive their premiums from business written by NUAL. The Navigators Agencies and NUAL receive commissions and, in some cases, profit commissions and service fees on the business produced.

        Over the past two years, we have experienced beneficial market changes in our lines of businesses. As a result of several large losses in the second quarter of 2001, the marine insurance market began to experience diminished capacity and rate increases, initially in the offshore energy line of business. As conditions in the overall property/casualty insurance market have hardened since the third quarter of 2001, certain property/casualty insurers who also compete in our marine and general liability lines of business have reduced their capacity generally and in the marine and general liability lines specifically. General liability losses have also resulted in diminished capacity in the market in which we compete, as many former competitors who lacked the expertise to selectively underwrite this business have been forced to withdraw from the market. In the professional liability market, the enactment of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, together with recent financial and accounting scandals at large, publicly traded corporations and increased frequency of securities-related class action litigation, has lead to an invigorated interest in professional liability insurance generally. These conditions have resulted in rate increases as well as an overall improvement in policy terms and conditions for our professional liability line of business. While we believe that the hardening of the markets in which we operate will continue for the foreseeable future, albeit at a less dramatic rate compared to the past eighteen months, our business is cyclical and influenced by many factors that could cause our positive outlook to change. These factors include price competition, economic conditions, interest rates, natural or man-made disasters (for example hurricanes and terrorism), state regulations, court decisions and changes in the law. Additionally, because our insurance products must be priced, and premiums charged, before costs have fully developed, our liabilities are required to be estimated and recorded in recognition of future loss and settlement obligations. Due to the inherent uncertainty in estimating these liabilities, we cannot assure you that our actual liabilities will not exceed our recorded amounts; if actual liabilities do exceed recorded amounts, there will be an adverse effect on us.

        For additional information regarding our business, see "Business—General."

Critical Accounting Policies

        It is important to understand our accounting policies in order to understand our financial statements. Management considers certain of these policies to be critical to the presentation of the financial results, since they require management to make estimates and assumptions. These estimates and assumptions affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, expenses, and related disclosures at the financial reporting date and throughout the period being reported upon. Certain of the estimates result from judgments that can be subjective and complex, and consequently actual results may differ from these estimates, which would be reflected in future periods.

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        Our most critical accounting policies involve the reporting of the reserves for losses and loss adjustment expenses (including losses that have occurred but were not reported to us by the financial reporting date), reinsurance recoverables, written and unearned premium, the recoverability of deferred tax assets, the impairment of invested assets, accounting for Lloyd's results, and goodwill.

        Loss Reserves and Loss Adjustment Expenses.    Loss reserves represent an estimate of the expected cost of the ultimate settlement and administration of losses, based on facts and circumstances then known. Actuarial methodologies are employed to assist in establishing such estimates and include judgments relative to estimates of future claims severity and frequency, length of time to develop to ultimate, judicial theories of liability and other third party factors which are often beyond our control. Due to the inherent uncertainty associated with the reserving process, the ultimate liability may be different from the original estimate. Such estimates are regularly reviewed and updated and any resulting adjustments are included in the current year's results. Additional information regarding our loss reserves can be found in "—Results of Operations—Operating Expenses—Net Losses and Loss Adjustment Expenses Incurred," "Business—Reserves," and Note 6 to our consolidated audited financial statements, all of which are included in this prospectus.

        Reinsurance Recoverables.    Reinsurance recoverables are established for the portion of the loss reserves that are ceded to reinsurers. Reinsurance recoverables are determined based upon the terms and conditions of reinsurance contracts which could be subject to interpretations that differ from our own based on judicial theories of liability. In addition, we bear credit risk with respect to our reinsurers which can be significant considering that certain of the reserves remain outstanding for an extended period of time. We are required to pay losses even if a reinsurer fails to meet its obligations under the applicable reinsurance agreement. See the "Business—Reinsurance Ceded" section and Note 7 to our consolidated audited financial statements, both included in this prospectus.

        Written and Unearned Premium.    Written premium is recorded based on the insurance policies that have been reported to us and the policies that have been written by agents but not yet reported to us. We must estimate the amount of written premium not yet reported based on judgments relative to current and historical trends of the business being written. Such estimates are regularly reviewed and updated and any resulting adjustments are included in the current year's results. An unearned premium reserve is established to reflect the unexpired portion of each policy at the financial reporting date. See Note 1 to our consolidated audited financial statements, included in this prospectus.

        Deferred Tax Assets.    We have recorded valuation allowances related to deferred tax assets resulting from net operating loss carryforwards due to the uncertainty associated with the realization of the deferred tax asset related to certain of our foreign, state and local operations. Even though our foreign operations were profitable in 2002 and 2003, the valuation allowance was released only to the extent of the 2002 and 2003 profits since future profitability remains uncertain. See Note 5 to our consolidated audited financial statements, included in this prospectus.

        Impairment of Invested Assets.    Impairment of investment securities results in a charge to operations when a market decline below cost is other-than-temporary. Management regularly reviews our fixed maturity and equity securities portfolios to evaluate the necessity of recording impairment losses for other-than-temporary declines in the fair value of investments. A number of criteria are considered during this process including, but not limited to: the current fair value as compared to amortized cost or cost, as appropriate, of the security; the length of time the security's fair value has been below amortized cost or cost, and by how much; and specific credit issues related to the issuer and current economic conditions. In general, we focus our attention on those securities whose market value was less than 80% of their amortized cost or cost, as appropriate, for six or more consecutive months. Other factors considered in evaluating potential impairment include the current fair value as compared to amortized cost or cost, as appropriate, our intent and ability to retain the investment for a period of time sufficient to allow for an anticipated recovery in value, specific credit issues related to

20



the issuer and current economic conditions. Other-than-temporary impairment losses result in a permanent reduction of the cost basis of the underlying investment. Significant changes in the factors we consider when evaluating investments for impairment losses could result in a significant change in impairment losses reported in the consolidated financial statements. For additional detail regarding our investment portfolio at June 30, 2003 and December 31, 2002, including disclosures regarding other-than-temporary declines in investment value, see the "Business—Investments" section and Note 2 to our consolidated audited financial statements, both included in this prospectus.

        Accounting for Lloyd's Results.    We record our pro rata share of Lloyd's syndicate assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, after making adjustments to convert Lloyd's accounting to U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, or GAAP. The most significant U.S. GAAP adjustments relate to income recognition. Lloyd's syndicates determine underwriting results by year of account at the end of three years. We record adjustments to recognize underwriting results as incurred, including the expected ultimate cost of losses incurred. These adjustments to losses are based on actuarial analysis of syndicate accounts, including forecasts of expected ultimate losses provided by the syndicate. At the end of the Lloyd's three-year period for determining underwriting results for an account year, the syndicate will close the account year by reinsuring outstanding claims on that account year with the participants for the account's next underwriting year. The amount to close an underwriting year into the next year is referred to as the "reinsurance to close." The reinsurance to close transactions are recorded as additional written and earned premium, losses incurred, loss reserves and receivables, all in the same amount. There are no gains or losses recorded on the reinsurance to close transactions. See Note 1 to our consolidated audited financial statements, included in this prospectus.

        Historically, we reported "Funds due from Lloyd's syndicate" as a separate line item on our balance sheets. The balance consisted primarily of investments, cash and premiums receivables resulting from our participation in Lloyd's Syndicate 1221. Commencing at December 31, 2002, we have recorded the amounts due from Lloyd's Syndicate 1221 as part of their separate components in our financial statements. As a result, the amounts previously classified as "Funds due from Lloyd's syndicate" have been reclassified to conform to the current year's presentation.

        Goodwill.    The Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards 142 (SFAS 142), "Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets," effective January 1, 2002. SFAS 142 changes the accounting for goodwill and intangible assets that have indefinite useful lives from an amortization approach to an impairment-only approach that requires that those assets be tested at least annually for impairment. We completed our annual impairment review of goodwill resulting in no impairment as of January 1, 2003. If the carrying amount of goodwill exceeds its implied fair value, an impairment loss will be recognized. See Note 1 to our consolidated audited financial statements, included in this prospectus.

        For additional information on the application of new accounting standards to us, see Note 6 to our interim consolidated financial statements included in this prospectus.

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Results of Operations

        The following is a discussion and analysis of our consolidated results of operations for the six months ended June 30, 2003 and 2002, and for the years ended December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000.

        Revenues.    Gross written premium for the six months ended June 30, 2003 increased 48.4% to $315,894,000 from $212,861,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2002.

        The following table sets forth our gross written premium by segment and line of business, and ceded and net written premium by segment for the periods indicated:

 
  Six Months Ended June 30,
 
 
  2003
  2002
 
 
  ($ in thousands)

 
Insurance Companies:                      
  Marine   $ 103,440   33 % $ 83,540   39 %
  General Liability     62,826   20     50,512   24  
  Professional Liability     25,558   8     7,709   4  
  Surety     788          
  Other     823       3,046   1  
   
 
 
 
 
    Gross Written Premium     193,435   61     144,807   68  
         
       
 
    Ceded Written Premium     (105,753 )       (63,812 )    
   
     
     
    Net Written Premium     87,682         80,995      
   
     
     

Lloyd's Operations:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
  Marine     106,465   34     63,931   30  
  Engineering and Construction     8,485   3     1,893   1  
  Onshore Energy     7,509   2     2,230   1  
   
 
 
 
 
    Gross Written Premium     122,459   39     68,054   32  
         
       
 
    Ceded Written Premium     (57,477 )       (22,606 )    
   
     
     
    Net Written Premium     64,982         45,448      
   
     
     
      Total Gross Written Premium     315,894   100 %   212,861   100 %
         
       
 
      Total Ceded Written Premium     (163,230 )       (86,418 )    
   
     
     
      Total Net Written Premium   $ 152,664       $ 126,443      
   
     
     

        Marine Premium.    The marine premium for the six months ended June 30, 2003 increased 23.8% compared to the first six months of 2002 due primarily to the increase in premium rates, resulting in higher premiums on new and renewal business. Navigators Insurance Company obtained price increases on renewal business of approximately 19% in the first six months of 2003, amounting to approximately $9.5 million of gross written premium from rate increases.

        General Liability Premium.    The general liability premium increased 24.4% from the first six months of 2002 to 2003 due to new business and increased rates. Rate increases on renewal business for the contractors liability policies averaged 50.9%, resulting in approximately $7.8 million of premium from rate increases. During the first six months of 2003, the number of construction liability in-force

22



policies decreased by approximately 39%, primarily as the result of our efforts to scale back the number of small artisan policies we write.

        Professional Liability Insurance.    The professional liability premium increased to $25.6 million for the first six months of 2003 from $7.7 million for the first six months of 2002, reflecting growth in this relatively new line of business.

        Surety.    In late 2002, Navigators Insurance Company began to write surety business which consists of bonds guaranteeing the performance of a specific obligation. Our focus is on providing bid and performance bonds to small contractors requiring contract bonds for projects of $2.0 million or less.

        We participate in the marine and related insurance lines of the Lloyd's market through NUAL, which manages Lloyd's Syndicate 1221.

        Lloyd's Syndicate 1221's 2003 stamp capacity of £125 million ($199.7 million) compared to £75.0 million ($112.7 million) in 2002. Stamp capacity is a measure of the amount of premium a Lloyd's syndicate is authorized to write by the Council of Lloyd's. Syndicate 1221's stamp capacity is expressed net of commission (as is standard at Lloyd's) of approximately 21%. We provide 97.4% and provided 68.1% of Syndicate 1221's capacity for the 2003 and 2002 underwriting years, respectively. In 2003, we are providing a larger percentage of the gross capacity and are reinsuring 15.4% of Syndicate 1221's capacity through the utilization of quota share reinsurance agreements to third parties who provide letters of credit used as collateral at Lloyd's. The Lloyd's marine business had been subject to deteriorating pricing beginning in the mid-1990's. The pricing competition showed some signs of stabilizing in 2000 and prices increased in 2001, 2002 and in the first six months of 2003. Lloyd's presents its results on an underwriting year basis, generally closing each underwriting year after three years. We make estimates for each underwriting year and timely accrue the expected results. Our Lloyd's operations included in the consolidated financial statements represent our participation in Syndicate 1221.

        Lloyd's syndicates report the amounts of premiums, claims, and expenses recorded in an underwriting account for a particular year to the companies or individuals that participate in the syndicates. The syndicates generally keep accounts open for three years. Traditionally, three years have been necessary to report substantially all premiums associated with an underwriting year and to report most related claims, although claims may remain unsettled after the account is closed. A Lloyd's syndicate typically closes an underwriting account by reinsuring outstanding claims on that account with the participants for the next underwriting year. The ceding participants pay the assuming participants an amount based on the unearned premiums and outstanding claims in the underwriting account at the date of the assumption. Our participation in Lloyd's Syndicate 1221 is represented by and recorded as our proportionate share of the underlying assets and liabilities and results of operations of the syndicate since, (a) we hold an undivided interest in each asset, (b) we are proportionately liable for each liability and (c) Syndicate 1221 is not a separate legal entity. At Lloyd's, the amount to close an underwriting year into the next year is referred to as the reinsurance to close. The reinsurance to close amounts represent the transfer of the assets and liabilities from the participants of a closing underwriting year to the participants of the next underwriting year. To the extent our participation in the syndicate changes as a result of this transfer, the reinsurance to close amounts vary accordingly. The reinsurance to close transactions are recorded as additional written and earned premium, losses incurred, loss reserves and receivables, all in the same amount. There are no gains or losses recorded on the transactions.

        We provide letters of credit to Lloyd's to support our participation in Syndicate 1221's capacity. If we increase our participation, or if Lloyd's changes the capital requirements, we may be required to supply additional letters of credit or other collateral acceptable to Lloyd's, or reduce the capacity of

23


Syndicate 1221. The letters of credit are provided through the credit facility which we maintain with a consortium of banks. The credit facility agreement requires that the banks vote by November 19th of each year whether or not to renew the letter of credit portion of the facility. If the banks decide not to renew the letter of credit facility, we will need to find other sources to provide the letters of credit or other collateral in order to continue to participate in Syndicate 1221 for underwriting year 2004 and subsequent years.

        Marine Premium.    In the first six months of 2003, marine premium increased 66.5% from the first six months of 2002 partially due to the increase in premium rates resulting in higher premiums on renewal and new business and due to the capacity provided to Syndicate 1221 by Navigators Corporate Underwriters Ltd. and Millennium Underwriting Ltd. increasing from 68.1% in 2002 to 97.4% in 2003. The increased premium in 2003 included approximately $11.4 million of rate increases.

        Engineering and Construction Premium.    The business consists of coverage for construction projects including machinery, equipment and loss of use due to delays. The increase in the gross written premium in the first six months of 2003 compared to 2002 was due to new business and the increase in capacity provided to Syndicate 1221.

        Onshore Energy.    The increase in the gross written premium for this business in the first six months of 2003 compared to 2002 was primarily due to new business and the increase in capacity provided to Syndicate 1221.

        Ceded Written Premium.    In the ordinary course of business, we reinsure certain insurance risks with unaffiliated insurance companies for the purpose of limiting our maximum loss exposure, protecting against catastrophic losses, and maintaining desired ratios of net premiums written to statutory surplus. The relationship of ceded to written premium varies based upon the types of business written and whether the business is written by our insurance company subsidiaries or the Lloyd's operations. There are several factors contributing to an increase in ceded premium when comparing the six months ended June 30, 2003 to the same period in 2002. First, rate increases on our business resulted in higher premium levels, and consequently more ceded premiums. The second is the cost of excess of loss reinsurance which is purchased to limit our exposure to an individual large loss. This reinsurance cost increased in the marine and general liability business. Effective April 1, 2003, the reinsurance treaty for our general liability business was amended to incorporate a ceding commission from the reinsurer and a rate increase. Third, we increased the amount of quota share reinsurance for certain product lines, based upon management's assessment of expected loss activity. Fourth, Navigators Pro experienced substantial premium growth, resulting in increased amounts of premium ceded to its quota share reinsurance program. Additionally, we entered into quota share reinsurance agreements to reinsure 15.4% of our Syndicate 1221 capacity to third parties who provide letters of credit used as collateral at Lloyd's.

        Net Written Premium.    Net written premium increased 20.7% when comparing the first six months of 2003 to the same period in 2002, as a result of the increase in the gross written premium partially offset by the increased ceded premium, each of which is discussed above.

        Net Earned Premium.    Net earned premium increased 45.0% for the six months ended June 30, 2003, compared to the same period in 2002. Net earned premium increased across all major product lines as a result of rate increases and new business generated in 2002 and 2003.

        Commission Income.    Commission income generated by the Navigators Agencies increased to $2,725,000 for the first six months of 2003 from $2,094,000 for the same period in 2002, primarily as the result of the increased earned premium on the marine business produced by the Navigators Agencies and an increase in the unaffiliated insurance companies' share of the marine pool from 25% to 30%.

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        Net Investment Income.    Net investment income was substantially the same for the six months ended June 30, 2003 and 2002. The earnings from the increase in investment assets were offset by the general decrease in interest rates.

        Net Realized Capital Gains (Losses).    Pre-tax net income for the first six months of 2003 included $887,000 of net realized capital gains compared to $92,000 of net realized capital losses for the same period last year. On an after-tax basis, the net realized capital gains were $738,000 or $0.08 per share for the first six months of 2003 and the net realized capital losses were $71,000 or $0.01 per share for the same period of 2002. Included in net realized capital gains in the first six months of 2002 was $2,118,000 of impairment losses recorded on one of our asset-backed securities. There have been no impairment losses on securities in 2003.

        Other Income.    Other income for the first six months of 2003 and 2002 consisted primarily of inspection fees related to the general liability business and foreign exchange gains and losses.

Operating Expenses

        Net Losses and Loss Adjustment Expenses Incurred.    The amount recorded for net losses and loss adjustment expenses reflects management's estimate of dollar amounts required to pay all claims, as well as related expenses to adjust and settle claims. The estimates include payments made during the period, reserves established for future payment on known claims and reserves established for claims that are anticipated but that have not yet been reported to us. Insurance companies typically evaluate their loss experience by calculating a "loss ratio," which is the ratio of losses and loss adjustment expenses incurred to the net earned premium for the period. Our loss ratio for the first six months of 2003 was 66.4%, compared to 61.9% for the first six months of 2002. The majority of this increase was due to an increase in the loss ratio of Navigators Insurance Company increasing from 58.5% for the first six months of 2002 to 66.9% for the first six months of 2003. The largest factor impacting this was an increase in incurred losses for Navigators Insurance Company's marine business in the first three months of 2003. To a lesser extent, the increase in the loss ratio was affected by the growth in the general liability and professional liability lines of business for which we generally estimate a higher ultimate loss ratio than the marine business, and a change in the general liability excess of loss program which increased the loss ratio and decreased the commission expense ratio. Also, we experienced adverse development on an assumed reinsurance line of business currently in runoff and, as a result, strengthened our loss reserves on such business by $1,645,000.

25


        The following table sets forth our net loss reserves by segment and by line of business as of the dates indicated:

 
  June 30,
2003

  December 31,
2002

 
  Net Loss Reserves
  Net Loss Reserves
 
  ($ in thousands)

Insurance Companies:            
  Marine   $ 77,294   $ 73,521
  General Liability     85,290     64,949
  Professional Liability     3,512     1,240
  Surety     35     7
  Other     26,377     26,690
   
 
    Total Insurance Companies     192,508     166,407
   
 

Lloyd's Operations:

 

 

 

 

 

 
  Marine     106,286     97,018
  Engineering and Construction     1,071     726
  Onshore Energy     2,179     496
   
 
    Total Lloyd's Operations     109,536     98,240
   
 
      Total Net Loss Reserves   $ 302,044   $ 264,647
   
 

        Our loss reserves include amounts related to short tail and long tail classes of business. Short tail business means that claims are generally reported quickly upon occurrence of an event, making estimation of loss reserves less complex. Our longer tail business includes general liability and professional liability insurance. For the long tail lines, significant periods of time, ranging up to several years or more, may elapse between the occurrence of the loss, the reporting of the loss and the settlement of the claim. The longer the time span between the incidence of a loss and the settlement of the claim, the more likely the ultimate settlement amount can vary from the original estimate.

        General Liability and Professional Liability.    The general liability business generates third party liability claims that are longer tail in nature. A significant portion of our general liability reserves relate to California construction defect claims. Reserves and claim frequency on this business may be impacted by legislation recently implemented in California, which generally provides consumers who experience construction defects a method other than litigation to obtain construction defect repairs. This legislation may impact claim severity, frequency and length to settlement assumptions underlying our reserves. Accordingly, our ultimate liability may exceed or be less than current estimates due to this variable, among others.

        For general liability, a relatively small proportion of net losses in the more recent accident years are reported claims and an even smaller proportion are paid losses. Therefore, a relatively large proportion of our general liability net losses are reserves for incurred but not reported losses (which are referred to as IBNR). Approximately 75% of our general liability net loss reserves at June 30, 2003 were for IBNR. As of June 30, 2003, we had 1,450 open claims relating to general liability business compared to 1,275 open claims as of December 31, 2002. During the first six months of 2003, 1,022 new claims were made and 847 existing claims were settled or dismissed. Our net loss and loss adjustment expenses reserves for our general liability business as of June 30, 2003 were $85,290,000.

        The professional liability class generates third party claims, which also are longer tail in nature. The professional liability policies provide coverage on a claims-made basis, whereby coverage is generally provided only for those claims that are made during the policy period. Our professional liability business is relatively immature, with our first writing of the business in late 2001. Accordingly,

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given the relative immaturity of this business, it will take some time to better understand the reserve trends on this business. Where anticipated loss experience is less predictable because of the small number of claims and/or erratic claim severity patterns, our loss estimates are based on expected losses, actual reported losses, evaluation of loss trends, and the legal, regulatory and current risk environment. We have made a reasonable estimate of the required loss reserves for professional liability. The expected ultimate losses may be adjusted up or down as the accident years mature.

        Virtually all of the professional liability net loss reserves at June 30, 2003 were for IBNR. As of June 30, 2003, we had 43 open claims for professional liability coverage compared to 7 open claims as of December 31, 2002. During the first six months of 2003, 41 new claims were made and 5 claims were closed. Our net loss and loss adjustment expense reserves for professional liability coverage as of June 30, 2003 were $3,512,000.

        Asbestos and Environmental Liability.    We have minimal exposure to asbestos and environmental liability, largely stemming from marine liability insurance written on an occurrence basis during the mid-1980s. In general, our participation on such risks is in the higher excess layers, which requires the underlying coverage to be exhausted prior to coverage being triggered in our layer. In many instances we are one of many insurers who participate in the defense and ultimate settlement of these claims, and we are generally a minor participant in the overall insurance coverage and settlement. Further, since most of our policies were issued after the industry was apprised of asbestos exposures, many of the policies on which we participate have exclusions that may preclude coverage. In addition, many of these claims have been inactive for several years and may be closed in the near future.

        Our management believes that our reserves for such claims are adequate because our participation in such risks is generally in the higher excess layers and, based on a continuing review of such claims, it believes that a majority of these claims will be unlikely to penetrate such high excess layers of coverage; however, due to significant assumptions inherent in estimating these exposures, actual liabilities could differ from current estimates.

        The following tables set forth our net loss reserves and claim counts for our environmental and asbestos exposure, which we believe is subject to uncertainties greater than those presented by other types of claims:

 
  Net Loss & Loss Adjustment Expense Reserves
  Net Losses &
Loss Adjustment
Expenses
incurred for the
six months ended
June 30, 2003

   
 
  Net Paid Losses
& Loss Adjustment
Expenses for the
six months ended
June 30, 2003

Type of Business

  June 30,
2003

  December 31,
2002

 
  ($ in thousands)

Environmental   $ 721   $ 1,072   $ 160   $ 511
Asbestos     475     441     99     65
   
 
 
 
  Total   $ 1,196   $ 1,513   $ 259   $ 576
   
 
 
 
Type of Business

  Claim Count
January 1, 2003

  New Claims
During Period

  Claims Settled
or Resolved
During Period

  Claim Count
June 30, 2003

Environmental   202   10   128   84
Asbestos   275   18   209   84
   
 
 
 
  Total   477   28   337   168
   
 
 
 

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        Approximately 310 files were closed following a review by in-house counsel, which resulted in management concluding that there is no reasonable prospect of exposure to us on such matters. No other material trends or developments were noted in the above net loss reserve and claim count tables.

        Commission Expense.    Commission expense as a percentage of net earned premium was 14.8% and 19.8% for the six months ended June 30, 2003 and 2002, respectively. The commission expense tends to fluctuate with changes in the mix of business. The decrease during the first six months of 2003 was primarily the result of increased reinsurance ceding commission from a change in the general liability reinsurance program and from the professional liability and Lloyd's marine operations.

        Other Operating Expenses.    Other operating expenses increased to $23,824,000 for the first six months ended June 30, 2003 from $18,870,000 during the corresponding period of 2002, primarily due to the increase in employee related expenses resulting from expansion of the business. The percentage of other operating expenses to net earned premium decreased to 18.1% for the first six months of 2003 from 20.8% for the corresponding 2002 period, primarily due to the expenses being spread over a larger premium base.

        Interest Expense.    Interest expense decreased to $184,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2003 from $305,000 for the corresponding period of 2002. This decline was due to a smaller loan balance and lower interest rates on the loan.

        Income Taxes.    The effective tax rate was 21.5% and 23.0% for the six months ended June 30, 2003 and 2002, respectively. The rates differed from the Federal statutory income tax rate primarily due to the change in the valuation allowance to the extent of income or loss generated in certain of our foreign operations, and also to tax-exempt interest income.

        Our valuation allowance relating to our foreign operations decreased by $1,484,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2003 relating to the reduction in the loss carryforward at our foreign operations resulting from income generated by these operations in the first six months of 2003. At June 30, 2003 and 2002, we had loss carryforwards remaining at our foreign operations amounting to potential future tax benefits of $3,046,000 and $5,113,000, respectively, along with a valuation allowance equal to these benefits. Even though the foreign operations were profitable in the first six months of 2003, the valuation allowance was released only to the extent of the 2003 profits since future profitability remains uncertain. We need to generate $10,152,000 of future foreign pretax income in order to fully utilize the foreign loss carryforward, which can be carried forward indefinitely.

        We also had net state and local loss carryforwards amounting to potential future tax benefits of $2,220,000 and $1,899,000 at June 30, 2003 and 2002, respectively, along with a valuation allowance equal to these benefits. We need to generate $12,368,000 of future state and local pretax income in order to fully utilize the loss carryforwards, which expire from 2019 to 2023.

        We had alternative minimum tax carryforwards of $0 and $2,304,000 at June 30, 2003 and 2002, respectively.

        Net Income.    We had net income of $11,108,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2003 compared to $7,224,000 for the same period last year. On a diluted per share basis, this represented net income per share of $1.27 and $0.84 for the six months ended June 30, 2003 and 2002, respectively.

        General.    Our 2002, 2001 and 2000 results of operations reflect increasing premium rates beginning in late 2000 and continuing in 2001 and 2002.

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        The 2001 results of operations were adversely impacted by approximately $4.5 million, both pre-tax and after-tax, resulting from the World Trade Center attack, consisting of estimated net incurred losses of $4.1 million and the net effect of reinsurance reinstatement premiums of $0.4 million, all of which originated from our Lloyd's operations. This represented our best estimate of our maximum exposure determined by an analysis of policies that may have incurred a loss resulting from the terrorist attack. No additional losses related to the World Trade Center attack were incurred during 2002. However, given the uncertainty surrounding this event, the estimate may change over time as additional information becomes available.

        Revenues.    Gross written premium increased to $447.8 million in 2002 from $278.2 million in 2001 and from $188.4 million in 2000. The following table sets forth our gross written premium by segment and line of business, and ceded and net written premium by segment for the periods indicated:

 
  Year Ended December 31,
 
 
  2002
  2001
  2000
 
 
  ($ in thousands)

 
Insurance Companies:                                
  Marine   $ 178,326   40 % $ 108,228   39 % $ 81,664   44 %
  General Liability     115,626   26     55,135   20     28,360   15  
  Professional Liability     23,430   5     694          
  Surety     58                
  Onshore Energy     579       (403 )     82    
  Other     4,120   1     5,241   2     762    
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Gross Written Premium     322,139   72     168,895   61     110,868   59  
         
       
       
 
    Ceded Written Premium     (138,707 )       (74,461 )       (59,075 )    
   
     
     
     
    Net Written Premium     183,432         94,434         51,793      
   
     
     
     

Lloyd's Operations:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
  Marine     116,231   26     105,212   38     76,101   40  
  Engineering and Construction     5,477   1     2,517   1     936   1  
  Onshore Energy     3,991   1     1,570       520    
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Gross Written Premium     125,699   28     109,299   39     77,557   41  
         
       
       
 
    Ceded Written Premium     (38,352 )       (31,198 )       (21,257 )    
   
     
     
     
    Net Written Premium     87,347         78,101         56,300      
   
     
     
     
      Total Gross Written Premium     447,838   100 %   278,194   100 %   188,425   100 %
         
       
       
 
      Total Ceded Written Premium     (177,059 )       (105,659 )       (80,332 )    
   
     
     
     
      Total Net Written Premium   $ 270,779       $ 172,535       $ 108,093      
   
     
     
     

        Marine Premium.    The 2002 and 2001 marine premium increased 64.8% and 32.5%, respectively, due to the increase in premium rates resulting in higher premiums on new and renewal business. The improved pricing environment resulted in Navigators Insurance Company increasing its writing of new business. The increased premium in 2002 of $70.1 million resulted from $49.2 million of new business and $20.9 million from rate increases which averaged 21%. Navigators Insurance Company obtains its marine business through participation in the marine pool managed by the Navigators Agencies. Its participation in the marine pool was 75% in 2002, 2001 and 2000.

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        General Liability Premium.    The general liability premium increased 109.7% from 2001 to 2002 and 94.4% from 2000 to 2001 due to increased rates and underwriting new policies in this line. The increased premium in 2002 of $60.5 million resulted from $48.9 million of new business and $11.6 million of rate increases which averaged 30%. The new business and the rate increases resulted from a tightening market for California contractors' liability insurance and expansion of the artisan business.

        Professional Liability Insurance.    In late 2001, our insurance company subsidiaries began to write professional liability insurance, primarily consisting of directors and officers liability insurance for privately held and publicly traded corporations. More recently, the professional liability business has been expanded to include errors and omissions insurance and employment practices liability coverages.

        Surety.    In late 2002, Navigators Insurance Company began to write surety business which consists of bonds guaranteeing the performance of a specific obligation. Our focus is on providing bid and performance bonds to small contractors requiring contract bonds for projects of $2.0 million or less.

        Onshore Energy.    During 2002, Navigators Insurance Company participated in the onshore energy business written by Syndicate 1221. The business principally focuses on the oil and gas, chemical and petrochemical industries with coverages primarily for property damage and business interruption.

        For a discussion of how our Lloyd's Syndicate 1221 operates, as well as a discussion of how Lloyd's syndicates operate generally, see "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Results of Operations—Six Months Ended June 30, 2003 Compared to Six Months Ended June 30, 2002—Lloyd's Operations' Gross Written Premium."

        Marine Premium.    In 2002, marine premium increased 10.5% from 2001 partially due to the increase in premium rates resulting in higher premiums on renewal and new business and due to the capacity provided to Syndicate 1221 by Navigators Corporate Underwriters Ltd. and Millennium Underwriting Ltd. increasing from 67.4% in 2001 to 68.1% in 2002. The higher premium rates, averaging approximately 26%, made the business more attractive resulting in the Lloyd's operations increasing its writings of new business. The increased premium volume in 2001 compared to 2000 was also due to the increase in premium rates and to the capacity provided to Syndicate 1221 by Navigators Corporate Underwriters Ltd. and Millennium Underwriting Ltd. increasing from 64.5% in 2000 to 67.4% in 2001.

        Engineering and Construction Premium.    The business consists of coverage for construction projects including machinery, equipment and loss of use due to delays. The increases in the gross written premium in 2002 and 2001 were due primarily to new business.

        Onshore Energy.    The business principally focuses on the oil and gas, chemical and petrochemical industries with coverages primarily for property damage and business interruption. The increases in the gross written premium in 2002 and 2001 were due to new business and rate increases. The 2002 increase was approximately 50% new business and 50% rate increases.

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        Ceded Written Premium.    In the ordinary course of business, we reinsure certain insurance risks with unaffiliated insurance companies for the purpose of limiting our maximum loss exposure, protecting against catastrophic losses, and maintaining desired ratios of net premiums written to statutory surplus. The relationship of ceded premium to gross written premium varies based upon the types of business written and whether the business is written by our insurance company subsidiaries or the Lloyd's operations. The amount of ceded premium in 2002 increased over 2001 due to the increase in gross written premium and the increase in reinsurance rates in 2002. The percentage of the Lloyd's operations' ceded premium increased from 28.5% in 2001 to 30.5% in 2002 due to additional quota share reinsurance. The percentage of our insurance company subsidiaries' premium which was ceded decreased from 44.1% in 2001 to 43.1% in 2002 primarily due to the increase in the general liability insurance premium, of which our insurance company subsidiaries retain more of the premium than in the other lines of business. The increase in ceded premium in the Lloyd's operations from 27.4% in 2000 to 28.5% in 2001 was due to slightly higher reinsurance rates. Our insurance company subsidiaries' percentage of ceded premium decreased from 53.3% in 2000 to 44.1% in 2001 primarily due to the increase in the general liability insurance line.

        Net Written Premium.    Net written premium increased 56.9% from 2001 to 2002 due to the increase in the gross written premium partially offset by the increase in the percentage of ceded premium from 38.0% in 2001 to 39.5% in 2002. Net written premium increased 59.6% from 2000 to 2001 primarily due to the increase in the gross written premium and the decrease in the percentage of premium ceded.

        Net Earned Premium.    Net earned premium increased due to the increase in the net written premium.

        Commission Income.    The increases in commission income from 2001 to 2002 of 13.9% and from 2000 to 2001 of 11.9% were due to the increase in marine premium for which we receive commission from unaffiliated insurers.

        Net Investment Income.    Net investment income decreased 6.7% in 2002 from the previous year due to lower interest rates during 2002 partially offset by increased invested assets. Investment income increased 4.9% during 2001 from 2000 primarily due to an increase in investment income allocated to Navigators Corporate Underwriters Ltd. and Millennium Underwriting Ltd. from the investments at the Lloyd's syndicates due to their increased participation in Syndicate 1221, reduction in our insurance company subsidiaries' municipal portfolio, reduction in the expenses to manage the portfolio and the increase in the size of the portfolio. See the "Business—Investments" section, included in this prospectus, for additional information regarding our net investment income.

        Net Realized Capital Gains.    Pre-tax net income included $1,668,000 of net realized capital gains for 2002 compared to $790,000 for 2001 and $265,000 for 2000. On an after-tax basis, the net realized capital gains were $0.14 per share, $0.09 per share and $0.02 per share for 2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively. The 2002 and 2001 net realized capital gains include $2,905,000 and $1,618,000 of impairment losses recorded on three of our asset-backed securities, respectively.

        Other Income/(Expense).    Other income/(expense) for 2002 consisted primarily of foreign exchange gains and inspection fees related to the general liability insurance business. Other income/(expense) for 2001 consists primarily of a $3,800,000 charge related to our former investment in Riverside Corporate Underwriters, Ltd., a Lloyd's corporate name. Lloyd's informed us in 2001 that it was liable for part of the adverse development in the Lloyd's syndicates in which Riverside Corporate Underwriters, Ltd. provided capacity in 1999 and 1998. We had provided a letter of credit to Riverside Corporate Underwriters, Ltd. in order for Riverside Corporate Underwriters, Ltd. to participate on various Lloyd's syndicates. We believe that we have no further exposure to Riverside Corporate Underwriters, Ltd.

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        Net Losses and Loss Adjustment Expenses Incurred.    The ratio of net loss and loss adjustment expenses incurred to net earned premium was 63.4%, 70.7% and 64.8% in 2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively. The decrease in the loss ratio from 2002 to 2001 was primarily due to the losses resulting from approximately $4.1 million of net losses related to the World Trade Center attack, accounting for 2.7 points of the 2001 loss ratio, and from approximately $1.9 million of net losses resulting from one large offshore energy claim (Petrobras) in the first quarter of 2001, accounting for 1.3 points of the 2001 loss ratio. Gross losses resulting from the terrorist attack were $17.6 million with the ceded portion of the losses reinsured by highly rated reinsurers. In October 2001, $8.1 million of the losses were paid and fully recovered from the reinsurers. The increase in the 2001 loss ratio compared to 2000 was primarily due to the 2001 losses described above. We do not discount any of our loss reserves.

        The following table sets forth our net loss reserves by segment and line of insurance business as of the date indicated:

 
  As of December 31,
 
  2002
  2001
  2000
 
  ($ in thousands)

Insurance Companies:                  
  Marine   $ 73,521   $ 57,563   $ 56,932
  General Liability     64,949     35,812     24,728
  Professional Liability     1,240     3    
  Surety     7        
  Onshore Energy     3,282     2,564     5,452
  Other (reserves on run-off business)     23,408     26,573     27,963
   
 
 
    Total Insurance Companies     166,407     122,515     115,075
   
 
 

Lloyd's Operations:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
  Marine     97,018     79,879     59,674
  Engineering and Construction     726     229     86
  Onshore Energy     496     136     48
   
 
 
    Total Lloyd's Operations     98,240     80,244     59,808
   
 
 
      Total Net Loss Reserves   $ 264,647   $ 202,759   $ 174,883
   
 
 

        There are a number of factors that could cause actual losses and loss adjustment expenses to differ materially from the amount that we have reserved for losses and loss adjustment expenses. Our loss reserves include amounts related to short tail and long tail classes of business. Short tail business means that claims are generally reported quickly upon occurrence of an event, making estimation of loss reserves less complex. Our longer tail business includes general liability and professional liability insurance. For the long tail lines, significant periods of time, ranging up to several years or more, may elapse between the occurrence of the loss, the reporting of the loss and the settlement of the claim. The longer the time span between the incidence of a loss and the settlement of the claim, the more likely the ultimate settlement amount can vary. For the long tail liability classes, a relatively small proportion of net losses in the more recent accident years are reported claims and an even smaller proportion are paid losses. Therefore, a relatively large proportion of our net losses for these classes are reserves for IBNR losses. In fact, approximately 76% of our construction liability net loss reserves at December 31, 2002 were for IBNR. Virtually all of the professional liability net loss reserves at December 31, 2002 were for IBNR. Where anticipated loss experience is less predictable because of the small number of claims and/or erratic claim severity patterns, our loss estimates are based on expected losses, actual reported losses, evaluation of loss trends, and the legal, regulatory and current risk

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environment. The expected ultimate losses are adjusted as the accident years mature. As of December 31, 2002, there were 495 open claims for construction defect liability insurance and seven open claims for professional liability coverage.

        The increases in the loss reserves for the marine and general liability insurance were primarily due to the reserves on the increased premium volume. We started writing professional liability insurance in late 2001.

        Commission Expense.    Commission expense as a percentage of net earned premium was 20.9%, 20.7% and 20.6% for 2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively. The same ratios without the reinsurance to close premium were 21.1%, 21.3% and 22.5% in 2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively. The 2002 and 2001 commission expense ratios were similar. The decrease in the 2001 commission expense ratio compared to 2000 was primarily due to the increase in our insurance company subsidiaries' net earned premium for the marine business. The reinsurance to close premium increased earned premium but did not change the commission expense, therefore the ratio of commission expense to earned premium decreased.

        Other Operating Expenses.    The increases in other operating expenses of 44.4% in 2002 and 8.8% in 2001 were primarily employee-related expenses resulting from expansion of the business as discussed under the "Revenues" section included in this prospectus.

        Interest Expense.    The decreases in interest expense in 2002 and 2001 were primarily due to lower interest rates charged on the loan balance and a declining loan balance.

        Income Taxes.    The income tax expense was $5.8 million, $1.7 million and $3.3 million for 2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively. The effective tax rates for 2002, 2001 and 2000 were 26.2%, 31.6% and 32.0%, respectively. We had alternative minimum tax carryforwards of $1.0 million, $3.9 million and $5.3 million at December 31, 2002, 2001, and 2000, respectively. The alternative minimum tax carryforwards were primarily attributable to the tax benefits from municipal bond interest.

        As of December 31, 2002 and 2001, the net deferred Federal, foreign, state and local tax assets were $6.5 million and $10.0 million, respectively. At December 31, 2002, we had a $6.7 million valuation allowance against our deferred tax assets compared to a $7.3 million valuation allowance at December 31, 2001. The valuation allowance has been maintained because of the uncertainty associated with the realization of the deferred tax asset for the carryforward of operating losses from certain of our foreign, state and local operations. Even though our foreign operations were profitable in 2002, the valuation allowance was released only to the extent of the 2002 profits since future profitability remains uncertain. We will continue to evaluate the valuation allowance based on the results of our foreign, state and local operations.

        Net Income.    We had net income of $16.4 million in 2002, $3.7 million in 2001 and $7.0 million in 2000. The increase in net income from 2001 to 2002 was primarily due to overall improved profitability in the insurance operations. The decrease in net income from 2000 to 2001 was primarily due to the losses resulting from the World Trade Center attack.

Investments

        For a discussion of our investments, see "Business—Investments" included in this prospectus.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

        Cash flow provided by operations was $108.5 million, $41.3 million and $20.1 million for 2002, 2001, and 2000, respectively. The increases in the 2002 and 2001 operating cash flows were primarily due to the increases in net written premium. Cash flow provided by operations was $65,550,000 and $47,788,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2003 and 2002, respectively, primarily due to increases in

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net written premium. Operating cash flow was used primarily to acquire additional investment assets and to reduce debt.

        Invested assets and cash increased to $519.4 million at June 30, 2003 from $452.9 million at December 31, 2002 and $333.1 million at December 31, 2001. The increase was primarily due to the positive cash flow. Net investment income was $9.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2003, $18.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2002, $19.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2001 and $18.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2000. The average yield of the portfolio, excluding net realized capital gains, was 4.78% in 2002, 6.14% in 2001 and 6.55% in 2000 reflecting the prevailing interest rates during those years. As of December 31, 2002 and June 30, 2003, all fixed maturity securities and equity securities held by us were classified as available-for-sale.

        At June 30, 2003, the average rating of our fixed maturity investments was "AA" by Standard & Poor's and "Aa" by Moody's. We believe that we have no significant exposure to credit risk since the fixed maturity investment portfolio consists of investment-grade bonds. At June 30, 2003, our portfolio had an average maturity of 4.9 years and a duration of 3.6 years. Management continually monitors the composition and cash flow of the investment portfolio in order to maintain the appropriate levels of liquidity to ensure our ability to satisfy claims. We incurred impairment losses of $2.9 million in 2002 and $1.6 million in 2001 on asset-backed securities.

        We have a credit facility provided through a consortium of banks. The credit facility provides for an $11.0 million revolving line of credit facility, which will reduce by an additional $2.0 million in 2003, and $9.0 million in 2004, until it terminates on November 19, 2004, and a $55.0 million letter of credit facility. At June 30, 2003, $11.0 million in loans were outstanding under the revolving credit portion of the credit facility at an interest rate of 2.4%. The letter of credit facility is utilized primarily by Navigators Corporate Underwriters Ltd. and Millennium Underwriting Ltd. for our participation in Lloyd's Syndicate 1221. The credit facility agreement requires that the banks vote by November 19th of each year whether or not to renew the letter of credit portion of the facility. If the banks decide not to renew the letter of credit portion of the facility, we will need to find other sources to provide the letters of credit or other collateral in order to continue our participation in Syndicate 1221. At June 30, 2003, letters of credit with an aggregate face amount of $54.8 million were issued under the letter of credit facility. We intend to use some of the proceeds from the sale of our common stock in this offering to repay the full amount of indebtedness outstanding under the revolving credit portion of the credit facility.

        The bank credit facility is collateralized by the common stock of Navigators Insurance Company. It contains covenants common to transactions of this type, including restrictions on indebtedness and liens, limitations on mergers and the sale of assets, maintaining certain consolidated tangible net worth, statutory surplus and other financial ratios. At June 30, 2003, we were in compliance with all covenants.

        At June 30, 2003, our consolidated stockholders' equity was $187.1 million compared to $171.3 million at December 31, 2002. The increase was primarily due to the net income for the six months ended June 30, 2003 and the increase in the unrealized gains in the investment portfolio.

        We had annual rental commitments at June 30, 2003 under various noncancellable operating leases for our office facilities, which expire at various dates through 2013. The commitments by year are $2.1 million for 2003, $2.2 million for 2004, $2.1 million for 2005, $2.0 million for 2006 and $5.7 million for 2007 and beyond.

        Our reinsurance has been placed with various U.S. and foreign insurance companies and with selected syndicates at Lloyd's. Pursuant to the implementation of Lloyd's Plan of Reconstruction and Renewal, a portion of our recoverables are now reinsured by Equitas (a separate United Kingdom authorized reinsurance company established to reinsure outstanding liabilities of all Lloyd's members for all risks written in the 1992 or prior years of account).

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        We rely upon dividends from our subsidiaries to meet our holding company obligations. The dividends have historically come primarily from Navigators Insurance Company. At December 31, 2002, the maximum amount available for the payment of dividends by Navigators Insurance Company during 2003 without prior regulatory approval was $12,854,000. During the first six months of 2003, Navigators Insurance Company paid dividends of $6,000,000 to us.

        We believe that the cash flow generated by the operating activities of our subsidiaries will provide sufficient funds for us to meet our liquidity needs over the next twelve months. Beyond the next twelve months, cash flow available to us may be influenced by a variety of factors, including general economic conditions and conditions in the insurance and reinsurance markets, as well as fluctuations from year to year in claims experience.

Economic Conditions

        We are a specialty insurance company and periods of moderate economic recession or inflation tend not to have a significant direct affect on our underwriting operations. They do, however, impact our investment portfolio. A decrease in interest rates will tend to decrease our yield and have a positive effect on the fair value of our invested assets. An increase in interest rates will tend to increase our yield and have a negative effect on the fair value of our invested assets.

        Our management considers the potential impact of these economic trends in estimating loss reserves. Our management believes that the underwriting controls it maintains, and the fact that a significant amount of our business is in lines of insurance which have relatively short loss payout patterns, assist in estimating ultimate claim costs more reasonably and lessen the potential adverse impact of the economy on us.

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

        Market risk is the risk of loss arising from adverse changes in market rates and prices, such as interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates, and other relevant market rate or price changes. Market risk is directly influenced by the volatility and liquidity in the markets in which the related underlying assets are traded. The following is a discussion of our primary market risk exposures and how those exposures are currently managed as of December 31, 2002. Our market risk sensitive instruments are entered into for purposes other than trading.

        The carrying value of our investment portfolio as of December 31, 2002 was $452.9 million of which 80.9% was invested in fixed-maturity securities. The primary market risk to the investment portfolio is interest rate risk associated with investments in fixed-maturity securities. Our exposure to equity price risk and foreign exchange risk is not significant. We have no commodity risk.

        For fixed maturity securities, short-term liquidity needs and the potential liquidity needs of the business are key factors in managing the portfolio. The portfolio duration relative to the liabilities' duration is primarily managed through investment transactions.

        There were no significant changes regarding the investment portfolio in our primary market risk exposures or in how those exposures were managed between the year ended December 31, 2002 and the year ended December 31, 2001, other than the impairment losses of $2.9 million in 2002 and $1.6 million in 2001 recorded on three of our asset-backed securities. There have been no significant changes in our primary market risk exposures or how those exposures are managed from December 31, 2002 through June 30, 2003. We do not currently anticipate significant changes in our primary market risk exposures or in how those exposures are managed in future reporting periods based upon what is known or expected to be in effect in future reporting periods.

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        We are subject to interest rate risk on our notes payable to banks as changes in interest rates would impact future earnings; however, this interest rate risk exposure is not considered significant.

        Sensitivity analysis is defined as the measurement of potential loss in future earnings, fair values or cash flows of market sensitive instruments resulting from one or more selected hypothetical changes in interest rates and other market rates or prices over a selected time. In our sensitivity analysis model, a hypothetical change in market rates is selected that is expected to reflect reasonably possible near-term changes in those rates. The term "near-term" means a period of time going forward up to one year from the date of the consolidated financial statements. Actual results may differ from the hypothetical change in market rates assumed in this disclosure, especially since this sensitivity analysis does not reflect the results of any actions that would be taken by us to mitigate such hypothetical losses in fair value.

        In this sensitivity analysis model, we use fair values to measure our potential loss. The sensitivity analysis model includes fixed maturities and short-term investments. The primary market risk to our market-sensitive instruments is interest rate risk. The sensitivity analysis model uses a 100 basis point change in interest rates to measure the hypothetical change in fair value of financial instruments included in the model.

        For invested assets, modified duration modeling is used to calculate changes in fair values. Durations on invested assets are adjusted for call, put and interest rate reset features. Duration on tax-exempt securities is adjusted for the fact that the yield on such securities is less sensitive to changes in interest rates compared to Treasury securities. Invested asset portfolio durations are calculated on a market value weighted basis, including accrued investment income, using holdings as of December 31, 2002.

        The sensitivity analysis model used by us produces a loss in fair value of market-sensitive instruments of $16.0 million based on a 100 basis point increase in interest rates as of December 31, 2002. This loss amount only reflects the impact of an interest rate increase on the fair value of our fixed maturities and short-term investments, which constitute approximately 46.6% of total assets as of December 31, 2002. The loss in fair value of market-sensitive instruments, as a result of a 100 basis point increase in interest rates as of December 31, 2002, is not material.

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BUSINESS

General

        We are an international insurance holding company focusing on specialty products for niches within the overall property/casualty insurance market. Our largest product line and most long-standing area of specialization is ocean marine insurance. We have also developed specialty niches in general liability and in professional liability insurance. We base our strategy of developing specialty niches of business on the presence of what we perceive to be market opportunities for insurance products, our access to appropriately experienced personnel to manage a particular niche business and our estimation of the likelihood of that niche business producing profitable results. We believe that our focused market expertise and experience, together with our history of disciplined underwriting and prudent capital management, differentiate us from our competitors and provide us with the opportunity to achieve strong operating earnings growth. We conduct our insurance operations through Navigators Insurance Company and NIC Insurance Company and the Navigators Agencies. In addition to business that we underwrite in our insurance company subsidiaries, we also participate in the Lloyd's of London market, primarily through our ownership of NUAL which manages the Lloyd's Syndicate 1221.

        We have chosen to operate in specialty niches with certain common characteristics which we believe provide us with the opportunity to use our technical underwriting expertise in order to realize underwriting profit. As a result, we have focused on underserved markets for businesses characterized by higher severity and low frequency of loss where we believe our intellectual capital and financial strength bring meaningful value. In contrast, we have avoided niches that we believe have a high frequency of loss activity and/or are subject to a high level of regulatory coverage requirements, such as workers compensation and personal automobile insurance, because we do not believe our technical expertise is of as much value in these types of businesses. Examples of niches that have the characteristics we look for include bluewater hull (which provides coverage for physical damage to, for example, highly valued cruise ships) and directors and officers liability (which covers litigation exposure of a corporation's directors and officers). These types of exposures require substantial technical expertise. We attempt to mitigate the financial impact of severe claims on our results by conservative and detailed underwriting, prudent use of reinsurance and a balanced portfolio of risks.

Marine Insurance

        Our marine insurance business is conducted both through our insurance company subsidiaries and through our Lloyd's operations. Navigators Insurance Company obtains marine business through participation with four other unaffiliated insurers in a marine insurance pool managed by the Navigators Agencies. Navigators Insurance Company has participated in this marine insurance pool since 1983, when the company was formed. The composition of the pool and the level of participation of each member changes from time to time. Navigators Insurance Company's net participation in the marine pool for 2002, 2001 and 2000 was 75%. Navigators Insurance Company currently has a 70% participation in the marine pool for 2003. Pending regulatory approval by the New York Insurance Department of a commutation agreement with one of the pool members, Navigators Insurance Company expects to increase its 2003 participation in the pool to 80%. If the commutation is consummated, Somerset Insurance Limited, a Bermuda corporation of which Mr. Deeks and a member of his family own in the aggregate 98% of the outstanding voting stock, will continue to reinsure the portion of the amount being commuted that it previously reinsured, which will constitute approximately 3.1% of Navigators Insurance Company's participation in the pool for the 2003 underwriting year. The Navigators Agencies generally receive commissions equal to 7.5% of the gross premium earned on marine insurance and are entitled to receive a 20% profit commission on the net underwriting profits of the pool.

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        Within our insurance company subsidiaries' ocean marine business, there are a number of different product lines. The largest is marine liability, which protects business from liability to third parties for bodily injury or property damage stemming from their marine-related operations, such as terminals, marinas and stevedoring. Another significant product line is bluewater hull, which provides coverage to the owners of ocean-going vessels against physical damage to the vessels. We typically do not provide third party liability, known as protection and indemnity, to those risks. We also underwrite insurance for harbor craft and other small craft such as fishing vessels, generally providing both physical damage and third party liability coverage. We insure the physical damage to offshore oil platforms along with other offshore operations related to oil exploration and production. We underwrite cargo insurance, which provides coverage for physical damages to goods in the course of transit, whether by water, air or land.

        We participate in the marine and related insurance lines of the Lloyd's market through NUAL, which manages Lloyd's Syndicate 1221. The majority of Lloyd's Syndicate 1221's capacity is provided by Millennium Underwriting Ltd. and Navigators Corporate Underwriters Ltd., which are wholly owned subsidiaries of NUAL. We provide 97.4% and provided 68.1% of Syndicate 1221's capacity for the 2003 and 2002 underwriting years, respectively. In 2003, we are providing a larger percentage of the gross capacity and are reinsuring 15.4% of Syndicate 1221's capacity through the utilization of quota share reinsurance agreements with third parties who provide letters of credit used as collateral at Lloyd's. Our share of the premiums, losses and expenses from Lloyd's Syndicate 1221 are included in our consolidated results. The largest product line within our Lloyd's marine business is currently cargo, and the other primary lines include marine liability, offshore energy, bluewater hull, and assumed reinsurance of other marine insurers on an excess of loss basis. We have also developed a regional agency operation, Pennine Underwriting Limited, that generates cargo and engineering business in the Manchester and Leeds areas of the United Kingdom that are not traditionally served by Lloyd's of London.

General Liability

        Navigators Specialty, a division of one of the Navigators Agencies which was acquired in 1999, writes general liability insurance focusing on small general and artisan contractors and other targeted commercial risks, mostly in California. We have developed underwriting and claims expertise in this niche which we believe has allowed us to minimize our exposure to many of the large losses sustained in the past several years by other insurers, including losses stemming from coverages provided to larger contractors who work on condominiums, cooperative developments and other large housing developments. Many former competitors that lacked the expertise to selectively underwrite in this niche have been forced to withdraw from the market in the past several years, at a time when demand for coverage has remained, giving us the opportunity to selectively expand our underwriting in this area. As part of assessing the profit potential of the various lines of our business, as well as the overall amount of business that we are prepared to write in this specific line, in early 2003 we began to reduce the number of policies covering small artisan contractors, and to redirect our capacity to general contractors as well as to medium-sized artisan contractors. This shift in our business mix is consistent with our approach of emphasizing underwriting profit over market share.

Professional Liability

        We commenced underwriting professional liability insurance in the fourth quarter of 2001 after attracting a team of experienced professionals. We believe that a compelling market opportunity exists in this line due to public perception of diminished stockholder value resulting from numerous high profile financial and accounting scandals that have resulted in earnings restatements. This has resulted in increased class action litigation activity involving potential large losses related to alleged mismanagement by directors and officers. Our principal product in this business is directors and

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officers liability, which we offer for both privately held and small to mid-size publicly traded corporations. With respect to public corporations, we currently target corporations with a market capitalization of $2 billion or less for this business. In addition, we provide fiduciary liability and crime insurance to our directors and officers liability clients. In 2002, we began offering employment practices liability, lawyers professional liability and miscellaneous professional liability coverages. Our current target market for lawyers professional liability is law firms comprised of 75 or fewer attorneys. This business is produced through Navigators Pro, a division of one of the Navigators Agencies.

Surety

        Beginning in late 2002, we began producing surety business from our Midwest office. Surety bonds guarantee the performance of a specific contractual or statutory obligation, such as completion of a contractor's work on a publicly funded project. Our surety focus is on providing bid and performance bonds for small to medium contractors, generally requiring bonds for individual projects of $2 million or less. In addition, we write bonds to guarantee obligations outside of the construction industry, such as travel agents bonds, property brokers bonds, notary bonds and other miscellaneous and license and permit bonds. We have hired a group of experienced surety underwriters in our Midwest office who focus exclusively on this business. We expect to further expand our capabilities in this line over time.

Engineering and Construction

        The Lloyd's operations write engineering and construction business consisting of coverage for construction projects including damage to machinery and equipment and loss of use due to delays. We believe this coverage, together with the cargo coverage provided through our Lloyd's operations marine business, provides our policyholders with risk management protection for key exposures throughout a project's construction and operation.

Onshore Energy

        The Lloyd's operations also write onshore energy insurance which principally focuses on the oil and gas, chemical and petrochemical industries with coverages primarily for property damage and business interruption.

Other Property/Casualty Insurance

        In late 2002, we began to write commercial multiple peril and commercial automobile insurance business from our Midwest office. Our commercial multi-peril products include general liability and a small amount of property insurance. We do not underwrite workers compensation coverage. We avoid writing property risks in areas with high exposure to earthquake or windstorm losses, such as California and Florida. In 2002, we also began underwriting personal umbrella insurance. This product is typically purchased by individuals who seek higher limits of liability than are provided in their homeowners or personal automobile policies. When personal umbrella coverage is desired and these two primary coverages are placed with different insurers, there is a need to place the personal umbrella insurance policy on a stand-alone basis.

        We utilize reinsurance principally to reduce our exposure on individual risks, to protect against catastrophic losses, to maintain desired ratios of net premium written to statutory surplus and to stabilize loss ratios.

        Reinsurance does not discharge the original insurer from its primary liability to the policyholder. The ceding company is required to pay the losses even if the assuming company fails to meet its obligations under the reinsurance agreement.

39



        We are protected by various treaty and facultative reinsurance agreements. Our exposure to credit risk from any one reinsurer is managed through diversification by reinsuring with a number of different reinsurers, principally in the United States and European reinsurance markets. To meet our standards of acceptability, when the reinsurance is placed, a reinsurer must have an A.M. Best Company and/or Standard & Poor's rating of "A" or better, or equivalent financial strength if not rated, plus at least $150 million in policyholders' surplus. The list of acceptable reinsurers is reviewed periodically by our reinsurance security committee. The reinsurance is placed either directly by us or through reinsurance intermediaries. The reinsurance intermediaries are compensated by the reinsurers.

        Our reinsurance security committee monitors the financial strength of our reinsurers and the amounts of reinsurance receivables from those reinsurers. A reserve is established for any amounts considered uncollectible. At June 30, 2003, December 31, 2002 and December 31, 2001, we had an allowance for uncollectible reinsurance of $8,892,000, $8,534,000 and $6,905,000, respectively.

        The following table lists our 10 largest reinsurers measured by the amount of reinsurance recoverable for ceded losses, ceded loss adjustment expense and ceded unearned premium (constituting 43.5% of the total recoverable), together with the reinsurance recoverables and collateral (including letters of credit, ceded balances payable and other balances held), at June 30, 2003, and the reinsurers' rating from the indicated rating agency:

Reinsurer

  Reinsurance
Recoverables
(in thousands)

  Collateral Held
(in thousands)

  Rating
  Rating Agency
General Reinsurance Corporation   $ 37,572   $ 11,442   A++   A.M. Best Company
Trenwick America Re Corp. & Subsidiaries(1)   $ 20,858   $ 21,163   NR-4   A.M. Best Company
Swiss Reinsurance America Corporation   $ 17,725   $ 2,982   A++   A.M. Best Company
Folksamerica Reinsurance Company   $ 15,825   $ 0   A   A.M. Best Company
American Re-Insurance Company   $ 14,742   $ 1,103   A+   A.M. Best Company
Employers Mutual Casualty Company   $ 11,176   $ 0   A-   A.M. Best Company
National Liability & Fire Insurance Company   $ 11,085   $ 0   A++   A.M. Best Company
Partner Reinsurance Company of the U.S.   $ 9,680   $ 1,801   A+   A.M. Best Company
New Reinsurance Company   $ 8,368   $ 0   A+   Standard & Poor's
Munich Reinsurance Company   $ 8,074   $ 2,859   A+   Standard & Poor's

(1)
The reinsurance obligations and liabilities of Trenwick American Re Corp. and its subsidiaries, or Trenwick, to Navigators Insurance Company are collateralized through a trust agreement established October 28, 2002. We and Trenwick have entered into a letter agreement under which all those reinsurance obligations and liabilities will be commuted. Approval of this letter agreement is pending with the New York Insurance Department. Under the commutation agreement, it is expected that in addition to a lump-sum transfer of funds from the trust account to Navigators Insurance Company, Trenwick will also assign rights against its reinsurer, including rights in additional trust assets, to Navigators Insurance Company. Although no assurances can be given, it is expected that Trenwick will receive appropriate regulatory approvals for the commutation, and that this transaction shall be protected from subsequent challenge as a preference in a Trenwick bankruptcy or rehabilitation proceeding. The results of the commutation are not expected to have a material impact on our operating results.

40


Reserves

        Insurance companies and Lloyd's syndicates are required to maintain reserves for unpaid losses and unpaid loss adjustment expenses for all lines of business. These reserves are intended to cover the probable ultimate cost of settling all losses incurred and unpaid, including those incurred but not reported. The determination of reserves for losses and loss adjustment expenses for insurance companies such as Navigators Insurance Company and NIC Insurance Company, and Lloyd's corporate members such as Navigators Corporate Underwriters Ltd. and Millennium Underwriting Ltd. is dependent upon the receipt of information from the pools and syndicates in which such companies participate. Generally, there is a lag between the time premiums are written and related losses and loss adjustment expenses are incurred, and the time such events are reported to the pools and syndicates and, subsequently, to Navigators Insurance Company, NIC Insurance Company, Navigators Corporate Underwriters Ltd. and Millennium Underwriting Ltd.

        Reserves are established by our insurance company subsidiaries and Lloyd's Syndicate 1221 for reported claims when notice of the claim is first received. Reserves for such reported claims are established on a case-by-case basis by evaluating several factors, including the type of risk involved, knowledge of the circumstances surrounding such claim, severity of injury or damage, the potential for ultimate exposure, experience with the insured and the broker on the line of business, and the policy provisions relating to the type of claim. Reserves for IBNR are determined in part on the basis of statistical information, in part on industry experience and in part in the judgment of our senior corporate officers.

        Loss reserves are estimates of what the insurer or reinsurer expects to pay on claims, based on facts and circumstances then known. It is possible that the ultimate liability may exceed or be less than such estimates. In setting our loss reserve estimates, we review statistical data covering several years, analyze patterns by line of business and consider several factors including trends in claims frequency and severity, changes in operations, emerging economic and social trends, inflation and changes in the regulatory and litigation environment. Based on this review, we make a best estimate of our ultimate liability. We do not establish a range of loss estimates around the best estimate we use to establish our reserves and loss adjustment expenses. During the loss settlement period, which, in some cases, may last several years, additional facts regarding individual claims may become known and, accordingly, it often becomes necessary to refine and adjust the estimates of liability on a claim upward or downward. Such estimates are regularly reviewed and updated and any resulting adjustments are included in the current year's income statement. Even then, the ultimate liability may exceed or be less than the revised estimates. The reserving process is intended to provide implicit recognition of the impact of inflation and other factors affecting loss payments by taking into account changes in historical payment patterns and perceived probable trends. There is generally no precise method for the subsequent evaluation of the adequacy of the consideration given to inflation, or to any other specific factor, because the eventual deficiency or redundancy of reserves is affected by many factors, some of which are interdependent.

41


        We record those premiums which are reported to us through the end of each calendar year and accrue estimates for amounts where there is a time lag between when the policy is bound and the recording of the policy. A substantial portion of the estimated premiums is from international business where there can be significant time lags. To the extent that the actual premiums vary from estimates, the difference is recorded in current operations. To the extent that reserves are inadequate and are strengthened, the amount of such increase is treated as a charge to earnings in the period in which the deficiency is recognized.

        The following table presents an analysis of losses and loss adjustment expenses for each year in the three-year period ended December 31, 2002:

 
  Year Ended December 31,
 
 
  2002
  2001
  2000
 
 
  ($ in thousands)

 
Net reserves for losses and loss adjustment expenses at beginning of year   $ 202,759   $ 174,883   $ 170,530  
   
 
 
 
Provision for losses and loss adjustment expenses for claims occurring in the current year     134,721     96,664     60,152  
Lloyd's Operations—reinsurance to close     1,641     4,196     7,854  
Increase (decrease) in estimated losses and loss adjustment expenses for claims occurring in prior years     7,038     5,385     (4,994 )
   
 
 
 
Incurred losses and loss adjustment expenses     143,400     106,245     63,012  
   
 
 
 
Losses and loss adjustment expenses payments for claims occurring during:                    
  Current year     (16,727 )   (24,723 )   (15,358 )
  Prior years     (64,785 )   (53,646 )   (43,301 )
   
 
 
 
Losses and loss adjustment expenses payments     (81,512 )   (78,369 )   (58,659 )
   
 
 
 
Net reserves for losses and loss adjustment expenses at end of year     264,647     202,759     174,883  
   
 
 
 
Reinsurance receivables on unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses     224,995     198,418     182,791  
   
 
 
 
Gross reserves for losses and loss adjustment expenses at end of year   $ 489,642   $ 401,177   $ 357,674  
   
 
 
 

        The following table presents the development of the loss and loss adjustment expenses reserves for 1992 through 2002. The line "Net reserves for losses and loss adjustment expenses" reflects the net reserves at the balance sheet date for each of the indicated years and represents the estimated amount of losses and loss adjustment expenses arising in all prior years that are unpaid at the balance sheet date. The "Reserves re-estimated" lines of the table reflect the re-estimated amount of the previously recorded reserves based on experience as of the end of each succeeding year. The estimate changes as more information becomes known about the frequency and severity of claims for individual years. The "Cumulative redundancy (deficiency)" lines of the table reflect the cumulative amounts developed as of successive years with respect to the aforementioned reserve liability. The cumulative redundancy or deficiency represents the aggregate change in the estimates over all prior years.

        The table allocates losses and loss adjustment expenses reported and recorded in subsequent years to all prior years starting with the year in which the loss was incurred. For example, assume that a loss occurred in 1994 and was not reported until 1996, the amount of such loss will appear as a deficiency in both 1994 and 1995. Conditions and trends that have affected development of the liability in the past may not necessarily occur in the future. Accordingly, it may not be appropriate to extrapolate future redundancies or deficiencies based on the table.

42



        As part of our risk management process, we purchase reinsurance to limit our liability on individual risks and to protect against catastrophic loss. We purchase both quota share reinsurance and excess of loss reinsurance. Quota share reinsurance is often utilized on the lower layers of risk and excess of loss reinsurance is used above the quota share reinsurance to limit our net retention per risk. Net retention means the amount of losses that we keep for our own account. Once our initial reserve is established and our net retention is exceeded, any adverse development will directly affect the gross loss reserve, but would generally have no impact on our net retained loss. Generally our limits of exposure are known with greater certainty when estimating our net loss versus our gross loss. This situation tends to create greater volatility in the deficiencies and redundancies of the gross reserves as compared to the net reserves.

 
  Year Ended December 31,
 
  1992
  1993
  1994
  1995
  1996
  1997
  1998
  1999
  2000
  2001
  2002
 
  ($ in thousands)

Net reserves for losses and loss adjustment expenses   $ 89,361   $ 103,176   $ 135,377   $ 138,761   $ 132,558   $ 139,841   $ 150,517   $ 170,530   $ 174,883   $ 202,759   $ 264,647
Reserves for losses and loss adjustment expenses re-estimated as of:                                                                  
  One year later     94,785     104,306     142,400     136,309     131,524     136,458     159,897     165,536     180,268     209,797      
  Two years later     98,062     102,831     139,139     134,324     127,901     138,991     149,741     160,096     183,344            
  Three years later     98,338     101,537     138,155     131,658     126,457     129,592     142,229     156,322                  
  Four years later     97,257     100,432     135,482     131,018     117,388     123,038     138,495                        
  Five years later     96,889     98,805     134,197     122,845     113,078     121,208                              
  Six years later     96,358     97,740     129,213     119,453     108,720                                    
  Seven years later     94,457     93,812     126,537     116,398                                          
  Eight years later     93,578     92,568     124,491                                                
  Nine years later     93,192     91,444                                                      
  Ten years later     93,165                                                            
  Net cumulative redundancy (deficiency)     (3,804 )   11,732     10,886     22,363     23,838     18,633     12,022     14,208     (8,461 )   (7,038 )    

Net cumulative paid as of:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
  One year later     37,998     32,700     47,187     39,741     32,416     41,798     38,976     43,301     53,646     64,785      
  Two years later     54,552     53,603     69,960     59,397     59,796     64,301     63,400     71,535     91,352            
  Three years later     65,997     62,769     83,921     78,821     71,420     74,588     79,218     88,570                  
  Four years later     72,063     69,356     97,499     87,876     77,593     81,480     89,913                        
  Five years later     75,864     75,534     104,454     92,189     81,468     89,066                              
  Six years later     80,193     80,308     107,469     95,313     85,823                                    
  Seven years later     84,132     81,584     109,066     98,497                                          
  Eight years later     85,010     82,435     111,346                                                
  Nine years later     85,648     83,507                                                      
  Ten years later     86,643                                                            
Gross liability-end of year     224,191     247,346     314,898     273,854     269,601     278,432     342,444     391,094     357,674     401,177     489,642
Reinsurance recoverable     134,830     144,170     179,521     135,093     137,043     138,591     191,927     220,564     182,791     198,418     224,995
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net liability-end of year     89,361     103,176     135,377     138,761     132,558     139,841     150,517     170,530     174,883     202,759     264,647
Gross re-estimated latest     281,747     260,724     341,818     285,685     275,514     296,095     346,283     380,629     391,828     413,806      
Re-estimated recoverable latest     188,582     169,280     217,327     169,287     166,794     174,887     207,788     224,307     208,484     204,009      
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
Net re-estimated latest     93,165     91,444     124,491     116,398     108,720     121,208     138,495     156,322     183,344     209,797      
Gross cumulative redundancy (deficiency)     (57,556 )   (13,378 )   (26,920 )   (11,831 )   (5,913 )   (17,663 )   (3,839 )   10,465     (34,154 )   (12,629 )    

        As indicated above, we had a net cumulative redundancy in seven of the last ten years, meaning our initial net reserve estimates for each of those years have not been increased in the aggregate upon re-estimation in subsequent calendar years. We have, however, experienced a net cumulative deficiency in three years as well as gross cumulative deficiencies in nine of the ten years. The net cumulative

43



deficiency for the year ended December 31, 1992 resulted from adverse development in certain lines of business. The 1992 and 1993 gross cumulative deficiencies resulted primarily from the 1989 Exxon Valdez loss. The gross cumulative deficiencies for 1994 and 1995 resulted primarily from the 1994 Northridge Earthquake loss, the 1989 Exxon Valdez loss and a large marine liability claim reported in 1999 affecting years 1994 through 1998. The 1996 gross cumulative deficiency resulted from adverse development in several lines of business. The 1997 gross cumulative deficiency resulted from adverse development in the onshore energy business and from one large 1989 claim from a run-off book of business which also adversely affected years prior to 1997. The gross deficiency in 1998 resulted from the two marine liability claims mentioned, a large energy claim incurred in 1998 and reported in 1999 and reserve strengthening in our Lloyd's operations. The 2000 gross and net adverse development resulted from our Lloyd's operations establishing reserves against premiums from prior years' which were received in excess of our original premium estimates and strengthening the Lloyd's reserves related to the 1999 underwriting year. The net reserve deficiency for the 2001 year resulted primarily from adverse development in the general liability line of business. The gross deficiency in the 2001 year resulted primarily from the adverse development in the general liability and marine lines of business. The adverse development on our gross reserves has been mostly reinsured through excess of loss reinsurance treaties. As a result of these reinsurance arrangements, while our gross losses and related reserve deficiencies and redundancies are very sensitive to adverse developments such as those described above, our net losses and related reserve deficiencies and redundancies tend to be less sensitive to such developments.

        We have a small amount of historical claims for asbestos and environmental exposures through our marine business and claims relating to our run-off businesses. We believe that we have minimal exposure to asbestos and environmental claims because our participation on those risks is in the higher excess layers, we are one of many insurers who participate in the defense and ultimate settlement of these claims, we are generally a minor participant in the overall insurance coverage and settlement and most of our policies were issued with exclusions that may preclude asbestos and environmental coverage. For additional discussion of our net loss reserves and loss adjustment expenses incurred, especially with respect to our longer tail lines of business, see "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Results of Operations—Six Months Ended June 30, 2003 Compared to Six Months Ended June 30, 2002—Operating Expenses—Net Losses and LAE Incurred" and "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Results of Operations—Year Ended December 31, 2002 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2001 and Year Ended December 31, 2000—Operating Expenses—Net Losses and LAE Incurred" included in this prospectus.

        Our management believes that the reserves for losses and loss adjustment expenses are adequate to cover the ultimate cost of losses and loss adjustment expenses on reported and unreported claims.

Investments

        The investments of our insurance company subsidiaries must comply with the insurance laws of New York State, the domiciliary state of Navigators Insurance Company and NIC Insurance Company. These laws prescribe the type, quality and concentration of investments which may be made by insurance companies. In general, these laws permit investments, within specified limits and subject to certain qualifications, in federal, state and municipal obligations, corporate bonds, preferred stocks, common stocks, real estate mortgages and real estate. Our insurance company subsidiaries' investment guidelines prohibit investments in derivatives other than as a hedge against a foreign currency.

44


        Our insurance company subsidiaries' investments are subject to the direction and control of their respective boards of directors and our finance committee, and are reviewed on a quarterly basis. The investments are managed by outside professional fixed-income and equity portfolio managers. Current investment objectives are to maximize annual after-tax income in the context of preserving and enhancing capital and statutory surplus. The insurance company subsidiaries seek to attain these objectives by investing in municipal bonds, U.S. Government obligations, corporate bonds and mortgage- and asset-backed securities and common stocks. Our insurance company subsidiaries' investment guidelines require that at least 90% of the fixed-income portfolio be rated "A-" or better by a nationally recognized rating organization. Up to 25% of the total portfolio may be invested in equity securities that are actively traded on major U.S. stock exchanges.

        The Lloyd's operations' investments are subject to the direction and control of the board of directors and the investment committee of NUAL, as well as our finance committee, and represent our share of the investments held by Syndicate 1221. These investments must comply with the rules and regulations imposed by Lloyd's of London and by certain overseas regulators. The investments are managed by outside professional fixed-income portfolio managers. The performance of the investment managers is reviewed quarterly. Current investment objectives are to maximize pre-tax income in the context of preserving and enhancing capital. The investment managers for Syndicate 1221 seek to attain these objectives by investing in government obligations, corporate bonds and mortgage- and asset-backed securities.

        The majority of the investment income of the Navigators Agencies is derived from fiduciary funds invested in accordance with the guidelines of various state insurance departments. These guidelines typically require investments in short-term instruments. This investment income is paid to the pool members, including Navigators Insurance Company.

        The following tables show our cash and investments as of June 30, 2003 and December 31, 2002:

As of June 30, 2003

  Carrying Value
  Percent
of Total

 
 
  ($ in thousands)

 
Cash and short-term investments   $ 67,907   13.1 %
U.S. Treasury Bonds and GNMAs     203,127   39.1  
Municipal bonds     62,344   12.0  
Mortgage- and asset-backed securities (excluding GNMAs)     72,403   13.9  
Corporate bonds     101,039   19.5  
Common stocks     12,550   2.4  
   
 
 
Total   $ 519,370   100.0 %
   
 
 
As of December 31, 2002

  Carrying Value
  Percent
of Total

 
 
  ($ in thousands)

 
Cash and short-term investments   $ 74,535   16.5 %
U.S. Treasury Bonds and GNMAs     166,842   36.8  
Municipal bonds     50,127   11.1  
Mortgage- and asset-backed securities (excluding GNMAs)     65,487   14.4  
Corporate bonds     84,220   18.6  
Common stocks     11,674   2.6  
   
 
 
Total   $ 452,885   100.0 %
   
 
 

45


        Fixed-maturity securities include bonds, mortgage-backed securities (which include fixed-rate mortgage-backed securities issued by the Government National Mortgage Association, or GNMAs) and asset-backed securities. All fixed maturity and equity securities are carried at fair value. The fair value is based on quoted market prices or dealer quotes provided by independent pricing services.

        At June 30, 2003 and December 31, 2002, all fixed-maturity and equity securities held by us were classified as available-for-sale.

        The following table presents the amortized cost or cost, as applicable, gross unrealized gains and losses and fair value for all fixed-maturity and equity securities as of the dates indicated:

June 30, 2003

  Amortized Cost
or Cost

  Gross
Unrealized
Gains

  Gross
Unrealized
(Losses)

  Fair Value
 
  ($ in thousands)

Fixed maturities:                        
  U.S. Government Treasury Bonds and GNMAs   $ 195,785   $ 7,489   $ (147 ) $ 203,127
  States, municipalities and political subdivisions     59,061     3,326     (43 )   62,344
  Mortgage- and asset-backed (excluding GNMAs)     69,663     2,765     (25 )   72,403
  Corporate bonds     94,980     6,138     (79 )   101,039
   
 
 
 
    Total fixed maturities   $ 419,489   $ 19,718   $ (294 ) $ 438,913
   
 
 
 
Equity securities—common stocks   $ 11,969   $ 960   $ (379 ) $ 12,550
   
 
 
 
December 31, 2002

  Amortized Cost
or Cost

  Gross
Unrealized
Gains

  Gross
Unrealized
(Losses)

  Fair Value
 
  ($ in thousands)

Fixed maturities:                        
  U.S. Government Treasury Bonds and GNMAs   $ 159,729   $ 7,113   $   $ 166,842
  States, municipalities and political subdivisions     47,709     2,463     (45 )   50,127
  Mortgage- and asset-backed (excluding GNMAs)     63,830     1,664     (7 )   65,487
  Corporate bonds     80,553     4,017     (350 )   84,220
   
 
 
 
    Total fixed maturities   $ 351,821   $ 15,257   $ (402 ) $ 366,676
   
 
 
 
Equity securities—common stocks   $ 12,286   $ 245   $ (857 ) $ 11,674
   
 
 
 

        We regularly review our fixed-maturity and equity securities portfolios to evaluate the necessity of recording impairment losses for other-than-temporary declines in the fair value of investments. In general, we focus our attention on those securities whose market value was less than 80% of their amortized cost or cost, as appropriate, for six or more consecutive months. Other factors considered in evaluating potential impairment include the current fair value as compared to amortized cost or cost, as appropriate, our intent and ability to retain the investment for a period of time sufficient to allow for an anticipated recovery in value, specific credit issues related to the issuer and current economic conditions.

        When a security in our investment portfolio has an unrealized loss that is deemed to be other-than-temporary, we write the security down to fair value through a charge to operations. Significant changes in the factors we consider when evaluating investments for impairment losses could result in a significant change in impairment losses reported in the consolidated financial statements.

46



        The following tables show our impairment losses recorded in our fixed-maturity and equity portfolios for the periods indicated:

 
  Total
Write-downs

  Write-downs
On Securities Sold
During Period

  Write-downs
On Securities
Held at
Period End

 
  ($ in thousands)

Six Months Ended June 30, 2003                  
  Fixed maturities   $   $   $
  Equity securities            
   
 
 
    Total Portfolio   $   $   $
   
 
 

Six Months Ended June 30, 2002

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
  Fixed maturities   $ 2,118   $   $ 2,118
  Equity securities            
   
 
 
    Total Portfolio   $ 2,118   $   $ 2,118
   
 
 
 
  Total
Write-downs

  Write-downs
On Securities Sold
During Period

  Write-downs
On Securities
Held at
Period End

 
  ($ in thousands)

Year ended December 31, 2002                  
  Fixed maturities   $ 2,905   $ 2,905   $
  Equities            
   
 
 
    Total Portfolio   $ 2,905   $ 2,905   $
   
 
 

Year ended December 31, 2001

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
  Fixed maturities   $ 1,618         $ 1,618
  Equities              
   
       
    Total Portfolio   $ 1,618         $ 1,618
   
       

Year ended December 31, 2000

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
  Fixed maturities   $   $   $
  Equities            
   
 
 
    Total Portfolio   $   $   $
   
 
 

        As of June 30, 2003, our total portfolio had $20.7 million in gross unrealized gains and $0.7 million in gross unrealized losses, compared to $15.5 million in gross unrealized gains and $1.3 million in gross unrealized losses at December 31, 2002.

47


        The following table summarizes all securities in an unrealized loss position at June 30, 2003 and December 31, 2002 showing the aggregate fair value and gross unrealized loss by the length of time those securities have continuously been in an unrealized loss position:

 
  June 30, 2003
  December 31, 2002
 
  Fair
Value

  Gross
Unrealized
Loss

  Fair
Value

  Gross
Unrealized
Loss

 
  ($ in thousands)

Fixed Maturities:                        
U.S. Government Treasury Bonds and GNMAs                        
0-6 Months   $ 16,118   $ 147   $   $
7-12 Months                
> 12 Months                
   
 
 
 
Subtotal     16,118     147        
   
 
 
 
States, municipalities and political subdivisions                        
0-6 Months     1,800     27     1,144     16
7-12 Months                
> 12 Months     407     16     894     29
   
 
 
 
Subtotal     2,207     43     2,038     45
   
 
 
 
Mortgage- and asset-backed (excluding GNMAs)                        
0-6 Months     1,381     18     221     1
7-12 Months     59     1        
> 12 Months     177     6     218     6
   
 
 
 
Subtotal     1,617     25     439     7
   
 
 
 
Corporate bonds                        
0-6 Months     6,882     43     2,037     72
7-12 Months     1,075     36     515     7
> 12 Months             1,841     271
   
 
 
 
Subtotal     7,957     79     4,393     350
   
 
 
 
Total Fixed Maturities   $ 27,899   $ 294   $ 6,870   $ 402
   
 
 
 
Equity securities—common stocks                        
0-6 Months   $ 820   $ 68   $ 3,378   $ 254
7-12 Months     1,817     72     2,736     446
> 12 Months     1,333     239     987     157
   
 
 
 
Total Equity Securities   $ 3,970   $ 379   $ 7,101   $ 857
   
 
 
 

        The above unrealized losses have been determined to be temporary and resulted from changes in market conditions. We will continue to analyze the unrealized losses quarterly to determine if any of them are other-than-temporary.

48


        The following table shows the composition by National Association of Insurance Commissioners, or NAIC, rating and the generally equivalent Standard & Poor's and Moody's ratings of the fixed-maturity securities in our portfolio with gross unrealized losses at June 30, 2003. Not all of the securities are rated by Standard & Poor's and/or Moody's.

NAIC
Rating

  Equivalent
Standard & Poor's
Rating

  Equivalent
Moody's
Rating

  Un-realized
Loss

  Percent
to Total

  Fair
Value

  Percent
to Total

 
1   AAA/AA/A   Aaa/Aa/A   $ (280 ) 95 % $ 25,741   92 %
2   BBB   Baa     (14 ) 5     2,158   8  
3   BB   Ba              
4   B   B              
5   CCC or lower   Caa or lower              
6                      
           
 
 
 
 
        Total   $ (294 ) 100 % $ 27,899   100 %
           
 
 
 
 

        At June 30, 2003, the gross unrealized losses in the table directly above are with respect to fixed-maturity securities that are rated investment grade, which is defined by us as a security having a NAIC rating of 1 or 2, a Standard & Poor's rating of "BBB-" or higher, or a Moody's rating of "Baa3" or higher. Unrealized losses on investment-grade securities principally relate to changes in interest rates or changes in sector-related credit spreads since the securities were acquired. Any such unrealized losses are recognized in income, if the securities are sold, or if the decline in fair value is deemed other-than-temporary.

        The scheduled maturity dates for fixed maturity securities in an unrealized loss position at June 30, 2003 are shown below.

 
  Unrealized
Loss

  Percent to
Total

  Fair
Value

  Percent to
Total

 
 
  ($ in thousands)

 
Due in one year or less   $   % $   %
Due after one year through five years     (28 ) 10     4,121   15  
Due after five years through ten years     (53 ) 18     5,127   18  
Due after ten years     (189 ) 64     17,034   61  
Mortgage- and asset-backed securities(1)     (24 ) 8     1,617   6  
   
 
 
 
 
Total fixed income securities   $ (294 ) 100 % $ 27,899   100 %
   
 
 
 
 

(1)
Due to the periodic repayment of principal, the mortgage- and asset-backed securities are estimated to have an effective maturity of approximately six years. Expected maturities may differ from contractual maturities because issuers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties.

49


        Our realized capital gains and losses were as follows:

 
  Six Months Ended June 30
 
 
  2003
  2002
 
 
  ($ in thousands)

 
Fixed maturities:              
  Gains   $ 1,313   $ 3,472  
  (Losses)     (175 )   (4,064 )
   
 
 
      1,138     (592 )
   
 
 
Equity securities and other investments:              
  Gains     3     663  
  (Losses)     (254 )   (163 )
   
 
 
      (251 )   500  
   
 
 
Net realized capital gains (losses)   $ 887   $ (92 )
   
 
 
 
  Year Ended December 31,
 
 
  2002
  2001
  2000
 
 
  ($ in thousands)

 
Fixed maturities:                    
  Gains   $ 5,491   $ 2,961   $ 975  
  (Losses)     (5,105 )   (2,237 )   (1,454 )
   
 
 
 
      386     724     (479 )
   
 
 
 
Equity securities and other investments:                    
  Gains     1,636     467     1,168  
  (Losses)     (354 )   (401 )   (424 )
   
 
 
 
      1,282     66     744  
   
 
 
 
Net realized capital gains (losses)   $ 1,668   $ 790   $ 265  
   
 
 
 

        The following table details the larger realized losses from sales and impairments during the first six months of 2003 and the related circumstances giving rise to the loss:

Description

  Date of
Sale

  Proceeds
from Sale

  Loss on
Sale

  Impairment
  Holdings at
June 30, 2003

  Net
Unrealized
Loss

  Number of
Months
Unrealized Loss
Exceeded 20%
of Cost or
Amortized Cost

(1)   2/13/03   $ 425,000   $ (252,000 )       6

(1)
Issuer was a major utility company which had a deteriorating balance sheet, underperforming overseas operations and a reduction in its dividend.

50


Regulation

        We are subject to regulation under the insurance statutes including holding company statutes of various states, applicable regulatory authorities and Lloyd's. These regulations vary but generally require insurance holding companies, and insurers that are subsidiaries of holding companies, to register and file reports concerning their capital structure, ownership, financial condition and general business operations. Such regulations also generally require prior regulatory agency approval of changes in control of an insurer and of transactions within the holding company structure. The regulatory agencies have statutory authorization to enforce their laws and regulations through various administrative orders and enforcement proceedings.

        The State of New York Insurance Department is our principal regulatory agency. The New York insurance law provides that no corporation or other person may acquire control of us, and thus indirect control of our insurance company subsidiaries, unless it has given notice to our insurance company subsidiaries, and obtained prior written approval from the Superintendent of Insurance of the State of New York for such acquisition. In New York, any purchaser of 10% or more of the outstanding shares of our shares of common stock would be presumed to have acquired control of us, unless such presumption is rebutted.

        Navigators Insurance Company and NIC Insurance Company may only pay dividends out of their statutory earned surplus under New York insurance law. Generally, the maximum amount of dividends Navigators Insurance Company and NIC Insurance Company may pay without regulatory approval in any twelve-month period is the lesser of adjusted net investment income or 10% of statutory surplus. For a discussion of our current dividend capacity, see "Management's Discussion of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Liquidity and Capital Reserves" in this prospectus.

        Under insolvency or guaranty laws in most states in which Navigators Insurance Company and NIC Insurance Company operate, insurers doing business in those states can be assessed up to prescribed limits for policyholder losses of insolvent insurance companies. During 2002, we were assessed by the California Insurance Guaranty Association and paid an amount of $798,000. This amount is allowed to be recovered by a surcharge on policies written in California, beginning in 2003. We expect to fully recover this amount and have recorded it as an asset. Other than this California assessment, neither Navigators Insurance Company nor NIC Insurance Company have been subject to any material assessments under state insolvency or guarantee laws that were material during the three year period ended December 31, 2002 or in the first six months of 2003.

        Navigators Insurance Company is licensed to engage in the insurance and reinsurance business in 50 states, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico and Venezuela. NIC Insurance Company is licensed to engage in the insurance and reinsurance business in the State of New York and is an approved surplus lines insurer, or meets the financial requirements where there is not a formal approval process, in 41 states and the District of Columbia.

        As part of its general regulatory oversight process, the New York Insurance Department conducts detailed examinations of the books, records and accounts of New York insurance companies every three to five years. Our insurance company subsidiaries are currently being examined for the years 1996 through 2000 by the New York Insurance Department. The audit work has been completed but a report has not yet been issued. Although no assurance can be given, we expect that no material adjustments to the previously filed statutory financial statements will be required as a result of this examination.

        The Insurance Regulatory Information System, or IRIS, was developed by the NAIC and is intended primarily to assist state insurance departments in executing their statutory mandates to oversee the financial condition of insurance companies operating in their respective states. IRIS

51



identifies twelve industry ratios and specifies "usual values" for each ratio. Departure from the usual values on four or more of the ratios can lead to inquiries from individual state insurance commissioners as to certain aspects of an insurer's business. As of December 31, 2002 and 2001, our insurance company subsidiaries' results were within the usual values for all IRIS ratios except that the change in net writings and estimated current reserve deficiency to surplus ratios were outside the usual values for Navigators Insurance Company due to the increase in premiums resulting from the increase in premium rates and new business. In addition, NIC Insurance Company's agents' balances to policyholders' surplus ratio was outside of the usual range due to the increase in premium writings. All of the business written by NIC Insurance Company is reinsured by Navigators Insurance Company.

        The NAIC completed a project which codifies statutory accounting practices for insurance enterprises. As a result of this process, the NAIC issued a revised statutory Accounting Practices and Procedures Manual that became effective January 1, 2001. We prepared our statutory basis financial statements in accordance with the revised statutory manual subject to any deviations prescribed or permitted by the New York Insurance Commissioner. Beginning in 2002, the New York Insurance Department permitted certain deferred income taxes to be included in surplus of the statutory basis financial statements. This resulted in increasing the surplus of Navigators Insurance Company by $7.8 million.

        From time to time, various regulatory and legislative changes have been proposed in the insurance and reinsurance industry. Among the proposals that have in the past been or are at present being considered are the possible introduction of federal regulation in addition to, or in lieu of, the current system of state regulation of insurers and proposals in various state legislatures (some of which proposals have been enacted) to conform portions of their insurance laws and regulations to various model acts adopted by the NAIC. We are unable to predict whether any of these laws and regulations will be adopted, the form in which any such laws and regulations would be adopted, or the effect, if any, these developments would have on our operations and financial condition.

        In 2002, in response to the tightening of supply in certain insurance and reinsurance markets resulting from, among other things, the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks, the Terrorism Act was enacted and is designed to ensure the availability of insurance coverage for foreign terrorist acts in the United States of America. This law established a federal assistance program through the end of 2005 to help the commercial property and casualty insurance industry cover claims related to future terrorism-related losses and requires such companies to offer coverage for certain acts of terrorism. As a result, we will be prohibited from adding certain terrorism exclusions from the policies written by Navigators Insurance Company and NIC Insurance Company. While we are protected by federally funded terrorism reinsurance as provided for in the Terrorism Act, there is a substantial deductible that must be met, the payment of which could have an adverse effect on our results of operations. Potential future changes to the Terrorism Act could also adversely affect us by causing our reinsurers to increase prices or withdraw from certain markets where terrorism coverage is required.

        State insurance departments have adopted a methodology developed by the NAIC for assessing the adequacy of statutory surplus of property and casualty insurers which includes a risk-based capital formula that attempts to measure statutory capital and surplus needs based on the risks in a company's mix of products and investment portfolio. The formula is designed to allow state insurance regulators to identify potential weakly capitalized companies. Under the formula, a company determines its "risk-based capital" by taking into account certain risks related to the insurer's assets (including risks related to its investment portfolio and ceded reinsurance) and the insurer's liabilities (including underwriting risks related to the nature and experience of its insurance business). The risk-based capital rules provide for different levels of regulatory attention depending on the ratio of a company's total adjusted capital to its "authorized control level" of risk-based capital. Based on calculations made by Navigators Insurance Company and NIC Insurance Company, their risk-based capital levels exceed a level that would trigger regulatory attention. In their respective 2002 statutory financial statements,

52



Navigators Insurance Company and NIC Insurance Company have complied with the NAIC's risk-based capital reporting requirements.

        In addition to regulations applicable to insurance agents generally, the Navigators Agencies are subject to managing general agents acts in their state of domicile and in certain other jurisdictions where they do business.

        Our United Kingdom subsidiaries and our Lloyd's operations are subject to regulation by the Financial Services Authority, as established by the Financial Services and Markets Act, and our Lloyd's operations are also subject to regulation by the Council of Lloyd's. The Financial Services Authority has been granted broad authorization and intervention powers as they relate to the operations of all insurers operating in the United Kingdom. Lloyd's operates under a self-regulatory regime arising under the Lloyd's Act 1982 and the Financial Services and Markets Act and has the power to set, interpret and change the rules which govern the operation of the Lloyd's market. Lloyd's prescribes, in respect of its managing agents and corporate members, certain minimum standards relating to their management and control, solvency and various other requirements.

Competition

        The property and casualty insurance industry is highly competitive. We face competition from both domestic and foreign insurers, many of whom have longer operating histories and greater financial, marketing and management resources. Competition in the types of insurance in which we are engaged is based on many factors, including our perceived overall financial strength, pricing and other terms and conditions of products and services offered, business experience, marketing and distribution arrangements, agency and broker relationships, levels of customer service (including speed of claims payments), product differentiation and quality, operating efficiencies and underwriting. Furthermore, insureds tend to favor large, financially strong insurers, and we face the risk that we will lose market share to higher rated insurers.

        Another competitive factor in the industry involves banks and brokerage firms entering the insurance business. These efforts pose new challenges to insurance companies and agents from industries traditionally outside the insurance business.

        No single insured or reinsured accounted for 10% or more of our gross written premium in 2002.

Employees

        As of June 30, 2003, we had 188 full-time employees.

Properties

        Our principal executive offices are occupied pursuant to a lease from an unaffiliated company which expires June 30, 2010 in a building located at One Penn Plaza, New York, New York. Several of our subsidiaries have noncancellable operating leases for their respective office locations.

        In the second quarter of 2003, we elected to lease additional space in Rye Brook, New York, which is approximately 30 miles north of Manhattan. Our executive, administrative, accounting and information technology staffs are now located at our Rye Brook, New York office. Our lease for this space terminates in July 2013.

        In January 2000, we purchased an apartment in London to accommodate visitors to our London operations at a cost of approximately $820,000.

53



Legal Proceedings

        We are not a party to, or the subject of, any material pending legal proceedings which depart from the ordinary routine litigation incident to the kinds of business that we conduct, except for a suit concerning the draw down of letters of credit. In 1997 and 1998, Navigators Insurance Company entered into certain reinsurance contracts with a reinsurer. In accordance with normal business practice, Navigators Insurance Company had secured this exposure with letters of credit. In April 1999, in good faith and consistent with the terms of the letters of credit, Navigators Insurance Company drew down $3.2 million of the letters of credit. The liquidator of the reinsurer has commenced suit in Australia, seeking to void the draw downs. We filed motions seeking a prompt dismissal of the liquidators's claims in Australian court in June 2003, which motions were denied. We have appealed those denials and are vigorously defending our position. Although we believe that we have strong defenses against these claims and that the liquidator's assertions run counter to prevailing Australian and United States law, there can be no assurance as to the outcome of this litigation.

54



MANAGEMENT

Directors and Officers

        The following table sets forth information regarding our current directors as of August 15, 2003:

Name

  Age
  Position
  First Became a Director
Peter A. Cheney   60   Director   2003
Terence N. Deeks   63   Chairman of the Board   1982
Robert W. Eager, Jr.   59   Director   2001
Stanley A. Galanski   45   President, Chief Executive Officer and Director   2001
Leandro S. Galban, Jr.   68   Director   1983
Marc M. Tract   43   Director   1991
George T. Van Gilder   59   Director   2002
Robert F. Wright   77   Director   1993

        Peter A. Cheney has been retired since 1996. Prior thereto, Mr. Cheney held various positions at National Re Corporation, including Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Director from 1994 to 1996.

        Terence N. Deeks is our founder. He has been our Chairman since our formation in 1982, our President until May 2002 and Chief Executive Officer until December 2002. Mr. Deeks is chairman and a director of several of our wholly owned subsidiaries including Navigators Insurance Company. Mr. Deeks has been engaged in the property and casualty insurance business since 1957.

        Robert W. Eager, Jr. has been retired since 1999 and prior thereto from 1996 to 1999 had been an Executive Vice President of General Reinsurance Corporation. Prior thereto, Mr. Eager held various positions at National Re Corporation from 1976 to 1996, including Executive Vice President from 1994 to 1996.

        Stanley A. Galanski has been our President since May 2002. In January 2003, he was appointed to the additional position of Chief Executive Officer. Prior thereto, Mr. Galanski had been Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer since March 2001. He had been the President of XL Insurance Company of New York from 2000 to March 2001, President of XL Specialty Insurance Company from 1997 to March 2001, and President of New Hampshire Insurance Company from 1995 to 1997. From 1980 to 1995, Mr. Galanski held various underwriting and management positions with the Chubb Group of Insurance Companies. Mr. Galanski is a director of Navigators Insurance Company.

        Leandro S. Galban, Jr. has been Vice Chairman and Managing Director of Credit Suisse First Boston LLC, one of the underwriters of this offering, since 2000. Prior thereto, from 1996 to 2000, he had been a Managing Director and Co-Head of the Financial Institutions Group of Donaldson, Lufkin & Jenrette, a company acquired by Credit Suisse First Boston.

        Marc M. Tract has been a partner of the law firm of Katten Muchin Zavis Rosenman since 1994, which firm has been counsel to us for the same period.

        George T. Van Gilder has been Chief Executive Officer of Toa Reinsurance Company of America since August 2003. Between 2000 and that time, Mr. Van Gilder was an independent insurance consultant. Mr. Van Gilder was President and Chief Executive Officer of Reliance Insurance Company from 1999 to 2000, a consultant to Morgan Stanley, Inc. from 1997 to 1999, Chairman of Risk Management Solutions, Inc. from 1995 to 1997, and prior thereto held various underwriting positions with the Chubb Group of Insurance Companies from 1971 (including Chief Underwriting Officer from 1993 to 1995). On May 29, 2001, Reliance Insurance Company consented to the entry of an Order of Rehabilitation by the Commonwealth Court of Pennsylvania. Reliance Group Holdings, Inc., the parent of Reliance Insurance Company, filed a voluntary federal bankruptcy petition on June 11, 2001.

55



        Robert F. Wright has been President and Chief Executive Officer of Robert F. Wright Associates, Inc. since 1988. Mr. Wright was a partner of the public accounting firm of Arthur Andersen & Co. from 1960 to 1988. He is a director of Universal American Financial Corporation and USI Holdings Corporation.

        The following table sets forth information regarding our current non-director officers as of August 15, 2003:

Name

  Age
  Position
Bradley D. Wiley   50   Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Secretary
Douglas Poetzsch   40   Senior Vice President and Chief Claims Officer
R. Scott Eisdorfer   39   Senior Vice President and Chief Information Officer
Salvatore A. Margarella   53   Vice President and Treasurer

        Bradley D. Wiley has been our Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Secretary since 1996 and of our insurance subsidiaries since 1997. From 1992 until 1996, Mr. Wiley was Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Christiania Re Corp. and its wholly owned subsidiary, Christiania General Insurance Corp. Mr. Wiley is a director of Navigators Insurance Company.

        Douglas Poetzsch, has been our Senior Vice President and Chief Claims Officer since May 2003, and joined our organization in December 2002. Mr. Poetzsch is also General Counsel and a director of Navigators Insurance Company. Prior to joining us, Mr. Poetzsch was Senior Vice President and Chief Claims Officer at Gulf Insurance Group. He also held various claims management positions at American International Group from 1997 through early 2000. Prior to American International Group, Mr. Poetzsch practiced law in private practice representing insurers in coverage and bad faith litigation.

        R. Scott Eisdorfer has been Senior Vice President and Chief Information Officer since 2001 and of our insurance subsidiaries since 1999. From 1996 to 1999, Mr. Eisdorfer was a Vice President and Applications Manager of General Reinsurance Corporation, and prior thereto from 1985 held various information technology positions at National Reinsurance Corporation. Mr. Eisdorfer is a director of Navigators Insurance Company.

        Salvatore A. Margarella has been our Vice President and Treasurer since 1997 and prior thereto he was our Controller since our inception. Mr. Margarella has been Vice President and Treasurer of Navigators Insurance Company since 1987, and serves as one of its directors.

Compensation of Directors

        For the year ended December 31, 2002, our directors who were not officers or employees of us or any of our subsidiaries, were paid a retainer of $2,000 per quarter, an additional $1,000 for attending each of our regular quarterly meetings of the board of directors, and the number of shares of common stock that was equivalent to a cash payment of $12,000 based on the closing market price of our common stock on December 31, 2002.

Board Committees

        Our audit committee (composed of Messrs. Peter A. Cheney, Robert W. Eager, Jr. and Robert F. Wright, chairman) is responsible for providing independent, objective oversight of our accounting functions and internal controls. The audit committee is composed of three directors, each of whom meets both the current and proposed independence requirements of the NASDAQ Stock Market. The audit committee operates under a written charter approved by the board of directors, which was reviewed and revised in 2002. As chairman of the audit committee, Mr. Wright received $6,500 for the

56



year ended December 31, 2002. We expect to pay the chairman of this committee $26,000 in consideration for performing his duties in 2003.

        Our compensation committee (composed of Messrs. Leandro S. Galban, Jr., chairman, Marc M. Tract and George T. Van Gilder) is charged, among other things, to make periodic reviews of our compensation arrangements with executive officers and to make recommendations to the board of directors with respect to such arrangements.

        Our nominating committee (composed of Messrs. Marc M. Tract and Robert F. Wright) recommends nominees for election to our board of directors.

        Our finance committee (composed of Messrs. Peter A. Cheney, Leandro S. Galban, Jr., George T. Van Gilder and Robert F. Wright, chairman) monitors the performance of our investment portfolio and evaluates individual investment portfolio managers on a regular basis. It is responsible for implementing our investment guidelines and assessing the capital needs of our insurance operations.

        Our underwriting advisory committee (composed of Messrs. Terence N. Deeks, Robert W. Eager, Jr., Stanley A. Galanski and George T. Van Gilder, chairman) is responsible for implementing our insurance underwriting strategy, guidelines and practice.

57



EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

Summary of Compensation

        The following summary compensation table sets forth compensation paid by us for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2002 to our Chief Executive Officer and to each of our four other most highly paid executive officers or of our subsidiaries. We refer to these five officers in this prospectus as the Named Executive Officers:

Summary Compensation Table

 
   
   
   
  Long Term Compensation Awards
   
 
   
   
   
   
  Securities
Underlying
Options/Stock
Appreciation
Rights(#)

   
 
   
  Annual Compensation
   
   
Name and Principal Position

   
  Restricted Stock
Award($)(3)

  All Other Compensation($)(4)
  Year
  Salary($)
  Bonus($)
Terence N. Deeks
Chairman(1)
  2002
2001
2000
  $

225,000
315,008
350,000
  $



  $



 

10,000
  $

70,870
70,069
69,541

Stanley A. Galanski
President and Chief Executive Officer(2)

 

2002
2001
2000

 

 

325,000
250,008

 

 

474,079


 

 


1,412,500

 




 

 




David E. Hope
President of Navigators Holdings UK and Marine and Energy Division of Navigators Management Co., Inc.

 

2002
2001
2000

 

 

336,987


 

 

175,000


 

 

416,600


 




 

 




Michael L. Civisca
Senior Vice President of Navigators Management Co., Inc.

 

2002
2001
2000

 

 

186,250
157,813
150,000

 

 

248,907
20,000

 

 

20,100


 

10,000

7,500

 

 




Noel Higgitt
President of Navigators California Insurance Services, Inc.

 

2002
2001
2000

 

 

257,083
250,000
250,000

 

 

98,907
70,028

 

 

20,100


 

10,000

10,000

 

 


14,988

(1)
Mr. Deeks has been our Chairman since our formation in 1982 and had been our President until May 2002 and our Chief Executive Officer until December 2002.

(2)
Mr. Galanski has been our President since June 2002 and our Chief Executive Officer since January 2003.

(3)
Based on the fair market value at the time of grant.

(4)
Represents life insurance premiums paid by us.

58


Stock Options

        The following table contains information concerning the grant of options and stock appreciation rights under our stock option plans and stock appreciation rights plan to each of the Named Executive Officers during the year ended December 31, 2002:

Option/Stock Appreciation Right Grants in 2002

 
  Individual Grants
  Potential Realizable Value at Assumed Annual Rates of Stock Price Appreciation for Options/Stock Appreciation Rights Term ($)
 
  Number of Securities Underlying Options/Stock Appreciation Rights Granted (#)
  Percent of Total Options/Stock Appreciation Rights Granted to Employees in Fiscal Year
   
   
Name

  Exercise Price ($/Share)
  Expiration Date
  5%
  10%
Terence N. Deeks            
Stanley A. Galanski            
David E. Hope            
Michael L. Civisca   10,000   8.7   16.75   12/4/11   206,000   428,000
Noel Higgitt   10,000   8.7   16.75   12/4/11   206,000   428,000

        The following table sets forth information for each of the Named Executive Officers with respect to the value of options/stock appreciation rights exercised during the year ended December 31, 2002 and the value of outstanding and unexercised options/stock appreciation rights held as of December 31, 2002, based upon the closing market value of our common stock of $22.95 per share on December 31, 2002:

Aggregated Option/Stock Appreciation Right Exercises in 2002
and December 31, 2002 Option/Stock Appreciation Right Values

 
   
   
  Number of Securities Underlying unexercised Options/Stock Appreciation Rights at December 31, 2002 (#)
   
   
 
   
   
  Value of unexercised in-the-money Options/Stock Appreciation Rights at December 31, 2002 ($)
Name

  Shares
Acquired on
Exercise (#)

  Value Realized ($)
  Exercisable
  Unexercisable
  Exercisable
  Unexercisable
Terence N. Deeks       60,000   5,000   515,000   62,000
Stanley A. Galanski            
David E. Hope            
Michael L. Civisca       24,750   11,250   170,000   93,000
Noel Higgitt       7,500   12,500   78,000   109,000

59


Certain Relationships and Related Transactions

        We had a consulting agreement with Robert F. Wright Associates, Inc., of which Mr. Wright is the President. The consulting agreement, which was cancelled effective September 30, 2002, provided for an annual consultation fee of $26,000 to be paid to Robert F. Wright Associates, Inc. for certain consulting services provided by Mr. Wright in conjunction with his director's responsibilities. Mr. Wright is a member of the audit, finance and nominating committees. He was a member of the compensation committee through April 9, 2003.

        Terence N. Deeks and a member of his family own in the aggregate 98% of the outstanding voting stock of Somerset Insurance Limited, a Bermuda corporation. Somerset Insurance Limited reinsures members of several of the insurance pools managed by one of our subsidiaries. If the commutation between Navigators Insurance Company and one of the marine insurance pool members is consummated as expected, Somerset Insurance Limited will continue to reinsure the portion of the amount being commuted that it previously reinsured, which will constitute approximately 3.1% of Navigators Insurance Company's participation in the pool for the 2003 underwriting year. Mr. Deeks is a member of the executive committee and, effective April 10, 2003, is also a member of the underwriting advisory committee.

        Marc M. Tract is a partner of Katten Muchin Zavis Rosenman which firm has served as counsel to us since 1994. Mr. Tract also serves as trustee under several instruments of trust for the benefit of Mr. Deeks' children and grandchildren. Mr. Tract is a member of the compensation (effective April 10, 2003) and nominating committees. He was a member of the audit committee through September 10, 2002.

        Our management believes that the terms of the former consulting agreement with Mr. Wright were no less favorable to us than those which could be obtained from unaffiliated third parties. Our management further believes that all other transactions with affiliated companies have in the past been on fair and equitable terms no less favorable than we could obtain in arm's-length transactions with unaffiliated third parties.

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PRINCIPAL STOCKHOLDERS

        The following table sets forth the beneficial ownership, reported to us as of August 27, 2003, of shares of common stock (i) by each person who holds of record or is known by us to own beneficially more than 5% of the outstanding common stock, (ii) by each of our current directors, (iii) by each of the executive officers named in the Summary Compensation Table, and (iv) by all directors and executive officers as a group. Except as otherwise indicated, to our knowledge all shares are beneficially owned by the persons named as owners.

Name and Address of Beneficial Owner

  Number of Shares Beneficially Owned
  Percent of Outstanding Shares
Terence N. Deeks(1)
One Penn Plaza
New York, New York 10119
  3,296,080   38.4
Marc M. Tract(2)
575 Madison Avenue
New York, New York 10022
  1,001,548   11.7
Royce & Associates, LLC(3)
1414 Avenue of the Americas
New York, New York 10019
  780,100   9.1
Beck, Mack & Oliver LLC(4)
330 Madison Avenue
New York, New York 10022
  767,800   9.0
Peter A. Cheney     *
Michael L. Civisca(5)   18,300   *
Robert W. Eager, Jr.   1,120   *
Stanley A. Galanski(6)   36,600   *
Leandro S. Galban, Jr.(7)   23,862   *
Noel Higgitt(8)   4,750   *
David E. Hope(9)   7,000   *
George T. Van Gilder   523   *
Robert F. Wright   9,322   *
All current directors and executive officers as a group(1)(2)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)   4,465,930   51.6

*
Less than 1%.

(1)
Includes 2,243,402 and 885,736 shares which may be deemed to be beneficially owned by Mr. Deeks as Settlor of the Terence N. Deeks 2002 Qualified Three Year Annuity Trust and the Terence N. Deeks 2003 Qualified Three Year Annuity Trust, respectively, 106,942 shares owned jointly with his wife, 5,000 shares owned by the Deeks Family Foundation and vested options to purchase 55,000 shares at exercise prices between $14.50 and $17.00 per share. Excludes 992,826 shares which are held under certain instruments of trust for the benefit of Mr. Deeks' children. Mr. Deeks disclaims beneficial ownership of all shares held in trust for the benefit of his children.

(2)
Includes 995,326 shares held as trustee under certain instruments of trust for the benefit of Mr. Deeks' children and grandchildren of which Mr. Tract disclaims beneficial ownership.

(3)
Based on Form 13F, dated August 13, 2003, filed by Royce & Associates, LLC.

(4)
Based on Form 13F, dated July 22, 2003, filed by Beck, Mack & Oliver LLC.

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(5)
Includes vested options to purchase 18,050 shares at exercise prices between $10.50 and $34.00 per share. Excludes 750 unvested shares from Mr. Civisca's 1,000 share stock grant issued on January 1, 2002 which vests at the rate of 25% per year.

(6)
Excludes 50,000 unvested shares from Mr. Galanski's 100,000 share stock grant issued on March 26, 2001 which vests at the rate of 25% per year.

(7)
Includes 1,500 shares held by family members of Mr. Galban.

(8)
Includes vested options to purchase 2,500 shares at an exercise price of $16.75 per share. Excludes 750 unvested shares from Mr. Higgitt's 1,000 share stock grant issued on January 1, 2002.

(9)
Excludes 15,000 unvested shares from Mr. Hope's 20,000 share stock grant issued on March 1, 2002.

(10)
Includes Mr. Wiley's 43,250 shares which include vested options to purchase 30,000 shares at exercise prices between $14.00 and $17.00 per share, Mr. Margarella's vested options to purchase 19,125 shares at exercise prices between $10.50 and $34.00 per share, and Mr. Eisdorfer's 4,450 shares which include vested options to purchase 2,500 shares at an exercise price of $16.75 and excludes 1,750 unvested stock grants.

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SELLING STOCKHOLDERS

        The following table sets forth the beneficial ownership, reported to us as of August 27, 2003, of shares of common stock by each stockholder selling shares of our common stock in this offering: (i) before the offering takes place; (ii) after the offering, if the underwriters do not exercise their over-allotment option; (iii) after the offering, if the underwriters exercise their over-allotment option and the selling stockholders choose to participate fully in the over-allotment; and (iv) after the offering, if the underwriters exercise their over-allotment option, the selling stockholders choose not to participate in the over-allotment and we satisfy the over-allotment in full. All of the selling stockholders are instruments of trust for the benefit of the children of Terence N. Deeks, our founder and chairman. Except as otherwise indicated, to our knowledge all shares are beneficially owned by the persons named as owners.

 
  Shares Beneficially Owned Prior to Offering
  Shares Beneficially Owned After Offering, Assuming No Over-Allotment Exercise
  Shares Beneficially Owned After Offering, Assuming Over-Allotment Exercise (Selling Stockholders' Full Participation)
  Shares Beneficially Owned After Offering, Assuming Over-Allotment Exercise (No Participation by Selling Stockholders)
 
  Number
  Percent
  Number
  Percent
  Number
  Percent
  Number
  Percent
Osborne I Trust(1)   186,276   2.2   112,392   1.2   0   *   112,392   *
Osborne II Trust(1)   186,276   2.2   112,392   1.2   0   *   112,392   *
Osborne III Trust(1)   186,276   2.2   112,392   1.2   0   *   112,392   *
Ridgeway I Trust(1)   98,680   1.2   59,418   *   0   *   59,418   *
Ridgeway II Trust(1)   98,680   1.2   59,418   *   0   *   59,418   *
Ridgeway III Trust(1)   98,680   1.2   59,418   *   0   *   59,418   *
Claire E. Deeks Trust 30(2)   14,962   *   9,132   *   0   *   9,132   *
Karen E. Deeks Trust 30(2)   14,962   *   9,132   *   0   *   9,132   *
Ian E. Deeks Trust 30(2)   14,962   *   9,132   *   0   *   9,132   *
Jane Deeks McCarthy 1995 Trust   93,072   1.1   0   *   0   *   0   *
  All selling stockholders as a group   992,826   11.6   542,826   4.6   0   *   542,826   4.3

*
Less than 1%.

(1)
Includes shares for which Marc M. Tract acts as trustee and of which Mr. Tract disclaims ownership.

(2)
Includes shares for which Marc M. Tract and Monica J. Deeks act as trustees and of which Mr. Tract and Ms. Deeks disclaim ownership.

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DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK

        Our authorized capital consists of 20,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.10 per share, and 1,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.10 per share. At August 27, 2003, 8,537,735 shares of common stock were outstanding. At that date, no preferred shares were outstanding.

Common Stock

        Voting Rights.    Each holder of our common stock is entitled to one vote for each share held of record on all matters submitted to a vote of our stockholders. Our stockholders do not have the right to cumulate their votes in the election of directors. The quorum required at a stockholders' meeting for consideration of any matter is a majority of the shares entitled to vote on that matter, represented in person or by proxy. If a quorum is present, directors are elected if they receive a plurality of the votes present at the meeting and entitled to vote. Except as otherwise provided in our restated certificate of incorporation, all other matters can be approved by the affirmative vote of a majority of the shares represented at a meeting and entitled to vote on the matter. See "—Voting Rights with Respect to Extraordinary Corporate Transactions" below for information on when our restated certificate of incorporation requires a different stockholder vote.

        Dividends.    Subject to the prior rights of the holders of shares of preferred stock that may be issued and outstanding, none of which are currently outstanding, the holders of common stock are entitled to receive dividends as and when declared by our board of directors. The issuance of dividends will depend upon, among other factors deemed relevant by our board of directors, our financial condition, results of operations, cash requirements, future prospects, changes in tax or other applicable laws relating to the treatment of dividends and regulatory restrictions on the payment of dividends that apply under applicable insurance laws. Dividends may be paid in cash, stock or other form. Each such dividend shall be payable to holders of record as they appear on our stock books on such record dates as shall be fixed by the board of directors.

        Liquidation Rights.    In the event of any liquidation, dissolution or winding-up of the Company, the holders of our common stock will share equally in the assets remaining after creditors and preferred stockholders are paid.

        Other Rights.    Holders of shares of our common stock have no redemption or conversion rights and no preemptive or other rights to subscribe for our securities.

        The transfer agent and registrar for our common stock is Lasalle Bank, N.A.

        Our common stock is listed on the NASDAQ Stock Market under the symbol "NAVG."

Voting Rights with Respect to Extraordinary Corporate Transactions

        Generally, under Delaware law, plans of merger, consolidation or exchange and sales, leases, exchanges or other dispositions of all, or substantially all, of a corporation's property and assets, other than in the usual and regular course of business, must be approved by the affirmative vote of at least a majority of all of the outstanding shares entitled to vote on the matter and at least a majority of the outstanding shares of each class or series of shares, if any, entitled to vote on the matter as a class. A corporation's certificate of incorporation may provide for a greater vote. In order to approve any plan of merger or consolidation or any sale, lease, exchange or disposition of all or substantially all of our assets, our restated certificate of incorporation requires the affirmative vote of the holders of at least 662/3% of the outstanding shares entitled to vote on the matter, or if no vote is required by Delaware law, 662/3% of the outstanding shares entitled to vote in the election of directors generally, unless the transaction falls within two exempt categories, in which case the Delaware law approval requirements discussed above are effective. This supermajority vote requirement is not applicable to any action

64



between us and one of our wholly owned subsidiaries or certain affiliates or to any action with a third party if it is approved by two-thirds of the members of our board of directors prior to completion and such approval remains in effect on the date of completion.

Voting Rights with Respect to Amendments to our Restated Certificate of Incorporation and By-Laws

        Generally, under Delaware law, a board of directors may propose amendments to a corporation's certificate of incorporation. Proposed amendments must be approved by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares entitled to vote, and a majority of each class of shares entitled to vote on such amendment as a class, unless the corporation's certificate of incorporate requires a larger percentage. Except for any amendment to the provision relating to merger approval discussed above under "—Voting Rights with Respect to Extraordinary Corporate Transactions," which requires the approval of 662/3% of our outstanding shares, our restated certificate of incorporation does not require any larger stockholder vote percentage for an amendment to its provisions.

        Delaware law provides that the power to adopt, amend and repeal by-laws shall be in the stockholders entitled to vote; provided that a corporation may, in its certificate of incorporation, confer upon its directors the power to also adopt, amend and repeal by-laws. Our restated certificate of incorporation, as amended, authorizes our board of directors to make, alter, amend or repeal our by-laws. Amendment of the by-laws by our stockholders requires the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares entitled to vote.

Anti-takeover Provisions of our Restated Certificate of Incorporation and By-Laws and Applicable Law

        Some provisions of our restated certificate of incorporation and by-laws or other applicable law may delay or make more difficult unsolicited acquisitions or changes of control of our company. We believe that these provisions will enable us to develop our business in a manner that will foster long-term growth without disruption caused by the threat of a takeover not thought by our board of directors to be in our best interest and the best interests of our stockholders.

        Those provisions could have the effect of discouraging third parties from making proposals involving an unsolicited acquisition or change of control of our company, although the proposals, if made, might be considered desirable by a majority of our stockholders. Those provisions may also have the effect of making it more difficult for third parties to cause the replacement of our current management without the concurrence of our board of directors. Those provisions include the provisions discussed above with respect to extraordinary corporate transactions and amendments to our restated certificate of incorporation and by-laws as well as the following provisions.

        Blank Check Preferred Stock.    Our board of directors, without stockholder approval, can issue preferred stock with voting and conversion rights that could adversely affect the voting power or other rights of the holders of shares of common stock. This right of issuance could be used as a method of preventing a party from gaining control of us.

        Removal of Directors; Special Meetings of the Stockholders.    Our by-laws provide that directors may be removed with or without cause and the subsequent vacancy filled, by the affirmative vote of a majority of the outstanding shares entitled to vote, at a special meeting called for that purpose. Special meetings of our stockholders may only be called by our president or secretary or by resolution of a majority of our board of directors. As a result, unless the specified officers or board concurs, a stockholder may not be able to propose removal of a director prior to his or her annual term expiring. Similarly, a stockholder who wishes to present an issue to his or her fellow stockholders may be required to wait for the annual meeting.

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        Delaware Section 203.    We are subject to the provisions of Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law. Generally, Section 203 prohibits a publicly held Delaware corporation from engaging in a "business combination" with an "interested stockholder" during the three years after the date the person became an interested stockholder, unless the business combination is approved in a prescribed manner. A "business combination" includes a merger, asset sale or a transaction resulting in a financial benefit to the interested stockholder. An "interested stockholder" is a person, who together with affiliates and associates, owns (or, in certain cases, within the preceding three years, did own) 15% or more of the corporation's outstanding voting stock. Under Section 203, a business combination between us and an interested stockholder is prohibited unless it satisfies one of the following conditions:

        Insurance Holding Company Regulations on Change of Control.    We are regulated as an insurance holding company and are subject to state and foreign laws that restrict the ability of any person to obtain control of an insurance holding company without prior regulatory approval. Without this approval or an exemption, no person or entity may acquire "control" of an insurance subsidiary or merge with the holding company. "Control" is generally defined as the direct or indirect power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of a person and is usually presumed to exist if a person directly or indirectly owns or controls 10% or more of the voting securities of another person.

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SHARES OF COMMON STOCK PRICE RANGE AND DIVIDENDS

        Our common stock is traded over-the-counter on the NASDAQ Stock Market under the symbol "NAVG." Over-the-counter market quotations reflect inter-dealer prices, without retail mark-up, mark-down or commissions and may not necessarily represent actual transactions.

        The high and low bid prices for the periods indicated are as follows:

 
  High
  Low
Quarter ended March 31, 2001   $ 14.38   $ 12.88
Quarter ended June 30, 2001   $ 20.85   $ 13.13
Quarter ended September 30, 2001   $ 20.20   $ 17.52
Quarter ended December 31, 2001   $ 20.90   $ 16.95
Quarter ended March 31, 2002   $ 24.00   $ 19.75
Quarter ended June 30, 2002   $ 29.02   $ 22.06
Quarter ended September 30, 2002   $ 27.46   $ 19.50
Quarter ended December 31, 2002   $ 27.22   $ 18.27
Quarter ended March 31, 2003   $ 26.50   $ 23.06
Quarter ended June 30, 2003   $ 30.56   $ 24.01
Quarter ending September 30, 2003 (through August 27, 2003)   $ 33.50   $ 29.11

        There were approximately 100 holders of record of shares of our common stock as of August 27, 2003. However, our management believes that there are in excess of 1,000 beneficial owners of our common stock. The last sale price of our common stock, as reported on the NASDAQ Stock Market on August 27, 2003, was $33.29 per share.

        We have never paid or declared any cash dividends on our common stock. While there presently is no intention to pay cash dividends on the common stock, future declarations, if any, are at the discretion of our board of directors and the amounts of such dividends will be dependent upon, among other factors, our earnings, our financial condition and business needs, restrictive covenants under debt arrangements, the capital and surplus requirements of our subsidiaries and applicable government regulations.

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UNDERWRITING

        Under the terms and subject to the conditions contained in an underwriting agreement dated            , 2003, we and the selling stockholders have agreed to sell to the underwriters named below, for whom Credit Suisse First Boston LLC is acting as representative, the following respective numbers of shares of common stock:

Underwriter

  Number of
Shares

Credit Suisse First Boston LLC    
Cochran, Caronia & Co.    
Friedman, Billings, Ramsey & Co., Inc.    
Keefe, Bruyette & Woods, Inc.    
Sandler O'Neill & Partners, L.P.    
   
  Total    
   

        The underwriting agreement provides that the underwriters are obligated to purchase all the shares of common stock in the offering if any are purchased, other than those shares covered by the over-allotment option described below. The underwriting agreement also provides that if an underwriter defaults, the purchase commitments of non-defaulting underwriters may be increased or the offering may be terminated.

        We and the selling stockholders have granted to the underwriters a 30-day option to purchase up to 577,500 additional shares. The selling stockholders have the first right to provide all or any portion of the additional shares. If the selling stockholders elect to provide only a portion of the additional shares in the over-allotment, the remainder of the additional shares to be purchased by the underwriters will be purchased from us. If the selling stockholders choose not to participate in the over-allotment, all of the additional shares to be purchased by the underwriters will be purchased from us. All shares of our common stock sold pursuant to the over-allotment will be sold at the public offering price, less the underwriting discounts and commissions. The option may be exercised only to cover any over-allotments of common stock.

        The underwriters propose to offer the shares of common stock initially at the public offering price on the cover page of this prospectus and to selling group members at that price less a selling concession of $            per share. The underwriters and selling group members may allow a discount of $    per share on sales to other broker/dealers. After the initial public offering the representatives may change the public offering price and concession and discount to broker/dealers.

        We will pay all the expenses in connection with the registration and sale of our shares and the shares being offered by the selling stockholders. The following table summarizes the compensation and estimated expenses we and the selling stockholders will pay:

 
  Per Share
  Total
Paid by us

  Without
Over-allotment

  With
Over-allotment

  Without
Over-allotment

  With
Over-allotment

Underwriting Discounts and Commissions paid by us   $     $     $     $  
Expenses payable by us   $     $     $     $  
 
  Per Share
  Total
Paid by Selling Stockholders

  Without
Over-allotment

  With
Over-allotment

  Without
Over-allotment

  With
Over-allotment

Underwriting Discounts and Commissions paid by Selling Stockholders   $     $     $     $  

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        We have agreed that we will not offer, sell, contract to sell, pledge or otherwise dispose of, directly or indirectly, or file with the Securities and Exchange Commission a registration statement under the Securities Act relating to, any shares of our common stock or securities convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for any shares of our common stock, or publicly disclose the intention to make any offer, sale, pledge, disposition or filing, without the prior written consent of Credit Suisse First Boston LLC for a period of 90 days after the date of this prospectus, except grants of options to purchase shares of common stock under stock option plans existing and in effect on the date of this prospectus and issuances of common stock pursuant to the exercise of stock options outstanding on the date of this prospectus.

        Our officers and directors and the selling stockholders have agreed that they will not offer, sell, contract to sell, pledge or otherwise dispose of, directly or indirectly, any shares of our common stock or securities convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for any shares of our common stock, enter into a transaction that would have the same effect, or enter into any swap, hedge or other arrangement that transfers, in whole or in part, any of the economic consequences of ownership of our common stock, whether any of these transactions are to be settled by delivery of our common stock or other securities, in cash or otherwise, or publicly disclose the intention to make any offer, sale, pledge or disposition, or to enter into any transaction, swap, hedge or other arrangement, without, in each case, the prior written consent of Credit Suisse First Boston LLC for a period of 90 days after the date of this prospectus.

        We and the selling stockholders have agreed to indemnify the underwriters against liabilities under the Securities Act, or contribute to payments that the underwriters may be required to make in that respect.

        Certain of the underwriters and their respective affiliates have from time to time performed and may in the future perform various financial advisory, commercial banking and investment banking services for us in the ordinary course of business, for which they have received and may continue to receive customary fees and commissions. One of our directors, Leandro S. Galban, Jr., is Vice Chairman and a Managing Director of Credit Suisse First Boston LLC, one of the underwriters of this offering.

        In connection with the offering the underwriters may engage in stabilizing transactions, over-allotment transactions, syndicate covering transactions, penalty bids and passive market making in accordance with Regulation M under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

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These stabilizing transactions, syndicate covering transactions and penalty bids may have the effect of raising or maintaining the market price of our common stock or preventing or retarding a decline in the market price of the common stock. As a result, the price of our common stock may be higher than the price that might otherwise exist in the open market. These transactions may be effected on the NASDAQ Stock Market and, if commenced, may be discontinued at any time.

        A prospectus in electronic format may be made available on the web sites maintained by one or more of the underwriters or selling group members, if any, participating in this offering and one or more of the underwriters participating in this offering may distribute prospectuses electronically. The representatives may agree to allocate a number of shares to underwriters and selling group members for sale to their online brokerage account holders. Internet distributions will be allocated by the underwriters and selling group members that will make internet distributions on the same basis as other allocations.

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NOTICE TO CANADIAN RESIDENTS

Resale Restrictions

        The distribution of the common stock in Canada is being made only on a private placement basis exempt from the requirement that we and the selling stockholders prepare and file a prospectus with the securities regulatory authorities in each province where trades of common stock are made. Any resale of the common stock in Canada must be made under applicable securities laws which will vary depending on the relevant jurisdiction, and which may require resales to be made under available statutory exemptions or under a discretionary exemption granted by the applicable Canadian securities regulatory authority. Purchasers are advised to seek legal advice prior to any resale of the common stock.

Representations of Purchasers

        By purchasing common stock in Canada, and accepting a purchase confirmation, a purchaser is representing to us, the selling stockholders and the dealer from whom the purchase confirmation is received that

Rights of Action—Ontario Purchasers Only

        Under Ontario securities legislation, a purchaser who purchases a security offered by this prospectus during the period of distribution will have a statutory right of action for damages, or while still the owner of the shares, for rescission against us and the selling stockholders in the event that this prospectus contains a misrepresentation. A purchaser will be deemed to have relied on the misrepresentation. The right of action for damages is exercisable not later than the earlier of 180 days from the date the purchaser first had knowledge of the facts giving rise to the cause of action and three years from the date on which payment is made for the shares. The right of action for rescission is exercisable not later than 180 days from the date on which payment is made for the shares. If a purchaser elects to exercise the right of action for rescission, the purchaser will have no right of action for damages against us or the selling stockholders. In no case will the amount recoverable in any action exceed the price at which the shares were offered to the purchaser and if the purchaser is shown to have purchased the securities with knowledge of the misrepresentation, we and the selling stockholders will have no liability. In the case of an action for damages, we and the selling stockholders will not be liable for all or any portion of the damages that are proven to not represent the depreciation in value of the shares as a result of the misrepresentation relied upon. These rights are in addition to, and without derogation from, any other rights or remedies available at law to an Ontario purchaser. The foregoing is a summary of the rights available to an Ontario purchaser. Ontario purchasers should refer to the complete text of the relevant statutory provisions.

Enforcement of Legal Rights

        All of our directors and officers, as well as the experts named herein and the selling stockholders, may be located outside of Canada and, as a result, it may not be possible for Canadian purchasers to effect service of process within Canada upon us or those persons. All or a substantial portion of our assets and the assets of those persons may be located outside of Canada and, as a result, it may not be possible to satisfy a judgment against us or those persons in Canada or to enforce a judgment obtained in Canadian courts against us or those persons outside of Canada.

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Taxation and Eligibility for Investment

        Canadian purchasers of common stock should consult their own legal and tax advisors with respect to the tax consequences of an investment in the common stock in their particular circumstances and about the eligibility of the common stock for investment by the purchaser under relevant Canadian legislation.


VALIDITY OF THE COMMON STOCK

        The validity of the shares of common stock offered in this prospectus will be passed upon for us by LeBoeuf, Lamb, Greene & MacRae, L.L.P., a limited liability partnership including professional corporations, New York, New York. Certain legal matters in connection with the shares of common stock offered in this prospectus will be passed upon for the underwriters by Dewey Ballantine LLP, New York, New York.


EXPERTS

        The consolidated financial statements and related financial statement schedules of The Navigators Group, Inc. as of December 31, 2002 and December 31, 2001, and for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2002, have been included and incorporated by reference in this prospectus in reliance upon the reports of KPMG LLP, independent accountants, appearing elsewhere and incorporated by reference herein, and upon the authority of said firm as experts in accounting and auditing.


WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION ABOUT US

        We are subject to the informational reporting requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which requires us to file annual, quarterly and special reports, proxy statements and other information with the Securities and Exchange Commission. You may read and copy any document that we file at the Public Reference Room of the Securities and Exchange Commission at 450 Fifth Street, N.W., Washington, DC 20549. Information on the operation of the Public Reference Room may be obtained by calling the Securities and Exchange Commission at 1-800-SEC-0330. You may also inspect our filings at the regional offices of the Securities and Exchange Commission or over the Internet at the Securities and Exchange Commission's home page at http://www.sec.gov.


INCORPORATION OF INFORMATION THAT WE FILE WITH
THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

        The Securities and Exchange Commission allows us to "incorporate by reference" the information we file with them, which means that we can disclose important information to you by referring you to those documents. The information incorporated by reference is considered to be part of this prospectus, and later information that we file with the Securities and Exchange Commission will automatically update and supersede this information and the information in the prospectus. We incorporate by reference the documents listed below and any future filings made by us with the Securities and Exchange Commission under Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 until we sell all of the securities covered by this prospectus:

        You may request a copy of these filings at no cost, by writing or telephoning The Navigators Group, Inc., One Penn Plaza, New York, New York 10119, telephone: (212) 244-2333.

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INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 
   
  Page
Audited Consolidated Financial Statements    

Independent Auditors' Report

 

F-2

Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 2002 and 2001

 

F-3

Consolidated Statements of Income for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2002

 

F-4

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2002

 

F-5

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2002

 

F-6

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

F-7
Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements    

Consolidated Balance Sheets at June 30, 2003 and December 31, 2002

 

F-31

Consolidated Statements of Income for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2003 and 2002

 

F-32

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2003 and 2002

 

F-33

Notes to Interim Consolidated Financial Statements

 

F-34

F-1



INDEPENDENT AUDITORS' REPORT

The Board of Directors and Stockholders

The Navigators Group, Inc.

        We have audited the consolidated balance sheets of The Navigators Group, Inc. and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2002 and 2001, and the related consolidated statements of income, stockholders' equity and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2002. These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits.

        We conducted our audits in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

        In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of The Navigators Group, Inc. and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2002 and 2001, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2002, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

    KPMG LLP

New York, New York
March 12, 2003

 

 

F-2



THE NAVIGATORS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(In thousands, except share data)

 
  December 31,
 
 
  2002
  2001
 
ASSETS              
Investments and cash:              
  Fixed maturities, available-for-sale, at fair value (amortized cost: 2002, $351,821; 2001, $287,707)   $ 366,676   $ 292,065  
  Equity securities, available-for-sale, at fair value (cost: 2002, $12,286; 2001, $7,225)     11,674     7,675  
  Short-term investments, at cost which approximates fair value     61,092     27,534  
  Cash     13,443     5,816  
   
 
 
      Total investments and cash     452,885     333,090  
   
 
 
Premiums in course of collection     108,672     76,681  
Accrued investment income     3,309     3,416  
Prepaid reinsurance premiums     58,902     35,124  
Reinsurance receivable on paid and unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses     243,153     222,009  
Federal income tax recoverable     826     969  
Net deferred income tax benefit     6,470     10,023  
Deferred policy acquisition costs     23,632     13,656  
Goodwill     5,167     4,915  
Other assets     14,903     12,874  
   
 
 
      Total assets   $ 917,919   $ 712,757  
   
 
 
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY              
Liabilities:              
  Reserves for losses and loss adjustment expenses   $ 489,642   $ 401,177  
  Unearned premium     167,372     97,035  
  Reinsurance balances payable     55,574     41,830  
  Notes payable to banks     14,500     19,000  
  Payable for securities     5,327      
  Accounts payable and other liabilities     14,229     6,509  
   
 
 
      Total liabilities     746,644     565,551  
   
 
 
Stockholders' equity:              
  Preferred stock, $.10 par value, authorized 1,000,000 shares, none issued          
  Common stock, $.10 par value, authorized 20,000,000 shares in 2002 and 10,000,000 in 2001; issued and outstanding (net of treasury stock) 8,486,272 in 2002 and 8,427,262 in 2001     851     847  
  Additional paid-in capital     40,141     39,511  
  Treasury stock held at cost (shares: 16,423 in 2002 and 35,908 in 2001)     (236 )   (516 )
  Accumulated other comprehensive income:              
    Net unrealized gains on securities available-for-sale (net of tax expense of $4,693 in 2002 and $1,177 in 2001)     9,499     2,572  
    Foreign currency translation adjustment (net of tax expense of $132 in 2002 and $216 in 2001)     233     402  
  Retained earnings     120,787     104,390  
   
 
 
      Total stockholders' equity     171,275     147,206  
   
 
 
      Total liabilities and stockholders' equity   $ 917,919   $ 712,757  
   
 
 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

F-3



THE NAVIGATORS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME

(In thousands, except net income per share)

 
  Year Ended December 31,
 
  2002
  2001
  2000
Revenues:                  
  Net earned premium   $ 226,294   $ 150,244   $ 97,240
  Commission income     4,827     4,237     3,787
  Net investment income     18,058     19,354     18,447
  Net realized capital gains     1,668     790     265
  Other income (expense)     1,821     (3,451 )   345
   
 
 
    Total revenues     252,668     171,174     120,084
   
 
 
Operating expenses:                  
  Net losses and loss adjustment expenses incurred     143,400     106,245     63,012
  Commission expense     47,404     31,127     20,078
  Other operating expenses     39,077     27,066     24,875
  Interest expense     571     1,376     1,781
   
 
 
    Total operating expenses     230,452     165,814     109,746
   
 
 
Income before income tax expense     22,216     5,360     10,338
   
 
 
Income tax expense (benefit):                  
  Current     5,695     2,571     2,565
  Deferred     124     (879 )   741
   
 
 
    Total income tax expense     5,819     1,692     3,306
   
 
 

Net income

 

$

16,397

 

$

3,668

 

$

7,032
   
 
 
Net income per common share:                  
  Basic   $ 1.94   $ 0.44   $ 0.84
  Diluted   $ 1.89   $ 0.43   $ 0.84

Average common shares outstanding:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
  Basic     8,463     8,419     8,414
  Diluted     8,676     8,547     8,414

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

F-4



THE NAVIGATORS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY

(In thousands)

 
  Year Ended December 31,
 
  2002
  2001
  2000
Preferred stock                                    
  Balance at beginning and end of year   $         $         $      
   
       
       
     
Common stock                                    
  Balance at beginning of year   $ 847         $ 846         $ 846      
  Issuance of common stock during the year     4           1                
   
       
       
     
  Balance at end of year   $ 851         $ 847         $ 846      
   
       
       
     
Additional paid-in capital                                    
  Balance at beginning of year   $ 39,511         $ 39,413         $ 39,447      
  Issuance of common stock during the year     630           98           (34 )    
   
       
       
     
  Balance at end of year   $ 40,141         $ 39,511         $ 39,413      
   
       
       
     
Retained earnings                                    
  Balance at beginning of year   $ 104,390         $ 100,722         $ 93,690      
  Net income     16,397   $ 16,397     3,668   $ 3,668     7,032   $ 7,032
   
 
 
 
 
 
  Balance at end of year   $ 120,787         $ 104,390         $ 100,722      
   
       
       
     

Treasury stock held at cost

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
  Balance at beginning of year   $ (516 )       $ (594 )       $ (700 )    
  Purchase of treasury stock                              
  Shares issued to directors     43           78           106      
  Shares issued to officers     237                          
   
       
       
     
Balance at end of year   $ (236 )       $ (516 )       $ (594 )    
   
       
       
     
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)                                    
  Balance at beginning of year   $ 2,974         $ 3,093         $ (2,918 )    
  Net unrealized gains (losses) on securities, net of tax expense (benefit) of $3,516, ($216) and $2,999 in 2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively(1)           6,927           (250 )         5,802
  Foreign currency gains (losses), net of tax expense (benefit) of $(84), $71 and $112 in 2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively           (169 )         131           209
         
       
       
  Other comprehensive income (loss)     6,758     6,758     (119 )   (119 )   6,011     6,011
   
 
 
 
 
 
  Comprehensive income         $ 23,155         $ 3,549         $ 13,043
         
       
       
  Balance at end of year   $ 9,732         $ 2,974         $ 3,093      
   
       
       
     
Total stockholders' equity at end of year   $ 171,275         $ 147,206         $ 143,480      
   
       
       
     
(1)  Disclosure of reclassification amount:                                    
    Unrealized holding gains arising during period         $ 8,172         $ 489         $ 6,005
    Less:  reclassification adjustment for net gains included in net income           1,246           739           203
         
       
       
    Net unrealized gains (losses) on securities         $ 6,926         $ (250 )       $ 5,802
         
       
       

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

F-5



THE NAVIGATORS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(In thousands)

 
  Year Ended December 31,
 
 
  2002
  2001
  2000
 
Operating activities:                    
  Net income   $ 16,397   $ 3,668   $ 7,032  
  Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:                    
    Depreciation & amortization     1,044     1,278     1,173  
    Net deferred income tax     124     (879 )   741  
    Net realized capital (gains)     (1,668 )   (790 )   (265 )
  Changes in assets and liabilities:                    
    Reinsurance receivable on paid and unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses     (21,144 )   (24,977 )   33,185  
    Reserve for losses and loss adjustment expenses     88,465     43,503     (33,420 )
    Prepaid reinsurance premiums     (23,778 )   (8,850 )   (1,509 )
    Unearned premium     70,337     30,797     11,235  
    Premiums in course of collection     (31,991 )   (17,478 )   5,275  
    Deferred policy acquisition costs     (9,976 )   (5,256 )   (2,522 )
    Accrued investment income     107     (291 )   125  
    Reinsurance balances payable     13,744     20,087     (3,360 )
    Federal income tax     143     (506 )   1,553  
    Other     6,692     973     903  
   
 
 
 
      Net cash provided by operating activities     108,496     41,279     20,146  
   
 
 
 
Investing activities:                    
  Fixed maturities, available-for-sale
Redemptions and maturities
    3,056     2,095     11,516  
    Sales     207,961     102,977     60,133  
    Purchases     (274,792 )   (131,058 )   (83,336 )
  Equity securities, available-for-sale                    
    Sales     5,531     2,347     9,653  
    Purchases     (9,263 )   (3,909 )   (3,422 )
  Change in receivable/payable for securities     5,327     1,800     (1,800 )
  Net purchases of short-term investments     (33,558 )   (9,349 )   (11,439 )
  Purchase of property and equipment     (1,102 )   (382 )   (1,910 )
   
 
 
 
      Net cash (used in) investing activities     (96,840 )   (35,479 )   (20,605 )
   
 
 
 
Financing activities:                    
  Proceeds from bank loan             3,000  
  Repayment of bank loan     (4,500 )   (3,000 )   (5,000 )
  Proceeds from exercise of stock options     471     105      
   
 
 
 
      Net cash (used in) financing activities     (4,029 )   (2,895 )   (2,000 )
   
 
 
 
Increase (decrease) in cash     7,627     2,905     (2,459 )
Cash at beginning of year     5,816     2,911     5,370  
   
 
 
 
Cash at end of year   $ 13,443   $ 5,816   $ 2,911  
   
 
 
 
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:                    
  Federal, state and local income tax paid   $ 5,673   $ 2,959   $ 1,236  
  Interest paid     554     1,389     1,805  
  Issuance of stock to directors     60     72     72  

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

F-6



THE NAVIGATORS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Note 1. Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

        The accompanying consolidated financial statements consisting of the accounts of The Navigators Group, Inc., a Delaware holding company, and its twelve active wholly owned subsidiaries, are prepared on the basis of accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP"). Unless the context otherwise requires, the term "Company" as used herein means The Navigators Group, Inc. and its subsidiaries. All significant intercompany transactions and balances are eliminated. Certain amounts for prior years have been reclassified to conform to the current year's presentation. Historically, the Company reported Funds due from Lloyd's syndicate as a separate line item on its balance sheets. The balance consisted primarily of investments, cash and premiums receivable resulting from the Company's participation in Lloyd's Syndicate 1221. Commencing in 2002, the Company has recorded the amounts due from Lloyd's Syndicate 1221 as part of their separate components in its financial statements. As a result, the amounts previously classified as Funds due from Lloyd's syndicate have been reclassified to conform to the current year's presentation.

        The Company's two insurance subsidiaries are Navigators Insurance Company ("Navigators Insurance"), which includes a United Kingdom Branch ("UK Branch"), and NIC Insurance Company ("NIC"). Navigators Insurance is the Company's largest insurance subsidiary and has been active since 1983. It specializes principally in underwriting marine insurance and related lines of business, contractors' general liability insurance, and professional liability insurance. NIC, a wholly owned subsidiary of Navigators Insurance, began operations in 1990. It underwrites a small book of surplus lines insurance fully reinsured by Navigators Insurance. Navigators Insurance and NIC are collectively referred to herein as the "Insurance Companies".

        Five of the Company's wholly owned insurance underwriting agencies (the "Navigators Agencies"), produce business for the Insurance Companies. They specialize in writing marine and related lines of business, general liability insurance and professional liability coverages.

        Each of the Navigators Agencies write marine and related business for Navigators Insurance and four unaffiliated insurance companies. The five insurance companies comprise a marine insurance pool. Marine insurance policies are issued by Navigators Insurance with the business shared through the pool. Navigators Insurance had a 75% net participation in the pool.

        Navigators Specialty, a division of a Navigators Agency located in San Francisco, California, produces business exclusively for the Insurance Companies. It specializes in underwriting general liability insurance coverage for general contractors and small artisans as well as small commercial risks with the majority of the business located on the west coast of the U.S.

        Navigators Pro, a division of a Navigators Agency located in New York, specializes in underwriting professional liability insurance and began producing directors & officers liability insurance exclusively for the Insurance Companies in the fourth quarter of 2001. In late 2002, Navigators Pro introduced additional products to complement its directors & officers liability coverage. The products include employment practices liability, lawyers professional liability and miscellaneous professional liability coverages.

        Navigators Holdings (UK) Limited is a holding company for the Company's UK subsidiaries consisting of the Lloyd's Operations and Navigators Management (UK) Limited, a Navigators Agency, which produces business for the UK Branch of Navigators Insurance. The Lloyd's Operations consist of Navigators Underwriting Agency Ltd. ("NUAL"), a Lloyd's of London ("Lloyd's") marine underwriting managing agency which manages Lloyd's Syndicate 1221, Millennium Underwriting Ltd. ("Millennium") and Navigators Corporate Underwriters Ltd. ("NCUL"). Both Millennium and NCUL are Lloyd's

F-7



corporate members with limited liability and provide capacity to Lloyd's Syndicate 1221. NUAL owns Pennine Underwriting Ltd., an underwriting managing agency with offices in Manchester and Leeds, England, which underwrites cargo and engineering business for Lloyd's Syndicate 1221.

        The Company's revenue is primarily comprised of premiums, commissions and investment income. The Insurance Companies derive their premium primarily from business written by the Navigators Agencies. The Lloyd's Operations derive their premium primarily from business written by NUAL. The Navigators Agencies and NUAL receive commissions and, in some cases, profit commissions and service fees on the business produced.

Investments

        Investments are classified into one of three categories. Held-to-maturity securities are debt securities that the owner has the positive intent and ability to hold to maturity and are reported at amortized cost. Trading securities are debt and equity securities that are purchased and held principally for the purpose of selling them in the near term and are reported at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses included in earnings. Available-for-sale securities are debt and equity securities not classified as either held-to-maturity securities or trading securities and are reported at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses excluded from earnings and reported in other comprehensive income as a separate component of stockholders' equity. As of December 31, 2002 and 2001, all fixed maturity and equity securities held by the Company were classified as available-for-sale. Premiums and discounts on fixed maturity securities are amortized into interest income over the life of the security under the interest method. Fixed maturity securities include bonds and mortgage and asset backed securities. Equity securities consist of common stock. All fixed maturity and equity securities are carried at fair value. The fair value is based on quoted market prices or dealer quotes provided by independent pricing services.

        Prepayment assumptions for mortgage and asset backed securities were obtained from broker/dealer survey values or from outside investment managers. These assumptions are consistent with the current interest rate and economic environment.

        Short-term investments are carried at cost, which approximates fair value. Short-term investments mature within one year from the purchase date.

        Realized gains and losses on sales of investments are determined on the basis of the specific identification method. When a decline in fair value of investments is considered to be "other-than-temporary," the investments are written down to fair value through a charge to operations.

Lloyd's Syndicate

        We record our pro rata share of Lloyd's syndicate assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, after making adjustments to convert Lloyd's accounting to U.S. GAAP. The most significant U.S. GAAP adjustments relate to income recognition. Lloyd's syndicates determine underwriting results by year of account at the end of three years. We record adjustments to recognize underwriting results as incurred, including the expected ultimate cost of losses incurred. These adjustments to losses are based on actuarial analysis of syndicate accounts, including forecasts of expected ultimate losses provided by the syndicates. At the end of the Lloyd's three year period for determining underwriting results for an account year, the syndicate will close the account year by reinsuring outstanding claims on that account

F-8



year with the participants for the account's next underwriting year. The amount to close an underwriting year into the next year is referred to as the "reinsurance to close". The reinsurance to close transactions are recorded as additional written and earned premium, losses incurred, loss reserves and receivables, all in the same amount. The reinsurance to close was $1.6 million, $4.2 million and $7.9 million for each of the years in the three year period ended December 31, 2002. There were no gains or losses recorded on the reinsurance to close transactions.

Premium Revenues

        Insurance premiums are recognized as revenue ratably over the period of the insurance contract or over the period of risk if the period of risk differs significantly from the contract period. Written premium is recorded based on the insurance policies that have been reported to the Company and the policies that have been written by the agents but not yet reported to the Company. The Company must estimate the amount of written premium not yet reported based on judgments relative to current and historical trends of the business being written. Such estimates are regularly reviewed and updated and any resulting adjustments are included in the current year's results. An unearned premium reserve is established to reflect the unexpired portion of each policy at the financial reporting date.

Commission Income

        Commission income consists of commissions and profit commissions from the unaffiliated insurance companies. Commissions from those unaffiliated insurers are based on gross earned premiums and are recognized as revenue ratably over the same period as the related premiums are recognized as revenue. Profit commission is based on estimated net underwriting income of the unaffiliated insurers and is accrued over the period in which the related income is recognized. The calculation consists of 20% of the excess, if any, of earned premium over incurred losses, commissions and other expenses. There are no termination adjustments related to profit commissions. Changes in prior estimates of commission income are recorded when such changes become known.

Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs

        Costs of acquiring business which vary with and are directly related to the production of business are deferred and amortized ratably over the period that the related premiums are recognized as revenue. Such costs primarily include commission expense, other underwriting expenses and premium taxes. The method of computing deferred policy acquisition costs limits the deferral to their estimated net realizable value based on the related unearned premiums and takes into account anticipated losses and loss adjustment expenses and maintenance expenses based on historical and current experience and anticipated investment income.

Reserves for Losses and Loss Adjustment Expenses

        Unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses are determined on an individual basis for claims reported on direct business for insureds, from reports received from ceding insurers for insurance assumed from such insurers and on estimates based on Company and industry experience for incurred but not reported claims and loss adjustment expenses. The provision for unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses has been established to cover the estimated unpaid cost of claims incurred. Such estimates are regularly reviewed and updated and any resulting adjustments are included in the current

F-9



year's results. Management believes that the unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses are adequate to cover the ultimate unpaid claims incurred, however, such provisions are necessarily based on estimates and, accordingly, no representation is made that the ultimate liability will not exceed such amounts.

Net Income Per Share

        Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of shares outstanding for the period. Diluted earnings per share reflects the basic earnings per share adjusted for the potential dilution that would occur if the issued stock options were exercised.

Reinsurance Ceded

        Reinsurance ceded, which transfers risk and the related premiums, commissions and losses incurred to the reinsurer, is reflected as reductions of the respective income and expense accounts. Unearned premiums ceded and estimates of amounts recoverable from reinsurers on paid and unpaid losses are reflected as assets.

Depreciation and Amortization

        Depreciation of furniture and fixtures and electronic data processing equipment, and amortization of computer software is provided over the estimated useful lives of the respective assets, ranging from three to seven years, using the straight-line method. Amortization of leasehold improvements is provided over the estimated lives of the leases using the straight-line method.

        The Company capitalizes the costs of computer software developed or purchased for internal use. As of December 31, 2002 and 2001, unamortized computer software costs were $680,000 and $820,000, respectively. Amortization of computer software expense amounted to $450,000, $395,000 and $377,000 in 2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively.

Goodwill

        Goodwill was $5,167,000 and $4,915,000 at December 31, 2002 and 2001, respectively, net of accumulated amortization of $1,088,000 and $1,088,000, respectively. Amortization expense was $0, $298,000, and $304,000 in 2002, 2001, and 2000, respectively.

        The Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards ("SFAS") 141, Business Combinations, and SFAS 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets. The Company adopted both SFAS 141 and SFAS 142 effective January 1, 2002. SFAS 141 requires that the purchase method of accounting be used for all business combinations initiated after September 30, 2001. It also specifies that intangible assets acquired in a purchase method business combination be recognized and reported apart from goodwill. SFAS 142 changes the accounting for goodwill and intangible assets that have indefinite useful lives from an amortization approach to an impairment-only approach that requires that those assets be tested at least annually for impairment. Intangible assets that have finite useful lives will continue to be amortized over their useful lives, but without an arbitrary ceiling on their useful lives. The Company completed its impairment review resulting in no impairment of goodwill as of January 1, 2002. In addition, no other intangible assets were required to be reclassified and accounted for as an asset apart from goodwill upon adoption of SFAS 142. No

F-10



expense for amortization of goodwill has been recorded in 2002 compared to an after tax expense of $244,000 and $252,000 recorded in 2001 and 2000, respectively. Net income for the twelve months ended December 31, 2001 and 2000, excluding the amortization of goodwill expense, would have been $3,912,000 and $7,284,000, respectively, and both basic and diluted earnings per share for the twelve months ended December 31, 2002 and 2001 would have increased by $0.03 per share for each year. Goodwill of $2,534,000 was recorded for the Navigators Agencies' segment at both December 31, 2002 and 2001, and $2,633,000 and $2,381,000 for the Lloyd's Operations' segment at December 31, 2002 and 2001, respectively. Goodwill on the Company's consolidated balance sheets may fluctuate due to changes in the foreign currency rates between the U.S. dollar and the British pound. The adoption of SFAS 141 had no impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

Stock-Based Compensation

        SFAS 123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation, establishes financial accounting and reporting standards for stock-based compensation plans. As permitted by SFAS 123, the Company continues to use the accounting method prescribed by Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees ("APB 25"). Companies using APB 25 are required to make pro forma disclosures of net income and earnings per share as if the fair value method of accounting, as defined in SFAS 123, had been applied, as indicated in the following table:

 
   
  Year Ended December 31,
 
   
  2002
  2001
  2000
Net income (in thousands):   As reported   $ 16,397   $ 3,668   $ 7,032
    Pro forma   $ 16,076   $ 3,415   $ 6,855

Basic income per share:

 

As reported

 

$

1.94

 

$

0.44

 

$

0.84
    Pro forma   $ 1.90   $ 0.41   $ 0.81

Diluted income per share:

 

As reported

 

$

1.89

 

$

0.43

 

$

0.84
    Pro forma   $ 1.85   $ 0.40   $ 0.81

Federal Income Taxes

        The Company files a consolidated Federal income tax return with its U.S. subsidiaries. The Company applies the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes. Under the asset and liability method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax basis. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date.

Use of Estimates

        The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of

F-11



contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from these estimates.

Application of New Accounting Standards

        SFAS 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, was issued in June 1998 and establishes accounting and reporting standards for derivative instruments, including certain derivative instruments embedded in other contracts, (collectively referred to as derivatives) and for hedging activities. It requires that an entity recognize all derivatives as either assets or liabilities in the statement of financial position and measure those instruments at fair value. SFAS 133, as amended by SFAS 137, Deferral of the Effective Date of SFAS No.133, is effective for all fiscal quarters of fiscal years beginning after June 15, 2000. SFAS 133 should not be applied retroactively to financial statements of prior periods. In June 2000, the FASB issued SFAS 138, Accounting for Certain Derivative Instruments and Certain Hedging Activities, an amendment of SFAS 133, which amends certain accounting and reporting standards of SFAS 133. The adoption of these statements at January 1, 2001 did not have any effect on the Company's results of operations or financial condition.

        In June 2001, the FASB issued SFAS 143, Accounting for Asset Retirement Obligations. SFAS 143 addresses financial accounting and reporting for obligations associated with the retirement of tangible long-lived assets and the associated asset retirement costs. The provisions of SFAS 143 are effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after September 15, 2002, with early application encouraged. The adoption of this statement is not expected to have a material effect on the Company's results of operations or financial condition.

        In July 2002, the FASB issued SFAS 146, Obligations Associated with Disposal Activities. SFAS 146 addresses financial accounting and reporting for costs associated with a disposal activity. This statement requires a liability for a disposal obligation be recognized and measured at its fair value when it is incurred and that the guidance of SFAS 5, Accounting for Contingencies, and FASB Interpretation No. 14, Reasonable Estimation of the Amount of Loss, do not apply to the recognition and measurement of the liability. The provisions of SFAS 146 are effective for disposal activities initiated after December 31, 2002, with early application encouraged. The adoption of this statement is not expected to have a material effect on the Company's results of operations or financial condition.

        In November 2002, the FASB issued Interpretation No. 45, Guarantor's Accounting and Disclosure Requirements for Guarantees, Including Indirect Guarantees of Indebtedness of Others. This Interpretation clarifies the requirements for a guarantor's accounting for the disclosures of certain guarantees issued and outstanding. The disclosure requirements in this Interpretation are effective for financial statements of interim or annual periods ending after December 15, 2002. The adoption of this interpretation did not have any effect on the Company's results of operations or financial condition.

        In December 2002, the FASB issued SFAS 148, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation, Amendment of FASB Statement No. 123. The provisions of this statement provide alternative methods of transition for a voluntary change to the fair value based method of accounting for stock-based employee compensation. The provisions are effective for financial statements for fiscal years ending after December 15, 2002. We follow the disclosure provisions of SFAS 123, Accounting for Stock Compensation, as amended by SFAS 148. These require pro forma net income and earnings per share

F-12



information, which is calculated assuming we had accounted for our stock option plans under the "fair value method" described in those statements.

        In January 2003, the FASB issued Interpretation No. 46, Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities. Interpretation 46 requires variable interest entities to be consolidated by their primary beneficiaries. The adoption of this interpretation will not have a material impact on the Company's financial condition or results of operations.

Note 2. Investments

        The Company's fixed maturities and equity securities at December 31, 2002 and 2001 were as follows:

December 31, 2002

  Amortized
Cost or Cost

  Gross
Unrealized
Gains

  Gross
Unrealized
(Losses)

  Fair
Value

 
   
  (In thousands)

   
Fixed maturities:                        
  U.S. Government Treasury Bonds and GNMAs   $ 159,729   $ 7,113   $   $ 166,842
  States, municipalities and political subdivisions     47,709     2,463     (45 )   50,127
  Mortgage and asset backed (excluding GNMAs)     63,830     1,664     (7 )   65,487
  Corporate bonds     80,553     4,017     (350 )   84,220
   
 
 
 
    Total fixed maturities   $ 351,821   $ 15,257   $ (402 ) $ 366,676
   
 
 
 
Equity securities—common stocks   $ 12,286   $ 245   $ (857 ) $ 11,674
   
 
 
 
December 31, 2001

  Amortized
Cost or Cost

  Gross
Unrealized
Gains

  Gross
Unrealized
(Losses)

  Fair
Value

 
   
  (In thousands)

   
Fixed maturities:                        
  U.S. Government Treasury Bonds and GNMAs   $ 96,626   $ 1,840   $ (517 ) $ 97,949
  States, municipalities and political subdivisions     44,538     1,372     (248 )   45,662
  Mortgage and asset backed (excluding GNMAs)     63,513     2,952     (2,259 )   64,206
  Corporate bonds     83,030     2,193     (975 )   84,248
   
 
 
 
    Total fixed maturities   $ 287,707   $ 8,357   $ (3,999 ) $ 292,065
   
 
 
 
Equity securities—common stocks   $ 7,225   $ 715   $ (265 ) $ 7,675
   
 
 
 

F-13


        The Company's fixed maturity securities by years of maturity were as follows:

Period from December 31, 2002 to Maturity

  Amortized
Cost

  Fair
Value

 
  (In thousands)


 

 

 

 

 

 

 
One year or less   $ 25,572   $ 25,797
Over one year through five years     91,555     94,754
Over five years through ten years     53,249     56,858
More than ten years     43,118     44,991
Mortgage and asset backed (including GNMAs)     138,327     144,276
   
 
  Total   $ 351,821   $ 366,676
   
 

        Due to the periodic repayment of principal, the mortgage and asset backed securities are estimated to have an effective maturity of approximately six years. Expected maturities may differ from contractual maturities because issuers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties.

        Net investment income of the Company was derived from the following sources:

 
  Year Ended December 31,
 
 
  2002
  2001
  2000
 
 
  (In thousands)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
Fixed maturities   $ 17,085   $ 18,801   $ 17,801  
Equity securities     378     271     252  
Short-term investments     1,333     861     997  
   
 
 
 
      18,796     19,933     19,050  
Investment expenses     (738 )   (579 )   (603 )
   
 
 
 
Net investment income   $ 18,058   $ 19,354   $ 18,447  
   
 
 
 

F-14


        The Company's realized capital gains and losses were as follows:

 
  Year Ended December 31,
 
 
  2002
  2001
  2000
 
 
  (In thousands)

 
Fixed maturities:                    
  Gains   $ 5,491   $ 2,961   $ 975  
  (Losses)     (5,105 )   (2,237 )   (1,454 )
   
 
 
 
      386     724     (479 )
   
 
 
 
Equity securities and other investments:                    
  Gains     1,636     467     1,168  
  (Losses)     (354 )   (401 )   (424 )
   
 
 
 
      1,282     66     744  
   
 
 
 
Net realized capital gains   $ 1,668   $ 790   $ 265  
   
 
 
 

        The 2002 and 2001 realized fixed maturities losses include $2,905,000 and $1,618,000, respectively, of impairment losses recorded on certain of the Company's asset backed securities.

        At December 31, 2002 and 2001, fixed maturities with amortized values of $8,162,000 and $7,989,000, respectively, were on deposit with various State Insurance Departments. In addition, at December 31, 2002 and 2001, investments of $165,000 and $161,000, respectively, were on deposit with the Bank of England for Navigators Insurance's UK Branch. Also, at December 31, 2002 and 2001, $290,000 of investments were pledged as security under a reinsurance treaty.

        At December 31, 2002 the Company did not have a concentration of greater than 10% of invested assets in a single issuer.

Note 3. Notes Payable and Letters of Credit

        The Company's bank credit facility provides a $14.5 million revolving line of credit at an interest rate of either, at the Company's election, the base commercial lending rate of one of the banks or at LIBOR plus 1.25% on the used portion of the line of credit. The commitment fee on the unused portion of the line of credit is 0.25%. The line of credit facility reduces each quarter by amounts totaling $5.5 million in 2003 and $9.0 million in 2004. At December 31, 2002 and 2001, $14.5 million and $19.0 million in loans were outstanding, respectively, under the revolving line of credit facility at interest rates of 2.7% and 3.4%, respectively. The credit facility also provides for a $55 million letter of credit facility which is utilized primarily by NCUL and Millennium to participate in Lloyd's Syndicate 1221. The cost of the letters of credit is 1.3% for the used portion and 0.25% for the unused portion of the letter of credit facility. At December 31, 2002 and 2001, letters of credit with an aggregate face amount of $53.3 million and $47.5 million, respectively, were issued under the letter of credit facility. No letters of credit were drawn down from the credit facility in 2002.

F-15



        The bank credit facility is collateralized by the common stock of Navigators Insurance. It contains covenants common to transactions of this type, including restrictions on indebtedness and liens, limitations on mergers and the sale of assets, maintaining certain consolidated tangible net worth, statutory surplus, and other financial ratios. At December 31, 2002, the Company complied with all covenants.

        Other income/(expense) for 2001 consisted primarily of a $3,800,000 charge related to the Company's former investment in Riverside equal to a letter of credit previously provided to Riverside Corporate Underwriters, Ltd. ("RCUL"), a subsidiary of Riverside and a Lloyd's corporate name. Lloyd's informed the Company in 2001 that the Company's letter of credit would be utilized to fund part of the adverse development in the Lloyd's syndicates in which RCUL provided capacity in 1998 and 1999. The entire letter of credit was drawn down in late 2001. The Company believes that it has no further exposure to Riverside.

Note 4. Fiduciary Funds

        The Navigators Agencies maintain fiduciary accounts for the insurance pools they manage. Functions performed by the Navigators Agencies include underwriting business, collecting premiums from the insured, paying claims, collecting paid recoverables from reinsurers, paying reinsurance premiums to reinsurers and remitting net account balances to member insurance companies. Funds belonging to the insurance pools are held in a fiduciary capacity and are not included in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.

        The fiduciary accounts as of December 31, 2002 and 2001 were as follows:

 
  December 31,
 
 
  2002
  2001
 
 
  (In thousands)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
Cash and short-term investments   $ 49,131   $ 21,672  
Premiums receivable     40,013     40,391  
Reinsurance balances receivable (payable)     (13,685 )   (4,355 )
   
 
 
  Total assets   $ 75,459   $ 57,708  
   
 
 
Due to insurance companies   $ 75,459   $ 57,708  
   
 
 
  Total liabilities   $ 75,459   $ 57,708  
   
 
 

F-16


Note 5. Income Taxes

        The components of current and deferred income tax expense (benefit) were as follows:

 
  Year Ended December 31,
 
  2002
  2001
  2000
 
  (In thousands)

Current:                  
  Federal and foreign   $ 5,381   $ 2,394   $ 2,507
  State and local     314     177     58
   
 
 
    Total   $ 5,695   $ 2,571   $ 2,565
   
 
 
Deferred:                  
  Federal and foreign   $ 118   $ (546 ) $ 718
  State and local     6     (333 )   23
   
 
 
    Total   $ 124   $ (879 ) $ 741
   
 
 
Total income tax expense   $ 5,819   $ 1,692   $ 3,306
   
 
 

        A reconciliation of total income taxes applicable to pre-tax operating income and the amounts computed by applying the Federal statutory income tax rate to the pre-tax operating income was as follows:

 
  Year Ended December 31,
 
 
  2002
  2001
  2000
 
 
  (Dollars in thousands)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
Computed expected tax expense   $ 7,775   35.0 % $1,876   35.0 % $3,618   35.0 %
Tax-exempt interest     (712 ) (3.2 ) (771 ) (14.4 ) (1,313 ) (12.7 )
Dividends received deduction     (84 ) (0.4 ) (56 ) (1.1 ) (59 ) (0.6 )
State and local income taxes, net of Federal income tax     208   0.9   (101 ) (1.9 ) 53   0.6  
State and local tax net operating loss carryforward     (655 ) (2.9 ) (98 ) (1.8 ) (453 ) (4.4 )
Valuation allowance     (612 ) (2.8 ) 1,461   27.2   1,375   13.3  
Other     (101 ) (0.4 ) (619 ) (11.4 ) 85   0.8  
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
    $ 5,819   26.2 % $1,692   31.6 % $3,306   32.0 %
   
 
 
 
 
 
 

F-17


        The tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to Federal, foreign, state and local deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities were as follows:

 
  December 31,
 
 
  2002
  2001
 
 
  (In thousands)

 
Deferred tax assets:              
  Loss reserve discount   $ 8,932   $ 6,874  
  Unearned premium     6,091     3,203  
  Alternative minimum tax carryforward     968     3,861  
  Foreign operations net operating loss carryforward     4,529     5,796  
  State and local net operating loss carryforward     2,147     1,492  
  Other     736     648  
   
 
 
Total gross deferred tax assets     23,403     21,874  
Less: Valuation allowance     (6,676 )   (7,288 )
   
 
 
    Total deferred tax assets     16,727     14,586  
   
 
 
Deferred tax liabilities:              
  Deferred acquisition costs     (5,086 )   (2,789 )
  Contingent commission receivable     (407 )   (532 )
  Net unrealized gains on securities     (4,693 )   (1,177 )
  Net deferred state and local income tax     (71 )   (65 )
   
 
 
    Total deferred tax liabilities     (10,257 )   (4,563 )
   
 
 
    Net deferred tax asset   $ 6,470   $ 10,023  
   
 
 

        In assessing the realization of deferred tax assets, management considers whether it is more likely than not that the deferred tax assets will be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income during the periods in which those temporary differences become deductible. Management considers the scheduled reversal of deferred tax liabilities, tax planning strategies and anticipated future taxable income in making this assessment and believes it is more likely than not the Company will realize the benefits of its deductible differences at December 31, 2002, net of any valuation allowance.

        Valuation allowances of $4,529,000 and $5,796,000 for the years ended December 31, 2002 and 2001, respectively, were established due to the uncertainty associated with the realization of the deferred tax asset for the carryforward of operating losses from the Company's foreign operations. Even though the Company's foreign operations were profitable in 2002, the valuation allowance was released only to the extent of the 2002 profits since future profitability remains uncertain. The Company's foreign gross loss carryforward of approximately $15.1 million at December 31, 2002 can be carried forward indefinitely against future foreign income.

F-18



        The Company also had net state and local operating loss carryforwards amounting to potential future tax benefits of $2,147,000 and $1,492,000 at December 31, 2002 and 2001, respectively. A valuation allowance was established for the amount of the tax benefit due to the uncertainty associated with the realization of the deferred tax asset. The Company's state and local gross carryforwards of approximately $11.9 million at December 31, 2002 expire from 2019 to 2021.

Note 6. Reserves for Losses and Loss Adjustment Expenses

        The following table summarizes the activity in the Company's reserve for losses and loss adjustment expenses ("LAE") during the three most recent years:

 
  Year Ended December 31,
 
 
  2002
  2001
  2000
 
 
  (In thousands)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
Net reserves for losses and LAE at beginning of year   $ 202,759   $ 174,883   $ 170,530  
   
 
 
 
Provision for losses and LAE for claims occurring in the current year     134,721     96,664     60,152  
Lloyd's portfolio transfer—reinsurance to close     1,641     4,196     7,854  
Increase (decrease) in estimated losses and LAE for claims occurring in prior years     7,038     5,385     (4,994 )
   
 
 
 
Incurred losses and LAE     143,400     106,245     63,012  
   
 
 
 
Losses and LAE payments for claims occurring during:                    
  Current year     (16,727 )   (24,723 )   (15,358 )
  Prior years     (64,785 )   (53,646 )   (43,301 )
   
 
 
 
Losses and LAE payments     (81,512 )   (78,369 )   (58,659 )
   
 
 
 
Net reserves for losses and LAE at end of year     264,647     202,759     174,883  
   
 
 
 
Reinsurance receivable on unpaid losses and LAE     224,995     198,418     182,791  
   
 
 
 
Gross reserves for losses and LAE at end of year   $ 489,642   $ 401,177   $ 357,674  
   
 
 
 

        The deficiency for the year end December 31, 2002 resulted from adverse development from our general liability line of business. The deficiency for the year ended December 31, 2001 resulted from the Company's Lloyd's Operations due to an increase in premium estimates and related reserves for prior years and strengthening the Lloyd's reserves related to the 1999 underwriting year.

        Lloyd's Syndicate 1221 had stamp capacity of £75.0 million ($112.7 million) in 2002, £66.3 million ($95.5 million) in 2001 and £66.3 million ($96.0 million) in 2000. Syndicate 1221's capacity is expressed net of commission (as is standard at Lloyd's) of approximately 21%. Syndicate 1221 entered into a qualifying quota share agreement with a major reinsurer which increased the gross premium that could be written by Syndicate 1221 for the 2002 underwriting year from its stamp capacity of £75.0 million to a total of £86.6 million ($130.2 million). A qualifying quota share is a reinsurance contract which provides additional capacity to Lloyd's syndicates in order that they may write premiums up to 30% in excess of their stamp capacity. Only high quality reinsurers approved by Lloyd's can enter into a

F-19



qualifying quota share transaction with a Lloyd's syndicate. The Syndicate 1221 premium recorded in the Company's financial statements is gross of commission. The Company participates for 68.1%, 67.4% and 64.5% of Syndicate 1221's capacity for the 2002, 2001 and 2000 underwriting years, respectively. The Lloyd's Operations included in the consolidated financial statements represent the Company's participation in Syndicate 1221.

        Lloyd's syndicates report the amounts of premiums, claims, and expenses recorded in an underwriting account for a particular year to companies or individuals that participate in the syndicates. The syndicates generally keep accounts open for three years. Traditionally, three years have been necessary to report substantially all premiums associated with an underwriting year and to report most related claims, although claims may remain unsettled after the account is closed. A Lloyd's syndicate typically closes an underwriting account with the participants for the next underwriting year. The ceding participants pay the assuming participants an amount based on the unearned premiums and outstanding claims in the underwriting account at the date of the assumption. Our participation in Lloyd's Syndicate 1221 is represented by and recorded as our proportionate share of the underlying assets and liabilities and results of operations of the syndicate since, (a) we hold an undivided interest in each asset, (b) we are proportionately liable for each liability and (c) Syndicate 1221 is not a separate legal entity. At Lloyd's, the amount to close an underwriting year into the next year is referred to as the "reinsurance to close." The reinsurance to close amounts represent the transfer of the assets and liabilities from the participants of a closing underwriting year to the participants of the next underwriting year. To the extent our participation in the syndicate changes as a result of this transfer, the reinsurance to close amounts vary accordingly. In our case, our participation increased from 52.5% in 1999 to 64.5% in 2000, to 67.4% in 2001, and to 68.1% in 2002. We therefore recorded our increasing proportionate share of the assets and liabilities of Syndicate 1221. At December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000, the Company closed its 2000, 1999 and 1998 underwriting years, respectively, the net effect of which resulted in such transfers to NCUL and Millennium of $1.6 million, $4.2 million and $7.9 million, respectively. These transactions accounted for part of the increases in the premium volume in the Lloyd's Operations. The reinsurance to close transactions were recorded as additional written and earned premium, losses incurred, loss reserves and receivables, all in the same amount. There were no gains or losses recorded on the transactions. The Company also purchased an additional £7,379,000 ($11,018,000) of capacity for 2001 through an annual auction process in 2000 at a total cost of £133,000 ($199,000).

        The Company provides letters of credit to Lloyd's to support its Syndicate 1221 capacity. If the Company increases its participation or if Lloyd's changes the capital requirements, the Company may be required to supply additional letters of credit or other collateral acceptable to Lloyd's, or reduce the capacity of Syndicate 1221. The letters of credit are provided through the credit facility which the Company maintains with a consortium of banks. The credit facility agreement requires that the banks vote whether or not to renew the letter of credit portion of the facility each year. If the banks decide not to renew the letter of credit facility, the Company will need to find other sources to provide the letters of credit or other collateral in order to continue to participate in Syndicate 1221.

        During 2002, 2001 and 2000, the Company recorded net paid losses and LAE of $262,000, $86,000 and $173,000, respectively, for environmental pollution and asbestos related claims. As of December 31, 2002 and 2001, the Insurance Companies carried net reserves of $1,513,000 and $1,185,000, respectively, for the potential exposure to such claims. At December 31, 2002, there were 477 open claims on 304 policies with environmental pollution or asbestos exposures. Management believes that its reserves for

F-20



such claims are adequate because the Insurance Companies' participation in such risks was generally in the higher excess layers and, based on a continuing review of such claims, management believes that a majority of these claims will be unlikely to penetrate such high excess layers of coverage; however, due to the significant assumptions inherent in estimating these exposures, actual liabilities could differ from current estimates.

Note 7. Reinsurance

        The following table summarizes earned premium:

 
  Year Ended December 31,
 
 
  2002
  2001
  2000
 
 
  (In thousands)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
Direct   $ 293,333   $ 193,687   $ 144,057  
Assumed     91,929     55,665     32,791  
Ceded     (158,968 )   (99,108 )   (79,608 )
   
 
 
 
Net   $ 226,294   $ 150,244   $ 97,240  
   
 
 
 

        The following table summarizes written premium:

 
  Year Ended December 31,
 
 
  2002
  2001
  2000
 
 
  (In thousands)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
Direct   $321,197   $ 214,067   $ 155,888  
Assumed   126,641     64,127     32,537  
Ceded   (177,059 )   (105,659 )   (80,332 )
   
 
 
 
Net   $270,779   $ 172,535   $ 108,093  
   
 
 
 

        The 2002, 2001 and 2000 assumed written and earned premium includes $1.6 million, $4.2 million, and $7.9 million, respectively, of reinsurance to close from the Lloyd's Operations.

        Ceded losses and loss adjustment expenses incurred were $71,793,000, $124,164,000, and $60,602,000 in 2002, 2001, and 2000, respectively.

        A contingent liability exists with respect to reinsurance ceded, since the Company would be required to pay losses in the event the assuming reinsurers are unable to meet their obligations under their reinsurance agreements.

        The Company's Reinsurance Security Committee monitors the financial strength of its reinsurers and the related reinsurance receivables. An allowance is established for amounts determined to be uncollectible. At December 31, 2002 and 2001, there was an allowance for uncollectible reinsurance of $8,534,000 and $6,905,000, respectively. The expense recorded for uncollectible reinsurance was $1,632,000, $320,000 and $1,250,000 for 2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively.

F-21


Note 8. Financial Instruments

        The following table presents the carrying amounts and estimated fair values of the Company's financial instruments:

 
  December 31, 2002
  December 31, 2001
 
  Carrying
Amount

  Fair
Value

  Carrying
Amount

  Fair
Value

 
  (In thousands)

Financial assets:                        
  Fixed maturities   $ 366,676   $ 366,676   $ 292,065   $ 292,065
  Equity securities     11,674     11,674     7,675     7,675
  Short-term investments     61,092     61,092     27,534     27,534
Financial liabilities:                        
  Notes payable to banks   $ 14,500   $ 14,500   $ 19,000   $ 19,000

        The carrying amounts shown in the table are included in the consolidated balance sheets under the indicated captions.

        The fair values of fixed maturity and equity securities are based on market prices at the reporting date for those or similar investments. Short-term investments are carried at cost, which approximates fair value. The carrying amounts of premium receivables approximate fair value because of the short maturity of those instruments.

        The fair value of the Company's notes payable to banks approximates carrying value since the interest rate charged is computed using current market rates.

Note 9. Stock Option Plans, Stock Grants and Stock Appreciation Rights

        The Company has an Incentive Stock Option Plan and a Non-Qualified Stock Option Plan which allow for the award to key employees of the Company, its subsidiaries and affiliates, options to purchase an aggregate of 900,000 shares of its common stock. At the 2002 Annual Meeting, the stockholders approved the 2002 Stock Incentive Plan which allows for the award of incentive stock options, non-incentive stock options and stock grants to employees, directors and consultants. The 2002 Stock Incentive Plan allows, in the aggregate, awards for 1,000,000 shares of the Company's common stock, of which 100,000 of the shares can be in the form of stock grants. Upon the approval of the 2002 Stock Incentive Plan, no further awards are to be issued from the Incentive Stock Option Plan or the Non-Qualified Stock Option Plan.

        All options are exercisable upon vesting for one share of the Company's common stock and are granted at exercise prices no less than 90% of the fair market value of the common stock on the date of the grant. The difference between the fair market value of the common stock on the grant date and the exercise price of the options is expensed as the options vest. The amount of the expense was $59,000 in 2002. Although no amounts were expensed in 2001 or 2000, had expense been recorded as described above, the amounts would have been approximately $10,000 for each year.

F-22


        Stock grants are expensed as they vest. The amount charged to expense was $761,000 and $382,000 in 2002 and 2001, respectively. No stock grants were issued prior to 2001. The above does not include $12,000 of the Company's common stock issued each year to each non-employee director as 50% of the director's compensation for serving on the Company's Board of Directors. The stock is issued in the first quarter of the year following the year of service and is fully vested when issued. The expense for 2002, 2001 and 2000 for the stock issued to directors was $60,000, $72,000 and $72,000, respectively.

        Options and grants generally vest equally over a four year period and the options have a maximum term of ten years.

        Stock options outstanding at December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000 were as follows:

 
  2002
  2001
  2000
 
  No. of
Shares

  Average
Exercise
Prices

  No. of
Shares

  Average
Exercise
Prices

  No. of
Shares

  Average
Exercise
Prices

Options outstanding at beginning of year   520,712   $ 14.44   510,900   $ 14.59   243,650   $ 19.01
  Granted   97,438   $ 17.65   46,562   $ 17.26   277,500   $ 10.65
  Exercised   (39,525 ) $ 11.92   (7,500 ) $ 14.00      
  Expired or forfeited   (59,125 ) $ 18.56   (29,250 ) $ 21.78   (10,250 ) $ 12.82
   
       
       
     
Options outstanding at end of year   519,500   $ 14.76   520,712   $ 14.44   510,900   $ 14.59
   
       
       
     
Number of options exercisable   332,660   $ 14.77   295,588   $ 16.21   241,025   $ 18.56

        The Company has a Stock Appreciation Rights Plan which allows for the grant of up to 300,000 stock appreciation rights at prices of no less than 90% of the fair market value of the common stock. The Company granted 17,500, 56,000 and 116,000 stock appreciation rights in 2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively. The amounts charged to expense in 2002, 2001 and 2000 were $869,000, $733,000 and $32,000, respectively.

        The Company accounts for stock options in accordance with the provisions of Accounting Principles Board (APB) Opinion No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees, which requires compensation expense to be recognized only if the fair value of the underlying stock at the grant date exceeds the exercise price of the option. Accordingly, compensation expense of $59,000 has been recognized for stock options in 2002. Had compensation cost for the Company's stock options been determined consistent with SFAS 123, Accounting for Stock Based Compensation, the Company's net

F-23



income and income per share would have been reduced to the pro forma amounts indicated in the following table:

 
   
  Year Ended December 31,
 
   
  2002
  2001
  2000
Net income (in thousands):   As reported   $ 16,397   $ 3,668   $ 7,032
    Pro forma   $ 16,076   $ 3,415   $ 6,855
Basic income per share:   As reported   $ 1.94   $ 0.44   $ 0.84
    Pro forma   $ 1.90   $ 0.41   $ 0.81
Diluted income per share:   As reported   $ 1.89   $ 0.43   $ 0.84
    Pro forma   $ 1.85   $ 0.40   $ 0.81

        The fair value of each option grant is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following assumptions used for the options granted: no dividend yield; expected volatility of 34.6%, 33.4% and 33.9% in 2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively; risk free interest rate of 3.5%, 4.6%, and 6.0% for 2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively; and expected life of 6 years for 2002, 2001 and 2000. The weighted average fair value of options granted was $7.00, $7.13 and $4.75 in 2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively.

        The following table summarizes information about options outstanding at December 31, 2002:

Price Range

  Outstanding
Options

  Average Remaining
Contract Life

  Average
Exercise Price

  Exercisable
Options

  Average
Exercise Price

$10 to $15   317,000   6.6   $ 11.94   243,641   $ 12.34
$16 to $20   168,000   7.6   $ 16.96   64,769   $ 17.03
$21 to $34   34,500   3.9   $ 30.00   24,250   $ 33.17

Note 10. Employee Benefits

        The Company sponsors a defined contribution plan covering substantially all its U.S. employees. Contributions are equal to 15% of each eligible employee's gross pay (plus bonus of up to $2,500) up to the amount permitted by certain Federal regulations. Employees vest at 20% per year beginning at the end of the second year and are therefore fully vested after six years of service. Plan expense, included within operating expenses, amounted to $1,052,000, $890,000 and $708,000 in 2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively. The Company sponsors a similar plan under UK regulations for its UK employees for which the Company had expenses of $533,000, $446,000 and $420,000 for 2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively.

        The Company has a 401(k) Plan for all eligible employees. Each eligible employee can contribute up to 8% of their salary limited by certain Federal regulations. The Company does not match any of the employee contributions.

F-24


Note 11. Dividends from Subsidiaries and Statutory Financial Information

        Navigators Insurance may pay dividends to the Company out of its statutory earned surplus pursuant to statutory restrictions imposed under the New York insurance law. At December 31, 2002, the maximum amount available for the payment of dividends by Navigators Insurance during 2003 without prior regulatory approval was $12,854,000. Navigators Insurance paid $6,500,000 and $11,000,000 in dividends to the Company in 2002 and 2001, respectively. The UK Branch is required to maintain certain capital requirements under UK regulations.

        The Insurance Companies' statutory net income as filed with the regulatory authorities for 2002, 2001 and 2000 was $9,499,000, $11,219,000 and $13,834,000, respectively. The statutory surplus as filed with the regulatory authorities was $128,543,000 and $115,126,000 at December 31, 2002 and 2001, respectively.

        The Insurance Companies, domiciled in New York State, prepare and file their statutory financial statements in accordance with accounting practices prescribed or permitted by the State of New York Insurance Department (the "Department"). The National Association of Insurance Commissioners ("NAIC") completed a project which codifies statutory accounting practices for insurance enterprises. As a result of this process, the NAIC issued a revised statutory Accounting Practices and Procedures Manual that was effective January 1, 2001. The Company prepared its statutory basis financial statements in accordance with the revised statutory manual subject to the deviations that were prescribed or permitted by the Department. Beginning in 2002, the Department permitted certain deferred income taxes to be included in surplus of the statutory basis financial statements. This resulted in increasing the surplus of Navigators Insurance by $7.8 million.

        The significant differences between SAP and GAAP are that under SAP: (1) acquisition and commission costs are expensed when incurred while under GAAP these costs are deferred and amortized as the related premium is earned; (2) bonds are stated at amortized cost, while under GAAP bonds are held in an available-for-sale account and reported at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses recognized in other comprehensive income as a separate component of stockholders' equity; (3) federal income taxes are recorded when payable except that certain deferred tax assets are permitted to be included in surplus while under GAAP deferred taxes are provided to reflect temporary differences between the carrying values and tax basis of assets and liabilities; (4)  unearned premiums and loss reserves are reflected net of ceded amounts while under GAAP the unearned premiums and loss reserves are reflected gross of ceded amounts; (5) agents' balances over ninety days due are excluded from the balance sheet, and uncollateralized amounts due from unauthorized reinsurers are deducted from surplus, while under GAAP they are restored to the balance sheet, subject to the usual tests regarding recoverability.

        As part of its general regulatory oversight process, the Department conducts detailed examinations of the books, records and accounts of New York insurance companies every three to five years. The Insurance Companies have been examined by the Department for the years 1996 through 2000. The audit work has been completed but a report has not yet been issued. No adjustments are expected to the previously filed statutory financial statements.

F-25



Note 12. Commitments and Contingencies

a.
Future minimum annual rental commitments at December 31, 2002 under various noncancellable operating leases for the Company's office facilities, which expire at various dates through 2013, are as follows:

Year Ended December 31,

  (In thousands)

  2003   $ 2,146
  2004     2,156
  2005     2,099
  2006     1,968
  2007 and subsequent     5,659
   
  Total   $ 14,028
   
b.
The Company is not a party to or the subject of, any material pending legal proceedings which depart from the ordinary routine litigation incident to the kinds of business conducted by the Company, except for a suit concerning the draw down of letters of credit. In 1997 and 1998, Navigators Insurance entered into certain reinsurance contracts with a reinsurer. In accordance with normal business practice, Navigators Insurance had secured this exposure with letters of credit. In April 1999, in good faith and consistent with the terms of the letters of credit, Navigators Insurance drew down $3.2 million of the letters of credit. The liquidator of the reinsurer has commenced suit in Australia, seeking to void the draw downs. Although the Company believes it has strong defenses against these claims and that the liquidators' assertions run counter to prevailing Australian and U.S. law, there can be no assurance as to the outcome of this litigation. The Company intends to vigorously defend its position and is currently in the process of filing affidavits and motions seeking a prompt dismissal of the liquidators' claims in Australian court.

Note 13. Segment Information

        The Company's subsidiaries are primarily engaged in the writing and management of property and casualty insurance. The Company's segments include the Insurance Companies, the Navigators Agencies and the Lloyd's Operations, each of which is managed separately. The Insurance Companies consist of Navigators Insurance and NIC and currently are primarily engaged in underwriting marine insurance and related lines of business, contractors' general liability insurance, and professional liability insurance. The Navigators Agencies are underwriting management companies which produce, manage and underwrite insurance and reinsurance for both affiliated and unaffiliated companies. The Lloyd's Operations underwrite marine and related lines of business at Lloyd's of London. All segments are evaluated based on their GAAP underwriting or operating results which are prepared using the accounting policies described in the summary of significant accounting policies in Note 1.

        The Insurance Companies and the Lloyd's Operations are measured taking into account net premiums earned, incurred losses and loss expenses, commission expense and other underwriting expenses. The Navigators Agencies' results include commission income less other operating expenses.

F-26



Each segment also maintains their own investments, on which they earn income and realize capital gains or losses. Other operations include intersegment income and expense in the form of affiliated commissions, income and expense from corporate operations and consolidating adjustments.

        Financial data by segment for 2002, 2001 and 2000 was as follows:

 
  Year Ended December 31,
 
 
  2002
  2001
  2000
 
 
  (In thousands)

 
Revenue, excluding net investment income and net realized capital gains:                    
  Insurance Companies:                    
    Marine   $ 76,670   $ 40,506   $ 28,309  
    General Liability     69,056     34,043     18,320  
    Professional Liability     1,780     4      
    Surety     18          
    Onshore Energy     511     (530 )   (372 )
    Other     837     (186 )   (1,868 )
   
 
 
 
    Insurance Companies Total     148,872     73,837     44,389  
   
 
 
 
  Lloyd's Operations:                    
    Marine     75,629     75,335     52,690  
    Engineering and Construction     1,295     503     7  
    Onshore Energy     959     315     4  
    Other     883     219     413  
   
 
 
 
    Lloyd's Operations Total     78,766     76,372     53,114  
   
 
 
 
  Navigators Agencies     28,441     16,856     13,120  
  Other operations     (23,137 )   (16,035 )   (9,251 )
   
 
 
 
    Total   $ 232,942   $ 151,030   $ 101,372  
   
 
 
 
Net investment income:                    
  Insurance Companies   $ 15,489   $ 16,144   $ 15,536  
  Lloyd's Operations     2,507     3,154     2,796  
  Navigators Agencies     42     19     98  
  Other operations     20     37     17  
   
 
 
 
    Total   $ 18,058   $ 19,354   $ 18,447  
   
 
 
 
                     

F-27


Net realized capital gains:                    
  Insurance Companies   $ 1,207   $ 146   $ 177  
  Lloyd's Operations     461     644     88  
  Navigators Agencies              
  Other operations              
   
 
 
 
    Total   $ 1,668   $ 790   $ 265  
   
 
 
 
Income (loss) before tax expense (benefit):                    
  Insurance Companies   $ 21,644   $ 20,069   $ 18,890  
  Lloyd's Operations     2,671     (6,134 )   (2,296 )
  Navigators Agencies     2,381     (451 )   (1,947 )
  Other operations     (4,480 )   (8,124 )   (4,309 )
   
 
 
 
    Total   $ 22,216   $ 5,360   $ 10,338  
   
 
 
 
Income tax expense (benefit):                    
  Insurance Companies   $ 6,780   $ 6,181   $ 5,241  
  Lloyd's Operations              
  Navigators Agencies     780     (1,373 )   (484 )
  Other operations     (1,741 )   (3,116 )   (1,451 )
   
 
 
 
    Total   $ 5,819   $ 1,692   $ 3,306  
   
 
 
 
Net income (loss):                    
  Insurance Companies   $ 14,864   $ 13,888   $ 13,649  
  Lloyd's Operations     2,671     (6,134 )   (2,296 )
  Navigators Agencies     1,601     922     (1,463 )
  Other operations     (2,739 )   (5,008 )   (2,858 )
   
 
 
 
    Total   $ 16,397   $ 3,668   $ 7,032  
   
 
 
 
Identifiable assets:                    
  Insurance Companies   $ 686,502   $ 544,661   $ 506,863  
  Lloyd's Operations     219,341     149,841     96,668  
  Navigators Agencies     17,817     12,497     11,343  
  Other operations     (5,741 )   5,758     1,142  
   
 
 
 
    Total   $ 917,919   $ 712,757   $ 616,016  
   
 
 
 

F-28


Note 14. Earnings Per Common Share

        Following is a reconciliation of the numerators and denominators of the basic and diluted earnings per share ("EPS") computations for the periods indicated:

 
  Year Ended December 31, 2002
 
  Net
Income

  Average
Shares
Outstanding

  Net
Income
Per Share

Basic EPS:                
  Income available to common stockholders   $ 16,397,000   8,462,784   $ 1.94
Effect of Dilutive Securities:                
  Stock options and grants         213,386      
Diluted EPS:                
  Income available to common stockholders   $ 16,397,000   8,676,170   $ 1.89
 
  Year Ended December 31, 2001
 
  Net
Income

  Average
Shares
Outstanding

  Net
Income
Per Share

Basic EPS:                
  Income available to common stockholders   $ 3,668,000   8,419,227   $ 0.44
Effect of Dilutive Securities:                
  Stock options and grants         128,262      
Diluted EPS:                
  Income available to common stockholders   $ 3,668,000   8,547,489   $ 0.43
 
  Year Ended December 31, 2000
 
  Net
Income

  Average
Shares
Outstanding

  Net
Income
Per Share

Basic EPS:                
  Income available to common stockholders   $ 7,032,000   8,413,851   $ 0.84
Effect of Dilutive Securities:                
  Stock options              
Diluted EPS:                
  Income available to common stockholders   $ 7,032,000   8,413,851   $ 0.84

        Certain outstanding options to purchase common shares were not included in the respective computations of diluted earnings per common share because the options' exercise prices were greater than the average market price of the common shares. For each of the years presented, these outstanding options consisted of the following: for 2002, 22,500 shares at an average price of $34.00 expiring in 2004; for 2001, 105,500 shares at an average price of $23.25 expiring in years 2002 to 2011; for 2000, 510,900 shares at an average price of $14.59 expiring in years 2001 to 2010.

F-29


Note 15. Quarterly Financial Data (Unaudited)

        The results of operations for the quarterly periods during 2002 and 2001 were as follows:

 
  Three Month Period Ended
 
  March 31,
2002

  June 30,
2002

  Sept. 30,
2002

  Dec. 31,
2002

 
  (In thousands, except net income per share)


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
Total revenues   $ 46,117   $ 57,965   $ 73,044   $ 75,542
Income before income tax     4,321     5,058     7,492     5,344
Net income     3,450     3,774     5,271     3,901
Comprehensive income     548     7,528     10,933     4,146
Per share data:                        
  Net income per share—Basic   $ 0.41   $ 0.45   $ 0.62   $ 0.46
  Net income per share—Diluted   $ 0.40   $ 0.43   $ 0.61   $ 0.45
 
  Three Month Period Ended
 
 
  March 31,
2001

  June 30,
2001

  Sept. 30,
2001

  Dec. 31,
2001

 
 
  (In thousands, except net income per share)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
Total revenues   $ 35,747   $ 40,019   $ 39,270   $ 56,138  
Income (loss) before income tax     3,300     3,167     (3,360 )   2,253  
Net income (loss)     2,051     2,314     (2,921 )   2,224  
Comprehensive income (loss)     2,200     1,006     738     (395 )
Per share data:                          
  Net income (loss) per share—Basic   $ 0.24   $ 0.27   $ (0.35 ) $ 0.26  
  Net income (loss) per share—Diluted   $ 0.24   $ 0.27   $ (0.35 ) $ 0.26  

        The increase in 2002 revenues as compared to 2001 was primarily due to increased rates and new business in 2002. The 2002 quarterly net income was adversely impacted by the impairment losses of $1.4 million and $0.5 million in the second and third quarters on one asset backed security, respectively, and approximately $0.4 million resulting from the oil tanker Prestige sinking in the fourth quarter, and approximately $1.1 million from the Tricolor automobile carrier ship also sinking in the fourth quarter. The 2001 quarterly net income was adversely affected by the $4.5 million of losses related to the attacks on the World Trade Center in the third quarter; the $0.8 million second quarter and $1.7 million third quarter Riverside losses; the impairment losses on two asset backed securities of $0.3 million in the second quarter, $0.2 million in the third quarter and $0.6 million in the fourth quarter; and the Petrobras offshore energy platform loss of $1.8 million in the first quarter.

F-30



THE NAVIGATORS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In thousands, except share data)

 
  June 30,
2003

  December 31,
2002

 
 
  (Unaudited)

   
 
ASSETS              
Investments and cash:              
  Fixed maturities, available-for-sale, at fair value (amortized cost: 2003, $419,489; 2002, $351,821)   $ 438,913   $ 366,676  
  Equity securities, available-for-sale, at fair value (cost: 2003, $11,969; 2002, $12,286)     12,550     11,674  
  Short-term investments, at cost which approximates fair value     62,957     61,092  
  Cash     4,950     13,443  
   
 
 
    Total investments and cash     519,370     452,885  
   
 
 

Premiums in course of collection

 

 

146,709

 

 

108,672

 
Commissions Receivable     2,946     3,112  
Prepaid reinsurance premiums     102,048     58,902  
Reinsurance receivable on paid and unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses     254,850     243,153  
Federal income tax recoverable         826  
Net deferred income tax benefit     5,768     6,470  
Deferred policy acquisition costs     26,052     23,632  
Accrued investment income     4,610     3,309  
Goodwill     5,238     5,167  
Other assets     13,586     11,791  
   
 
 
    Total assets   $ 1,081,177   $ 917,919  
   
 
 

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
Liabilities:              
  Reserves for losses and loss adjustment expenses   $ 543,390   $ 489,642  
  Unearned premium     230,862     167,372  
  Reinsurance balances payable     91,423     55,574  
  Notes payable to banks     11,000     14,500  
  Payable for securities     4,619     5,327  
  Federal income tax payable     89      
  Accounts payable and other liabilities     12,663     14,229  
   
 
 
    Total liabilities     894,046     746,644  
   
 
 

Stockholders' equity:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
  Preferred stock, $.10 par value; 1,000,000 shares authorized; none issued          
  Common stock, $.10 par value; 20,000,000 shares authorized for 2003 and 2002; issued and outstanding 8,515,535 for 2003 and 8,486,272 (net of treasury stock) for 2002     852     851  
  Additional paid-in capital     40,617     40,141  
  Treasury stock held at cost (shares: 16,423 for 2002)         (236 )
  Accumulated other comprehensive income     13,767     9,732  
  Retained earnings     131,895     120,787  
   
 
 
    Total stockholders' equity     187,131     171,275  
   
 
 
    Total liabilities and stockholders' equity   $ 1,081,177   $ 917,919  
   
 
 

See accompanying notes to interim consolidated financial statements.

F-31



THE NAVIGATORS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(In thousands, except net income per share)

 
  Six Months Ended
June 30,

 
 
  2003
  2002
 
 
  (Unaudited)

 
Revenues:              
  Net earned premium   $ 131,578   $ 90,772  
  Commission income     2,725     2,094  
  Net investment income     9,213     9,104  
  Net realized capital gains (losses)     887     (92 )
  Other income     588     851  
   
 
 
    Total revenues     144,991     102,729  
   
 
 

Operating expenses:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
  Net losses and loss adjustment expenses incurred     87,331     56,189  
  Commission expense     19,503     17,986  
  Other operating expenses     23,824     18,870  
  Interest expense     184     305  
   
 
 
    Total operating expenses     130,842     93,350  
   
 
 

Income before income tax expense

 

 

14,149

 

 

9,379

 
   
 
 

Income tax expense (benefit):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
  Current     4,571     2,662  
  Deferred     (1,530 )   (507 )
   
 
 
    Total income tax expense     3,041     2,155  
   
 
 

Net income

 

$

11,108

 

$

7,224

 
   
 
 

Net income per common share:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
  Basic   $ 1.31   $ 0.86  
  Diluted   $ 1.27   $ 0.84  

Average common shares outstanding:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
  Basic     8,505     8,446  
  Diluted     8,741     8,617  

See accompanying notes to interim consolidated financial statements.

F-32



THE NAVIGATORS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(In thousands)

 
  Six Months Ended June 30,
 
 
  2003
  2002
 
 
  (Unaudited)

 
Operating activities:              
  Net income   $ 11,108   $ 7,224  
  Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:              
    Depreciation & amortization     656     427  
    Net deferred income tax     (1,530 )   (507 )
    Net realized capital (gains) losses     (887 )   92  
  Changes in assets and liabilities:              
    Reinsurance receivable on paid and unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses     (11,697 )   17,240  
    Reserve for losses and loss adjustment expenses     53,748     13,905  
    Prepaid reinsurance premiums     (43,146 )   (19,781 )
    Unearned premium     63,490     57,393  
    Premiums in course of collection     (38,037 )   (19,904 )
    Commissions receivable     166     (1,003 )
    Deferred policy acquisition costs     (2,420 )   (9,434 )
    Accrued investment income     (1,301 )   (179 )
    Reinsurance balances payable     35,849     2,652  
    Federal income tax     915     478  
    Other     (1,364 )   (815 )
   
 
 
      Net cash provided by operating activities     65,550     47,788  
   
 
 

Investing activities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
  Fixed maturities, available-for-sale              
    Redemptions and maturities     2,316     1,522  
    Sales     116,323     97,446  
    Purchases     (185,809 )   (94,470 )
  Equity securities, available-for-sale              
    Sales     476     3,703  
    Purchases     (423 )   (2,400 )
  Change in receivable/payable for securities     (709 )   4,135  
  Net change in short-term investments     (1,865 )   (52,813 )
  Purchase of property and equipment     (872 )   (272 )
   
 
 
     
Net cash (used in) investing activities

 

 

(70,563

)

 

(43,149

)
   
 
 

Financing activities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
  Repayment of bank loan     (3,500 )   (3,000 )
  Proceeds from exercise of stock options     20     321  
   
 
 
      Net cash (used in) financing activities     (3,480 )   (2,679 )
   
 
 
Increase (Decrease) in cash     (8,493 )   1,960  
Cash at beginning of year     13,443     5,816  
   
 
 
Cash at end of period   $ 4,950   $ 7,776  
   
 
 

Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
  Federal, state and local income tax paid   $ 3,709   $ 2,311  
  Interest paid     184     303  
  Issuance of stock to directors     72     60  

See accompanying notes to interim consolidated financial statements.

F-33



THE NAVIGATORS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

(1)    Accounting Policies

        The interim consolidated financial statements are unaudited but reflect all adjustments which, in the opinion of management, are necessary to provide a fair statement of the results of The Navigators Group, Inc. and its subsidiaries (the "Company") for the interim periods presented on the basis of accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP"). All such adjustments are of a normal recurring nature. All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated. The preparation of these financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. The results of operations for any interim period are not necessarily indicative of results for the full year. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes contained in the Company's 2002 Annual Report on Form 10-K. Certain amounts for prior periods have been reclassified to conform to the current period's presentation. As a result, the amounts previously classified as Funds due from Lloyd's syndicate have been reclassified to their separate components in the financial statements.

(2)    Reinsurance Ceded

        The Company's ceded earned premiums were $109,115,000 and $66,244,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2003 and 2002, respectively. The Company's ceded incurred losses were $63,505,000 and $40,450,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2003 and 2002, respectively.

(3)    Segments of an Enterprise

        The Company's subsidiaries are primarily engaged in the underwriting and management of property and casualty insurance. The Company's segments include the Insurance Companies, the Navigators Agencies and the Lloyd's Operations, each of which is managed separately. The Insurance Companies consist of Navigators Insurance Company ("Navigators Insurance") and NIC Insurance Company which are primarily engaged in underwriting marine insurance and related lines of business, general liability insurance and professional liability insurance. The Navigators Agencies are underwriting management companies which produce, manage and underwrite insurance and reinsurance for the Insurance Companies and non-affiliated companies. The Lloyd's Operations consist primarily of a Lloyd's managing agency and two Lloyd's corporate members which underwrite marine and related lines of business at Lloyd's of London.

        The results of the Insurance Companies and the Lloyd's Operations are measured taking into account net earned premiums, incurred losses and loss expenses, commission expense and other underwriting expenses. The Navigators Agencies' results include commission income less other operating expenses. Each segment maintains its own investments on which it earns income and realizes capital gains or losses. Other operations include intersegment income and expense in the form of affiliated commissions, income and expense from corporate operations, and consolidating adjustments.

F-34



        The following tables present financial data by segment for the periods indicated:

 
  Six Months Ended June 30,
 
 
  2003
  2002
 
 
  (In thousands)

 
Revenue, excluding net investment income and net realized capital gains (losses):              
  Insurance Companies:              
    Marine   $ 44,153   $ 30,162  
    General Liability     42,291     27,949  
    Professional Liability     3,505     379  
    Surety     120      
    Other     121     (219 )
   
 
 
      Insurance Companies Total     90,190     58,271  
   
 
 
  Lloyd's Operations:              
    Marine     38,890     32,035  
    Engineering and Construction     776     196  
    Onshore Energy     1,808     284  
    Other     516     574  
   
 
 
      Lloyd's Operations Total     41,990     33,089  
  Navigators Agencies     16,302     12,332  
  Other operations     (13,591 )   (9,975 )
   
 
 
      Total   $ 134,891   $ 93,717  
   
 
 
  Income (loss) before tax expense (benefit):              
    Insurance Companies   $ 10,893   $ 9,503  
    Lloyd's Operations     4,841     1,607  
    Navigators Agencies     1,121     1,132  
    Other operations     (2,706 )   (2,863 )
   
 
 
      Total   $ 14,149   $ 9,379  
   
 
 
  Income tax expense (benefit):              
    Insurance Companies   $ 3,386   $ 2,945  
    Lloyd's Operations          
    Navigators Agencies     353     312  
    Other operations     (698 )   (1,102 )
   
 
 
      Total   $ 3,041   $ 2,155  
   
 
 
  Net income (loss):              
    Insurance Companies   $ 7,507   $ 6,558  
    Lloyd's Operations     4,841     1,607  
    Navigators Agencies     768     820  
    Other operations     (2,008 )   (1,761 )
   
 
 
      Total   $ 11,108   $ 7,224  
   
 
 

F-35


(4)    Comprehensive Income

        Comprehensive income encompasses all changes in stockholders' equity including net income, net unrealized capital gains and losses on available for sale securities, and foreign currency translation adjustments.

        The following table summarizes comprehensive income for the six months ended June 30, 2003 and 2002:

 
  Six Months Ended June 30,
 
 
  2003
  2002
 
 
  (In thousands)

 
Net income   $ 11,108   $ 7,224  
   
 
 
Other comprehensive income, net of tax:              
  Net unrealized gains on securities available for sale:              
    Unrealized holding gains arising during period (net of tax expense of $2,222 for 2003 and $630 for 2002)     4,479     1,077  
    Less: reclassification adjustment for gains included in net income (net of tax expense (benefit) of $149 for 2003 and $(21) for 2002)     738     (71 )
   
 
 
      Net unrealized gains on securities     3,741     1,148  
  Foreign currency translation gain adjustment (net of tax expense (benefit) of $158 for 2003 and $(159) for 2002)     294     (296 )
   
 
 
      Other comprehensive income     4,035     852  
   
 
 
        Comprehensive income   $ 15,143   $ 8,076  
   
 
 

        The following table summarizes the components of accumulated other comprehensive income:

 
  June 30,
2003

  December 31,
2002

 
  (In thousands)

Net unrealized gains on securities available-for-sale (net of tax expense of $6,767 in 2003 and $4,693 in 2002)   $ 13,240   $ 9,499
Foreign currency translation adjustment (net of tax expense of $284 in 2003 and $125 in 2002)     527     233
   
 
Accumulated other comprehensive income   $ 13,767   $ 9,732
   
 

(5)    Stock-based Compensation

        At June 30, 2003, the Company's stock option plans are accounted for under the recognition and measurement principles of the Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees, which requires compensation expense to be recognized only if the fair value of the underlying stock at the grant date exceeds the exercise price of the option. Accordingly, compensation expense of $31,000 has been recognized for stock options in the six months ended June 30, 2003. Although no amounts were expensed in the six months ended June 30, 2002, had expense been recorded as described above, the amount would have been approximately $15,000. The following table illustrates the effect on net income and earnings per share if the Company had applied the fair value recognition provisions of the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") in the Statement of

F-36



Financial Accounting Standards ("SFAS") No. 123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation to stock-based employee compensation:

 
  Six Months Ended June 30,
 
  2003
  2002
 
  (In thousands, except per share data)

Net income:            
  As reported   $ 11,108   $ 7,224
  Add:            
    Total stock-based compensation expense included in net income, net of related tax effects     20    
  Deduct:            
    Total stock-based compensation expense determined under fair value based method for all awards, net of related tax effects     245     141
   
 
  Pro-forma   $ 10,883   $ 7,083
   
 
Basic income per share:            
  As reported   $ 1.31   $ 0.86
  Pro-forma   $ 1.28   $ 0.84
Diluted income per share:            
  As reported   $ 1.27   $ 0.84
  Pro-forma   $ 1.24   $ 0.82

        Stock grants are expensed as they vest. The expense for the six months ended June 30, 2003 and 2002 was $486,000 and $413,000, respectively. In addition, $36,000 was expensed for each of the six month periods ended June 30, 2003 and 2002, respectively, for stock issued annually to non-employee directors as part of the directors' compensation for serving on the Company's Board of Directors.

(6)    Application of New Accounting Standards

        The FASB issued SFAS 141, Business Combinations, and SFAS 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets. The Company adopted both SFAS 141 and SFAS 142 effective January 1, 2002. SFAS 141 requires that the purchase method of accounting be used for all business combinations initiated after September 30, 2001. It also specifies that intangible assets acquired in a purchase method business combination be recognized and reported apart from goodwill. SFAS 142 changes the accounting for goodwill and intangible assets that have indefinite useful lives from an amortization approach to an impairment-only approach that requires that those assets be tested at least annually for impairment. The Company completed its annual impairment review of goodwill resulting in no impairment as of January 1, 2003. No other intangible assets were required to be reclassified and accounted for as an asset apart from goodwill upon adoption of SFAS 142. No expense for amortization of goodwill has been recorded in the first six months of 2003 or 2002. Goodwill of $2,534,000 was carried for the Navigators Agencies' segment at both June 30, 2003 and December 31, 2002, and $2,703,000 and $2,633,000 for the Lloyd's Operations' segment at June 30, 2003 and December 31, 2002, respectively. Goodwill on the Company's consolidated balance sheets may fluctuate due to changes in the foreign currency rates between the U.S. dollar and the British pound. The adoption of SFAS 141 did not have any effect on the Company's results of operations or financial condition.

F-37



        In November 2002, the FASB issued Interpretation No. 45, Guarantor's Accounting and Disclosure Requirements for Guarantees, Including Indirect Guarantees of Indebtedness of Others. This Interpretation clarifies the requirements for a guarantor's accounting for the disclosures of certain guarantees issued and outstanding. The disclosure requirements in Interpretation No. 45 are effective for financial statements of interim or annual periods ending after December 15, 2002. The adoption of this interpretation did not have any effect on the Company's results of operations or financial condition.

        In December 2002, the FASB issued SFAS 148, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation, Amendment of FASB Statement No. 123. The provisions of this statement provide alternative methods of transition for a voluntary change to the fair value based method of accounting for stock-based employee compensation. The provisions are effective for financial statements for fiscal years ending after December 15, 2002. We follow the disclosure provisions of SFAS 123, Accounting for Stock Based Compensation, as amended by SFAS 148. These require pro forma net income and earnings per share information, which is calculated assuming we had accounted for our stock option plans under the "fair value method" described in those statements.

        In January 2003, the FASB issued Interpretation No. 46, Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities. Interpretation No. 46 requires variable interest entities to be consolidated by their primary beneficiaries. The adoption of this interpretation did not have any effect on the Company's financial condition or results of operations.

        In January 2003, the FASB's Derivative Implementation Group adopted Issue No. B36, Embedded Derivatives: Bifurcation of a Debt Instrument That Incorporates Both Interest Rate Risk and Credit Risk Exposures That Are Unrelated or Only Partially Related to the Creditworthiness of the Issuer of That Instrument ("B36"). B36 addresses the recognition of embedded derivatives present in certain reinsurance agreements with funds held provisions and is applicable for quarters beginning after September 15, 2003. The Company has not yet determined the estimated impact on its financial condition or results of operations, if any, of adopting B36.

(7)    Lloyd's Participation

        The Company records in its consolidated financial statements, its proportionate share of Lloyd's Syndicate 1221's assets, liabilities and results of operations. Such participation was 97.4% of the portion of Syndicate 1221's £125.0 million ($199.7 million) of capacity utilized for the 2003 underwriting year and 68.1% of the portion of Syndicate 1221's £75.0 million ($112.7 million) of capacity utilized for the 2002 underwriting year. Syndicate 1221's capacity is expressed net of commission (as is standard at Lloyd's) of approximately 21%. In 2003, the Company participates in a larger percentage of the gross capacity and is reinsuring 15.4% of its capacity under quota share reinsurance agreements to third parties which provide letters of credit used as collateral at Lloyd's.

        The Company provides letters of credit to Lloyd's to support its Syndicate 1221 capacity. If the Company increases its participation or if Lloyd's changes the capital requirements, the Company may be required to supply additional letters of credit or other collateral acceptable to Lloyd's, or reduce the capacity of Syndicate 1221. The letters of credit are provided through the credit facility which the Company maintains with a consortium of banks. The credit facility agreement requires that the banks vote by November 19th of each year whether or not to renew the letter of credit portion of the facility. If the banks decide not to renew the letter of credit facility, the Company will need to find other sources to provide the letters of credit or other collateral in order to continue to participate in

F-38



Syndicate 1221 for underwriting year 2004 and subsequent years. At June 30, 2003, letters of credit with an aggregate face amount of $54,783,000 were issued under the letter of credit facility.

(8)    Income Tax—Valuation Allowance

        The Company's valuation allowance relating to its foreign operations decreased by $1,484,000 in the six months ended June 30, 2003 relating to the reduction in the loss carryforward at the Company's foreign operations resulting from income generated by these operations in 2003. At June 30, 2003 and 2002, the Company had loss carryforwards remaining at its foreign operations amounting to potential future tax benefits of $3,046,000 and $5,113,000, respectively, along with a valuation allowance equal to these benefits. Although the foreign operations were profitable in 2003, the valuation allowance was released only to the extent of the 2003 profits since future profitability remains uncertain. The Company needs to generate $10,152,000 of future foreign pretax income in order to fully utilize the foreign loss carryforward which can be carried forward indefinitely.

        The Company also had net state and local loss carryforwards amounting to potential future tax benefits of $2,220,000 and $1,899,000 at June 30, 2003 and 2002, respectively, along with a valuation allowance equal to these benefits. The Company needs to generate $12,368,000 of future state and local pretax income in order to fully utilize the loss carryforwards which expire from 2019 to 2023.

        The Company had alternative minimum tax carryforwards of $0 and $2,304,000 at June 30, 2003 and June 30, 2002, respectively.

(9)    Treasury Stock

        During the first six months of 2003, the Company issued the remaining 16,423 shares of Treasury stock representing the vested portion of stock grants to the Company's President and a senior officer of a subsidiary. The effect of the issuance reduced Treasury stock by $236,000 in the six months ended June 30, 2003. During the first six months of 2002, the Company issued 2,985 shares of Treasury stock to the non-employee directors as part of the directors' annual compensation for the prior year. The effect of the issuance reduced Treasury stock by $43,000 in the first six months of 2002.

(10)    Legal Proceedings

        The Company is not a party to or the subject of, any material pending legal proceedings which depart from the ordinary routine litigation incident to the kinds of business conducted by the Company, except for a suit concerning the draw down of letters of credit. In 1997 and 1998, Navigators Insurance entered into certain reinsurance contracts with an Australian reinsurer. In accordance with normal business practice, Navigators Insurance had secured this exposure with letters of credit. In April 1999, in good faith and consistent with the terms of the letters of credit, Navigators Insurance drew down $3.2 million of the letters of credit. The liquidator of the reinsurer has commenced suit in Australia seeking to void the draw downs. Although the Company believes it has strong defenses against these claims and that the liquidators' assertions run counter to prevailing Australian and U.S. law, there can be no assurance as to the outcome of this litigation. The Company is vigorously defending its position.

F-39



LOGO



PART II
INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN THE PROSPECTUS

Item 14.    Other Expenses of Issuance and Distribution.

Registration fee to the Securities and Exchange Commission   $ 13,011
Transfer agent's fees   $ 10,000
Printing expenses   $ 150,000
Accounting fees and expenses   $ 175,000
Legal fees and expenses   $ 225,000
NASD filing fee   $ 15,120
Miscellaneous expenses   $ 18,869
   
Total   $ 607,000
   

        The foregoing items, except for the registration fee to the Securities and Exchange Commission and the NASD filing fee, are estimated. We will pay all of the expenses in connection with this offering.


Item 15.    Indemnification of Directors and Officers.

        Section 145 of the Delaware General Corporation Law (the "DGCL") provides that a Delaware corporation may indemnify any person who is, or is threatened to be made, a party to any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative (other than an action by or in the right of such corporation), by reason of the fact that such person is or was an officer, director, employee or agent of such corporation, or is or was serving at the request of such corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation or enterprise. The indemnity may include expenses (including attorneys' fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection with such action, suit or proceeding, provided such person acted in good faith and in a manner he reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the corporation's best interests and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe that his conduct was unlawful. Section 145 also provides that a Delaware corporation may indemnify any person who was or is a party, or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action or suit by or in the right of the corporation by reason of the fact that such person is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of such corporation or enterprise or is or was serving at the request of such corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation or enterprise. The indemnity may include expenses (including attorneys' fees) actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection with the defense or settlement of such action or suit, provided such person acted in good faith and in a manner he reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the corporation's best interest, except that no indemnification is permitted without judicial approval if such person is adjudged to be liable to the corporation. Where an officer or director is successful on the merits or otherwise in the defense of any action referred to above, the corporation must indemnify him against the expenses which such officer or director has actually and reasonably incurred.

        Section 145 of the DGCL also provides, in general, that a corporation shall have the power to purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of any person who is or was a director or officer of the corporation against any liability asserted against the person in any such capacity, or arising out of the person's status as such, whether or not the corporation would have the power to indemnify the person against such liability under the provisions of the law.

II-1



        Article Seventh of the Registrant's Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended, provides that the Registrant shall indemnify all persons who it may indemnify to the full extent allowable under the DGCL.

        Article V, Section 10 of the Registrant's By-laws provides that the Registrant shall indemnify any person who is a party to any action, suit, or proceeding by reason of the fact that he, his testator or intestate, is or was a director, officer or employee of the Registrant or of any company which he served as such at the Registrant's request, against reasonable expenses (including attorneys' fees) actually and necessarily incurred by him in connection with the defense of such action, suit, or proceeding, or in connection with the appeal thereof, except in relation to matters as to which it shall be adjudged in such action, suit or proceeding that such officer, director or employee is liable for negligence or misconduct in the performance of his duties.

        The Registrant's By-laws further provide that the indemnification described therein is not exclusive, and shall not exclude any other rights to which those seeking to be indemnified may be entitled under law.

        In addition, the Registrant maintains directors' and officers' liability insurance under which the Registrant's directors and officers are insured against loss (as defined in the policy) as a result of claims brought against them for their wrongful acts in such capacities.


Item 16.    Exhibits.

Exhibit No.

  Description of Exhibit
1.1 * Form of Underwriting Agreement relating to Shares of Common Stock

3.1

 

Restated Certificate of Incorporation (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of our Registration Statement on Form S-8 filed on July 26, 2002 (Registration No. 333-97183))

3.2

 

Certificate of Amendment to the Restated Certificate of Incorporation (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 of our Registration Statement on Form S-8 filed on July 26, 2002 (Registration No. 333-97183))

3.3

 

By-laws of the Registrant (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.3 of our Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed on May 13, 1986 (Registration No. 33-5667))

4.1

 

Specimen of Common Stock certificate, par value $0.10 per share (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.4 of our Registration Statement on Form S-8 filed on June 20, 2003 (Registration No. 333-106317))

5.1

*

Opinion of LeBoeuf, Lamb, Greene & MacRae, L.L.P.

23.1

 

Consent of KPMG LLP

23.2

*

Consent of LeBoeuf, Lamb, Greene & MacRae, L.L.P. (included in Exhibit 5.1 above)

24.1

 

Powers of Attorney (included in the signature page)

        * To be filed by amendment.

II-2



Item 17.    Undertakings.

(a)
Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933 may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the Registrant pursuant to the provisions described under Item 15, or otherwise, the Registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against those liabilities (other than the payment by the Registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the Registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the Registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of this issue.

(b)
The undersigned Registrant hereby undertakes that, for purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each filing of the Registrant's annual report pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (and, where applicable, each filing of an employee benefit plan's annual report pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) that is incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.

(c)
The undersigned Registrant hereby undertakes that:

(i)
For purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, the information omitted from the form of prospectus filed as part of this registration statement in reliance upon Rule 430A and contained in a form of prospectus filed by the Registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(1) or (4) or 497(h) under the Securities Act shall be deemed to be part of this Registration Statement as of the time it was declared effective; and

(ii)
For the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each post-effective amendment that contains a form of prospectus shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.

II-3



SIGNATURES

        Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, The Navigators Group, Inc. certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-3 and has duly caused this Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of New York, State of New York, on August 29, 2003.

    THE NAVIGATORS GROUP, INC.

 

 

By:

/s/  
BRADLEY D. WILEY      
Bradley D. Wiley
Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Secretary (Principal Financial Officer)

        KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints each of Stanley A. Galanski, Bradley D. Wiley and Douglas Poetzsch, or any of them, each acting alone, his true and lawful attorney-in-fact and agent, with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for such person and in his name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, in connection with the Registrant's Registration Statement on Form S-3 under the Securities Act of 1933, including to sign the Registration Statement in the name and on behalf of the Registrant or on behalf of the undersigned as a director or officer of the Registrant, and any and all amendments or supplements to the Registration Statement, including any and all stickers and post-effective amendments or supplements to the Registration Statement and to sign any and all additional registration statements relating to the same offering of securities as those that are covered by the Registration Statement that are filed pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act of 1933, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto, and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission and any applicable securities exchange or securities self-regulatory body, granting unto said attorneys-in-fact and agents, each acting alone, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done in and about the premises, as fully to all intents and purposes as he or she might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents, or their substitutes or substitute, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.

        Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this Registration Statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

 
  Signature
  Title
  Date

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
By:   /s/  TERENCE N. DEEKS      
Name: Terence N. Deeks
  Chairman   August 29, 2003

By:

 

/s/  
STANLEY A. GALANSKI      
Name: Stanley A. Galanski

 

Director, President and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer)

 

August 29, 2003
             

II-4



By:

 

/s/  
BRADLEY D. WILEY      
Name: Bradley D. Wiley

 

Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Secretary (Principal Financial Officer)

 

August 29, 2003

By:

 

/s/  
SALVATORE A. MARGARELLA      
Name: Salvatore A. Margarella

 

Vice President and Treasurer (Principal Accounting Officer)

 

August 29, 2003

By:

 

/s/  
PETER A. CHENEY      
Name: Peter A. Cheney

 

Director

 

August 29, 2003

By:

 

/s/  
ROBERT W. EAGER, JR.      
Name: Robert W. Eager, Jr.

 

Director

 

August 29, 2003

By:

 

/s/  
LEANDRO S. GALBAN, JR.      
Name: Leandro S. Galban, Jr.

 

Director

 

August 29, 2003

By:

 

/s/  
MARC M. TRACT      
Name: Marc M. Tract

 

Director

 

August 29, 2003

By:

 

/s/  
GEORGE T. VAN GILDER      
Name: George T. Van Gilder

 

Director

 

August 29, 2003

By:

 

/s/  
ROBERT F. WRIGHT      
Name: Robert F. Wright

 

Director

 

August 29, 2003

II-5



EXHIBIT INDEX

Exhibit No.
  Description of Exhibit
1.1 * Form of Underwriting Agreement relating to Shares of Common Stock

3.1

 

Restated Certificate of Incorporation (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of our Registration Statement on Form S-8 filed on July 26, 2002 (Registration No. 333-97183))

3.2

 

Certificate of Amendment to the Restated Certificate of Incorporation (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 of our Registration Statement on Form S-8 filed on July 26, 2002 (Registration No. 333-97183))

3.3

 

By-laws of the Registrant (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.3 of our Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed on May 13, 1986 (Registration No. 33-5667))

4.1

 

Specimen of Common Stock certificate, par value $0.10 per share (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.4 of our Registration Statement on Form S-8 filed on June 20, 2003 (Registration No. 333-106317))

5.1

*

Opinion of LeBoeuf, Lamb, Greene & MacRae, L.L.P.

23.1

 

Consent of KPMG LLP

23.2

*

Consent of LeBoeuf, Lamb, Greene & MacRae, L.L.P. (included in Exhibit 5.1 above)

24.1

 

Powers of Attorney (included in the signature page)

*
To be filed by amendment.

II-6




QuickLinks

TABLE OF CONTENTS
NOTE ON FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
PROSPECTUS SUMMARY
THE OFFERING
SUMMARY FINANCIAL INFORMATION
RISK FACTORS
USE OF PROCEEDS
CAPITALIZATION
SELECTED FINANCIAL INFORMATION
MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
BUSINESS
MANAGEMENT
EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
PRINCIPAL STOCKHOLDERS
SELLING STOCKHOLDERS
DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK
SHARES OF COMMON STOCK PRICE RANGE AND DIVIDENDS
UNDERWRITING
NOTICE TO CANADIAN RESIDENTS
VALIDITY OF THE COMMON STOCK
EXPERTS
WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION ABOUT US
INCORPORATION OF INFORMATION THAT WE FILE WITH THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
INDEPENDENT AUDITORS' REPORT
THE NAVIGATORS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (In thousands, except share data)
THE NAVIGATORS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME (In thousands, except net income per share)
THE NAVIGATORS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (In thousands)
THE NAVIGATORS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (In thousands)
THE NAVIGATORS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
THE NAVIGATORS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (In thousands, except share data)
THE NAVIGATORS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME (In thousands, except net income per share)
THE NAVIGATORS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (In thousands)
THE NAVIGATORS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)
PART II INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN THE PROSPECTUS
SIGNATURES
EXHIBIT INDEX